Concordia BIOL 226 Study Guide Exam Questions Fully Solved.

The Darwinian revolution challenged what? - Answer traditional views of a young Earth inhabited by unchanging species Descent with modification by natural selection - Answer explains the adaptations of organisms and the unity and diversity of life 4 types of evidence for evolution - Answer 1. direct observations 2. homology 3. fossil record 4. biogeography Scala Naturae - Answer life-forms could be arranged on a scale of increasing complexity Evolution - Answer a change in the genetic composition of a population over time Lamarck's two mechanisms - Answer 1. use and disuse 2. inheritance of acquired characteristics Adaptations - Answer inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance their survival and reproduction in specific environments Malthus influence on Darwin - Answer most species produce large numbers of offspring Evidence that supports Darwin's Ideas - Answer 1. members of a population often vary in their inherited traits 2. all species produce more offspring than can survive 3. individuals with inherited characteristics that give them a higher fitness more likely to leave offspring than other individuals 4. this unequal ability of individuals to produce offspring will lead to the accumulation of favourable traits in a population over generations Homology - Answer similar structure different function