DETAILED ANSWERS FOR AN A+ GUARANTEED PASS
Improvements in surgery made during the Civil War - ✅✅first conflict in which
the Army dug toilets downstream from army's campsite)
Application to medicine of advances in bacteriology by scientists such as Louis
Pasteur - ✅✅Affected the physician's ability to control infectious diseases - the
leading causes of death at that time
Demand for therapeutics fueled by the Civil War - ✅✅Provided the start for
some of the largest names in the modern pharmaceutical industry: Wyeth, Pfizer,
and Squibb
Wyeth, Pfizer, and Squibb - ✅✅Provided the start for some of the largest names
in the modern pharmaceutical industry:
Founding of the U.S. Nursing Corps - ✅✅________in 1861 and the idea of
professional nursing and its importance to medical care
Development of the Ambulance Corps during the Civil War - ✅✅Created
ambulance-to-emergency room system we know today
,Established hierarchy of treatment stations to types of hospital facilities
1899 - ✅✅Founding of Association of Hospital Superintendents in_____
Became the American Hospital Association (AHA)
Adoption of the Bertillon or International List of Causes of Death in 1900 -
✅✅Predecessor of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)
Brought some standards and criteria in the study of diseases
19th Century developments - ✅✅-Began to professionalize health care
workforce working in specialized institutions to deliver health care services
-Health care research sector that advances diagnosis and treatment
-Industry that provides health care supplies and therapeutics
-Began a classification and data-collection system to evaluate health care
performance
Medical "tool box" - ✅✅-Vaccines and antitoxins, which prevented childhood
illnesses
-Medicines, such as insulin, which saved and extended life
-Surgery, which could cure dozens of conditions, aided by effective anesthesia and
the protection of aseptic techniques
, -Increased
-access - ✅✅With medicine's improved ability to cure disease and treat chronic
conditions, the demand for care _________, as did its cost
In response, a major focus of health policy since the early 20th century has been
assuring _______to health care
Providing health care coverage
Building the American health care infrastructure - ✅✅Both public and private
sectors were involved in:
1)____
2)____
insufficient to luxurious - ✅✅As a result, health care access varied for people in
different groups
Ranging from ____ to ____
Subsequently, Blue Cross and Blue Shield plans developed nationwide
24 million members served
81 hospital plans