NURS 1141 Exam 2 - Questions With Insightful
Solutions
What is normal sodium level? Correct Ans - 135-145
What is normal potassium level? Correct Ans - 3.5-5.0
What is normal albumin level? Correct Ans - 3.5-5.0
What is normal hemoglobin level? Correct Ans - 12-18 for male
and female
What is osmolality? Correct Ans - concentration of particles in
a solution
What is osmotic pressure? Correct Ans - physical force that
prevents fluid from moving out and through a semi-permeable
membrane
What does a hypotonic IV solution exert? Correct Ans - less
pressure, allowing fluid to move into the cell (toward higher osmotic
pressure)
What does a hypertonic IV solution do? Correct Ans - draw
fluid toward it, away from the cells
What does isotonic IV solution do? Correct Ans - creates no net
fluid movement
Hypotonic solution can cause what? Correct Ans - cells to
swell, would want to verify order if pt has brian swelling
,Hypertonic solution can cause what? Correct Ans - cell
shrinkage or dehydration
When would you use hypertonic solutions? Correct Ans - when
addressing increased intracranial pressure or with severely low
sodium
What can be a risk of rapid correction of low sodium? Correct Ans
- brain damage through osmotic demyelination syndrome
How does osmotic demyelination syndrome present? Correct Ans
- -ataxia
-confusion
-slurred speech
-drooling
-tremor
-weakness
What are the most commonly used crystalloids? Correct Ans -
isotonic solutions
What is oncotic pressure? Correct Ans - exerted by colloids or
proteins
What are colloids? Correct Ans - -contain protein
-increase colloid oncotic pressure
-plasma "expanders"
-may affect clotting factor through dilution effect
What are crystalloids? Correct Ans - -contains sodium, no
protein
-most commonly used isotonic
,What is the risk of too much isotonic solution? Correct Ans -
hypervolemia (ECV excess)
How fast can you give hypertonic solutions? Correct Ans - no
faster than 100mL/hr
What is the only solution that can be used for fluid resuscitation?
Correct Ans - isotonic solutions
"run wide open"
What are examples of colloids? Correct Ans - -albumin
-dextran
-hetastarch
What are examples of crystalloids? Correct Ans - -0.9% NaCl
-Lactated Ringers (LR)
What is cryoprecipitate? Correct Ans - manage acute bleeding
What is FFP? Correct Ans - increase clotting factors
What is PRBCs? Correct Ans - increase oxygen carrying
capacity
What is whole blood? Correct Ans - has lots of plasma proteins
What type of solution is 5% dextrose in water? Correct Ans - -
crystalloid
-isotonic, physiologically hypotonic
What type of solution is 10% dextrose in water? Correct Ans - -
crystalloid
-hypertonic
, What type of solution is 0.45% saline? Correct Ans - -
crystalloid
-hypotonic
What type of solution is 0.9% saline? Correct Ans - -crystalloid
-isotonic
What type of solution is 3.0% saline? Correct Ans - -crystalloid
-hypertonic
What type of solution is 5% dextrose in 0.45% saline? Correct Ans
- -crystalloid
-hypertonic
What type of solution is ringers solution? Correct Ans - -
crystalloid
-isotonic
What type of solution is lactated ringers solution? Correct Ans -
-crystalloid
-isotonic
What solution should the nurse administer with packed red blood
cells? Correct Ans - 0.9% sodium chloride
What is the principal ECF electrolyte? Correct Ans - sodium
What is the principal ICF electrolyte? Correct Ans - potassium
What is sodium responsible for? Correct Ans - -control water
distribution
-osmotic pressure of body fluids
-participation in acid-base balance
-most abundant positively charged electrolyte outside cells
Solutions
What is normal sodium level? Correct Ans - 135-145
What is normal potassium level? Correct Ans - 3.5-5.0
What is normal albumin level? Correct Ans - 3.5-5.0
What is normal hemoglobin level? Correct Ans - 12-18 for male
and female
What is osmolality? Correct Ans - concentration of particles in
a solution
What is osmotic pressure? Correct Ans - physical force that
prevents fluid from moving out and through a semi-permeable
membrane
What does a hypotonic IV solution exert? Correct Ans - less
pressure, allowing fluid to move into the cell (toward higher osmotic
pressure)
What does a hypertonic IV solution do? Correct Ans - draw
fluid toward it, away from the cells
What does isotonic IV solution do? Correct Ans - creates no net
fluid movement
Hypotonic solution can cause what? Correct Ans - cells to
swell, would want to verify order if pt has brian swelling
,Hypertonic solution can cause what? Correct Ans - cell
shrinkage or dehydration
When would you use hypertonic solutions? Correct Ans - when
addressing increased intracranial pressure or with severely low
sodium
What can be a risk of rapid correction of low sodium? Correct Ans
- brain damage through osmotic demyelination syndrome
How does osmotic demyelination syndrome present? Correct Ans
- -ataxia
-confusion
-slurred speech
-drooling
-tremor
-weakness
What are the most commonly used crystalloids? Correct Ans -
isotonic solutions
What is oncotic pressure? Correct Ans - exerted by colloids or
proteins
What are colloids? Correct Ans - -contain protein
-increase colloid oncotic pressure
-plasma "expanders"
-may affect clotting factor through dilution effect
What are crystalloids? Correct Ans - -contains sodium, no
protein
-most commonly used isotonic
,What is the risk of too much isotonic solution? Correct Ans -
hypervolemia (ECV excess)
How fast can you give hypertonic solutions? Correct Ans - no
faster than 100mL/hr
What is the only solution that can be used for fluid resuscitation?
Correct Ans - isotonic solutions
"run wide open"
What are examples of colloids? Correct Ans - -albumin
-dextran
-hetastarch
What are examples of crystalloids? Correct Ans - -0.9% NaCl
-Lactated Ringers (LR)
What is cryoprecipitate? Correct Ans - manage acute bleeding
What is FFP? Correct Ans - increase clotting factors
What is PRBCs? Correct Ans - increase oxygen carrying
capacity
What is whole blood? Correct Ans - has lots of plasma proteins
What type of solution is 5% dextrose in water? Correct Ans - -
crystalloid
-isotonic, physiologically hypotonic
What type of solution is 10% dextrose in water? Correct Ans - -
crystalloid
-hypertonic
, What type of solution is 0.45% saline? Correct Ans - -
crystalloid
-hypotonic
What type of solution is 0.9% saline? Correct Ans - -crystalloid
-isotonic
What type of solution is 3.0% saline? Correct Ans - -crystalloid
-hypertonic
What type of solution is 5% dextrose in 0.45% saline? Correct Ans
- -crystalloid
-hypertonic
What type of solution is ringers solution? Correct Ans - -
crystalloid
-isotonic
What type of solution is lactated ringers solution? Correct Ans -
-crystalloid
-isotonic
What solution should the nurse administer with packed red blood
cells? Correct Ans - 0.9% sodium chloride
What is the principal ECF electrolyte? Correct Ans - sodium
What is the principal ICF electrolyte? Correct Ans - potassium
What is sodium responsible for? Correct Ans - -control water
distribution
-osmotic pressure of body fluids
-participation in acid-base balance
-most abundant positively charged electrolyte outside cells
