ADVANCED TRAUMA LIFE SUPPORT 2025 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Heat - ✔✔A complicating factor in tar burns is adherence of the tar to skin and
infiltration into clothing, resulting in continued transfer of ___________.
✔✔Intentional - ✔✔It is important for clinicians to maintain awareness that
__________________ burn injury can occur in both children and adults.
✔✔Reperfusion - ✔✔Damage from frostbite can be due to freezing of tissue, ice crystal
formation causing cell membrane injury, microvascular occlusion, and subsequent
tissue anoxia. Some of the tissue damage also can result from ___________________
injury that occurs on rewarming.
✔✔First-degree - ✔✔________________ frostbite: Hyperemia and edema are present
without skin necrosis.
✔✔Second-degree - ✔✔__________________ frostbite: Large, clear vesicle formation
accompanies the hyperemia and edema with partial-thickness skin necrosis.
✔✔Third-degree - ✔✔__________________ frostbite: Full-thickness and subcutaneous
tissue necrosis occurs, commonly with hemorrhagic vesicle formation.
✔✔Fourth-degree - ✔✔_____________________ frostbite: Full-thickness skin necrosis
occurs, including muscle and bone with later necrosis.
✔✔Demarcation - ✔✔The final surgical management of frostbite depends on the level
of ____________________ of the perfused tissue which may take from weeks to
months to reach final stage.
✔✔Trench - ✔✔____________ foot or cold immersion foot (or hand) describes a
nonfreezing injury of the hands or feet—typically in soldiers, sailors, fishermen, and the
homeless—resulting from long-term exposure to wet conditions and temperatures just
above freezing (the entire foot can appear black, deep tissue destruction may not be
present.).
✔✔Reperfusion - ✔✔Warming of large areas can result in ____________________
syndrome, with acidosis, hyperkalemia, and local swelling; therefore, monitor the
patient's cardiac status and peripheral perfusion during rewarming.
✔✔Infection - ✔✔The goal of wound care for frostbite is to preserve damaged tissue by
preventing __________________, avoiding opening uninfected vesicles, and elevating
the injured area.
, ✔✔Passive - ✔✔________________ rewarming involves placing the patient in an
environment that reduces heat loss (e.g., using dry clothing and blankets), and relies on
the patient's intrinsic thermoregulatory mechanism to generate heat and raise body
temperature. This method is used for mild hypothermia.
✔✔Active - ✔✔______________ rewarming involves supplying additional sources of
heat energy to the patient (e.g., warmed IV solution, warmed packs to areas of high
vascular flow such as the groin and axilla, and initiating circulatory bypass); it is used for
patients with moderate and severe hypothermia.
✔✔32°C - ✔✔Hypothermia is any core temperature below 36°C (96.8°F), and severe
hypothermia is any core temperature below _______°C (89.6°F).
✔✔Children - ✔✔Injuries associated with motor vehicles are the most common cause of
death in __________________ of all ages, whether they are occupants, pedestrians, or
cyclists.
✔✔Five - ✔✔Most serious pediatric trauma is blunt trauma that involves the brain. As a
result, apnea, hypoventilation, and hypoxia occur ___________ times more often than
hypovolemia with hypotension in children who have sustained trauma.
✔✔Force - ✔✔Because children have smaller body mass than adults, the energy
imparted from objects such as fenders and bumpers, or from falls, results in greater
_____________ being applied per unit of body area.
✔✔Bone - ✔✔A child's skeleton is incompletely calcified, contains multiple active
growth centers, and is more pliable than an adult's. Therefore, ______________
fractures are less likely to occur.
✔✔Regressive - ✔✔The potential for significant psychological ramifications should be
considered in children who sustain trauma. In young children, emotional instability
frequently leads to a ______________________ psychological behavior when stress,
pain, and other perceived threats intervene in the child's environment.
✔✔60% - ✔✔Some evidence suggests that as many as _______% of children who
sustain severe multisystem trauma have residual personality changes at one year after
hospital discharge, and 50% show cognitive and physical handicaps.
✔✔Leg length - ✔✔Injuries through growth centers can cause growth abnormalities of
the injured bone. If the injured bone is a femur, a _________ ______________
discrepancy may result, causing a lifelong disability in running and walking.
✔✔Broselow - ✔✔A length-based resuscitation tape, such as the
____________________ Pediatric Emergency Tape, is an ideal adjunct for rapidly
WITH ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Heat - ✔✔A complicating factor in tar burns is adherence of the tar to skin and
infiltration into clothing, resulting in continued transfer of ___________.
✔✔Intentional - ✔✔It is important for clinicians to maintain awareness that
__________________ burn injury can occur in both children and adults.
✔✔Reperfusion - ✔✔Damage from frostbite can be due to freezing of tissue, ice crystal
formation causing cell membrane injury, microvascular occlusion, and subsequent
tissue anoxia. Some of the tissue damage also can result from ___________________
injury that occurs on rewarming.
✔✔First-degree - ✔✔________________ frostbite: Hyperemia and edema are present
without skin necrosis.
✔✔Second-degree - ✔✔__________________ frostbite: Large, clear vesicle formation
accompanies the hyperemia and edema with partial-thickness skin necrosis.
✔✔Third-degree - ✔✔__________________ frostbite: Full-thickness and subcutaneous
tissue necrosis occurs, commonly with hemorrhagic vesicle formation.
✔✔Fourth-degree - ✔✔_____________________ frostbite: Full-thickness skin necrosis
occurs, including muscle and bone with later necrosis.
✔✔Demarcation - ✔✔The final surgical management of frostbite depends on the level
of ____________________ of the perfused tissue which may take from weeks to
months to reach final stage.
✔✔Trench - ✔✔____________ foot or cold immersion foot (or hand) describes a
nonfreezing injury of the hands or feet—typically in soldiers, sailors, fishermen, and the
homeless—resulting from long-term exposure to wet conditions and temperatures just
above freezing (the entire foot can appear black, deep tissue destruction may not be
present.).
✔✔Reperfusion - ✔✔Warming of large areas can result in ____________________
syndrome, with acidosis, hyperkalemia, and local swelling; therefore, monitor the
patient's cardiac status and peripheral perfusion during rewarming.
✔✔Infection - ✔✔The goal of wound care for frostbite is to preserve damaged tissue by
preventing __________________, avoiding opening uninfected vesicles, and elevating
the injured area.
, ✔✔Passive - ✔✔________________ rewarming involves placing the patient in an
environment that reduces heat loss (e.g., using dry clothing and blankets), and relies on
the patient's intrinsic thermoregulatory mechanism to generate heat and raise body
temperature. This method is used for mild hypothermia.
✔✔Active - ✔✔______________ rewarming involves supplying additional sources of
heat energy to the patient (e.g., warmed IV solution, warmed packs to areas of high
vascular flow such as the groin and axilla, and initiating circulatory bypass); it is used for
patients with moderate and severe hypothermia.
✔✔32°C - ✔✔Hypothermia is any core temperature below 36°C (96.8°F), and severe
hypothermia is any core temperature below _______°C (89.6°F).
✔✔Children - ✔✔Injuries associated with motor vehicles are the most common cause of
death in __________________ of all ages, whether they are occupants, pedestrians, or
cyclists.
✔✔Five - ✔✔Most serious pediatric trauma is blunt trauma that involves the brain. As a
result, apnea, hypoventilation, and hypoxia occur ___________ times more often than
hypovolemia with hypotension in children who have sustained trauma.
✔✔Force - ✔✔Because children have smaller body mass than adults, the energy
imparted from objects such as fenders and bumpers, or from falls, results in greater
_____________ being applied per unit of body area.
✔✔Bone - ✔✔A child's skeleton is incompletely calcified, contains multiple active
growth centers, and is more pliable than an adult's. Therefore, ______________
fractures are less likely to occur.
✔✔Regressive - ✔✔The potential for significant psychological ramifications should be
considered in children who sustain trauma. In young children, emotional instability
frequently leads to a ______________________ psychological behavior when stress,
pain, and other perceived threats intervene in the child's environment.
✔✔60% - ✔✔Some evidence suggests that as many as _______% of children who
sustain severe multisystem trauma have residual personality changes at one year after
hospital discharge, and 50% show cognitive and physical handicaps.
✔✔Leg length - ✔✔Injuries through growth centers can cause growth abnormalities of
the injured bone. If the injured bone is a femur, a _________ ______________
discrepancy may result, causing a lifelong disability in running and walking.
✔✔Broselow - ✔✔A length-based resuscitation tape, such as the
____________________ Pediatric Emergency Tape, is an ideal adjunct for rapidly
