Newborn Assessment & Care Notes
2025/2026 Exam Questions Marking
Scheme New Update | A+ Rated
3 stages of life of a newborn transitioning to extrauterine world - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔1st stage of reactivity, decrease response stage, and 2nd
stage of reactivity
1st stage of reactivity - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔(FIRST 30 minutes after birth), HR
increases 160-180 bpm and *returns* to baseline; alert, startles, cries and
moves head (APGAR score)
decreased response stage - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔(60-100 minutes after birth),
RR ~60 and shallow, pink color and sleeps
2nd stage of reactivity - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔(2-8 hours after birth), tachycardia
and tachypnea, improved muscle tone and *passes meconium*
after baseline is established - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔thermoregulation is critical
since babies have lower SQ fat and larger body surface to body weight
ratio
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, heat loss occurs: - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔convection - from body to room air
radiation - body to items in close proximity
evaporation - moisture loss from skin
conduction - body surfaces in direct contact
thermogenesis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔metabolism of brown fat for heat
production
cold stress - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔can lead to metabolic acidosis and
hypoglycemia
hyperthermia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔usually environmental; if septic then
*hands/feet are cold EVEN WITH an elevated temperature*
newborn physical assessment - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔complete h-t assessment is
done within 12 hours of birth, post-bonding time; ideal time to educate
parents
vital signs of newborn - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔apical HR (120-160 bpm)
RR ( 30-60 bpm) / abdominal breathers, nares open
temperature via axillary (97.7 - 99.5 degrees F)
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
2025/2026 Exam Questions Marking
Scheme New Update | A+ Rated
3 stages of life of a newborn transitioning to extrauterine world - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔1st stage of reactivity, decrease response stage, and 2nd
stage of reactivity
1st stage of reactivity - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔(FIRST 30 minutes after birth), HR
increases 160-180 bpm and *returns* to baseline; alert, startles, cries and
moves head (APGAR score)
decreased response stage - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔(60-100 minutes after birth),
RR ~60 and shallow, pink color and sleeps
2nd stage of reactivity - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔(2-8 hours after birth), tachycardia
and tachypnea, improved muscle tone and *passes meconium*
after baseline is established - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔thermoregulation is critical
since babies have lower SQ fat and larger body surface to body weight
ratio
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, heat loss occurs: - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔convection - from body to room air
radiation - body to items in close proximity
evaporation - moisture loss from skin
conduction - body surfaces in direct contact
thermogenesis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔metabolism of brown fat for heat
production
cold stress - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔can lead to metabolic acidosis and
hypoglycemia
hyperthermia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔usually environmental; if septic then
*hands/feet are cold EVEN WITH an elevated temperature*
newborn physical assessment - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔complete h-t assessment is
done within 12 hours of birth, post-bonding time; ideal time to educate
parents
vital signs of newborn - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔apical HR (120-160 bpm)
RR ( 30-60 bpm) / abdominal breathers, nares open
temperature via axillary (97.7 - 99.5 degrees F)
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
