NUR 631 T10 GI Questions With Complete
Solutions
gallstones
cholelithiasis
gallbladder inflammation
cholecystitis
•Chief complication of chronic cholelithiasis
•Intermittent biliary colic, a persistent epigastric or
right upper abdominal pain
•Symptoms may be precipitated by a meal, but
they often occur spontaneously and may manifest
at night
•Acute inflammation of the gallbladder wall
•Characterized by severe right upper abdominal
pain that often radiates to the back
acute cholecystitis
Chronic inflammation of the gallbladder wall
attributable to
•persistent low-grade irritation from gallstones or
to recurrent attacks of acute cholecystitis
biliary malignancy is ___ and symptoms are___
rare 1 -2:100K per yr US; RUQ pain and juandice
from obstruction
,•Female, Overweight/Obese, Reproductive Age,
40's what are they likely to get
acute or chronic cholecystitis
s/s of cholecystitis
•Epigastric and/or RUQ pain à R shoulder
•N,V, Fever and chills, Jaundice
•Positive Murphy's sign
•CBC, US, HIDA scan tests for
cholecystitis
what about gallbladder cancer
early stages asymptomatic; steady RUQ pain for
about 2 months; rare but lethal
what happens after pancreatitis
After an attack, the exocrine and endocrine
functions of the pancreas may remain impaired for
a variable period
•Presence of chronic inflammatory lesions in the
pancreas
•Persistence of symptoms secondary to pancreatic
dysfunction over weeks and months
chronic pancreatitis
•A highly fatal cancer that can be difficult to
diagnose and treat
•Comprises about 2% of all cancers, but ranks
,fourth among deaths from all malignancies
Median survival is 12 months.
pancreatic cancer
Causes of pancreatitis
alcoholism, pregnancy, •Cholelithiasis, Biliary Duct
or Sphincter of Odi obstruction, Trauma, CF
s/s of acute pancreatitis
•Epigastric Pain à back
•N/V, Fever, Tachycardia, Hypotension, Ascites,
Jaundice
•Fat Necrosis
•Abd. Pain with radiation to back, steathorrhea,
DM. these are s/s of what type of pancreatitis
chronic
•Enzymes à Amylase, Lipase - Grey-Turner's
(ecchymosis of the flanks) and Cullen's sign
(bruising at umbilicus)
•MRCP
•CBC, glucose, BUN/Creat, ALT/AST
•EKG, CT
testing for pancreatitis
grey'-turner sign and Cullen sign for what
pancreatitis
Grey Turner's sign
, discoloration over the flanks suggesting intra-
abdominal bleeding.
Cullen's sign
ecchymosis in umbilical area, seen with
pancreatitis
causes of pancreatic cancer
•FHX, Smoking, Pancreatic Disorders, DM
where is pancreatic cancer most common
head of pancreas
symptoms of pancreatic cancer
•Vague/Severe abd./back pain à back,
esophageal/gastric varicies, splenomegaly, weight
loss, DM, jaundice
what happens most often with pancreatic cancer
•Advanced with wide spread metastasis by
diagnosis (90%)
pancreatic cancer testing
CT, ALT/AST, Alk Phos, CMP, CBC, Amalyse/lipase
where is liver located
RUQ of abdomen
what is structure of liver
The liver is divided into lobes, which are further
divided into cylindrical lobules. As the hepatic
Solutions
gallstones
cholelithiasis
gallbladder inflammation
cholecystitis
•Chief complication of chronic cholelithiasis
•Intermittent biliary colic, a persistent epigastric or
right upper abdominal pain
•Symptoms may be precipitated by a meal, but
they often occur spontaneously and may manifest
at night
•Acute inflammation of the gallbladder wall
•Characterized by severe right upper abdominal
pain that often radiates to the back
acute cholecystitis
Chronic inflammation of the gallbladder wall
attributable to
•persistent low-grade irritation from gallstones or
to recurrent attacks of acute cholecystitis
biliary malignancy is ___ and symptoms are___
rare 1 -2:100K per yr US; RUQ pain and juandice
from obstruction
,•Female, Overweight/Obese, Reproductive Age,
40's what are they likely to get
acute or chronic cholecystitis
s/s of cholecystitis
•Epigastric and/or RUQ pain à R shoulder
•N,V, Fever and chills, Jaundice
•Positive Murphy's sign
•CBC, US, HIDA scan tests for
cholecystitis
what about gallbladder cancer
early stages asymptomatic; steady RUQ pain for
about 2 months; rare but lethal
what happens after pancreatitis
After an attack, the exocrine and endocrine
functions of the pancreas may remain impaired for
a variable period
•Presence of chronic inflammatory lesions in the
pancreas
•Persistence of symptoms secondary to pancreatic
dysfunction over weeks and months
chronic pancreatitis
•A highly fatal cancer that can be difficult to
diagnose and treat
•Comprises about 2% of all cancers, but ranks
,fourth among deaths from all malignancies
Median survival is 12 months.
pancreatic cancer
Causes of pancreatitis
alcoholism, pregnancy, •Cholelithiasis, Biliary Duct
or Sphincter of Odi obstruction, Trauma, CF
s/s of acute pancreatitis
•Epigastric Pain à back
•N/V, Fever, Tachycardia, Hypotension, Ascites,
Jaundice
•Fat Necrosis
•Abd. Pain with radiation to back, steathorrhea,
DM. these are s/s of what type of pancreatitis
chronic
•Enzymes à Amylase, Lipase - Grey-Turner's
(ecchymosis of the flanks) and Cullen's sign
(bruising at umbilicus)
•MRCP
•CBC, glucose, BUN/Creat, ALT/AST
•EKG, CT
testing for pancreatitis
grey'-turner sign and Cullen sign for what
pancreatitis
Grey Turner's sign
, discoloration over the flanks suggesting intra-
abdominal bleeding.
Cullen's sign
ecchymosis in umbilical area, seen with
pancreatitis
causes of pancreatic cancer
•FHX, Smoking, Pancreatic Disorders, DM
where is pancreatic cancer most common
head of pancreas
symptoms of pancreatic cancer
•Vague/Severe abd./back pain à back,
esophageal/gastric varicies, splenomegaly, weight
loss, DM, jaundice
what happens most often with pancreatic cancer
•Advanced with wide spread metastasis by
diagnosis (90%)
pancreatic cancer testing
CT, ALT/AST, Alk Phos, CMP, CBC, Amalyse/lipase
where is liver located
RUQ of abdomen
what is structure of liver
The liver is divided into lobes, which are further
divided into cylindrical lobules. As the hepatic
