NUR-631 Final Exam Study Guide Questions
With Complete Solutions
________ is used to correct the chronic anemia
associated with chronic renal failure
a. Intrinsic factor
b. Vitamin B12
c. Vitamin D
d. Erythropoietin Correct Answers d.
Erythropoietin
A bone density of 645mg/cm would support which
diagnosis?
a. Osteoplasia
b. Osteoporosis
c. Osteopenia
d. Osteomalacia Correct Answers b. Osteoporosis
Exp: The World Health Organization (WHO) has
defined osteoporosis on the basis of bone density.
Normal bone is greater than 833 mg/cm ;
osteopenia, or decreased bone mass is 633 to 648
mg/cm; osteoporosis is less than 648 mg/cm. This
selection is the only accepted option. page 1550
A couple has two children diagnosed with an
autosomal dominant genetic disease. What is the
,probability that the next child will have the same
genetic disease?
a. One sixth
b. One fourth
c. One third
d. One half Correct Answers d. One half
Exp: Affected heterozygous individuals transmit the
trait to approximately one half of their children;
however, because gamete transmission is subject
to chance fluctuations, it is possible that all or none
of the children of an affected parent may have the
trait. Nevertheless, when large numbers of matings
of this type are studied, the proportion of affected
children closely approach one half. page 152-153
A major characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus is
that there is:
a. Partial insulin secretion
b. An autoimmune cause factor
c. Insulin resistance
d. Obesity as a common risk factor Correct
Answers b. An autoimmune cause factor
Exp: A strong association between type 1 diabetes
and the presence of several human leukocyte
antigen (HLA) class II alleles indicate that type 1
diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease. The
,remaining options are associated with type 2
diabetes. page 174
A patient exhibits symptoms including hematuria
with red blood cell casts and proteinuria exceeding
3 to 5 g/ day with albumin as the major protein.
These data suggest the presence of which
disorder?
a. Cystitis
b. Chronic pyelonephritis
c. Glomerulonephritis
d. Nephrotic syndrome Correct Answers c.
Glomerulonephritis
Exp: The data suggest the patient has the disorder
known as glomerulonephritis. Two major changes
distinctive of more severe glomerulonephritis are
(1) hematuria with red blood cell casts and (2)
proteinuria exceeding 3-5 g/ day with albumin as
the major protein. These symptoms do not support
the diagnosis of the other options. page 1357
A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary disease and
elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Which of
the following heart failures may result from this
condition?
a. Right heart failure
b. Left heart failure
c. Low-output failure
, d. High-output failure Correct Answers a. Right
heart failure
Exp: Right heart failure is defined as the inability of
the right ventricle to provide adequate blood flow
into the pulmonary circulation at a normal central
venous pressure. It most often results from the left
heart failure when the increase in left ventricular
filling pressure that is reflected back into the
pulmonary circulation is severe enough. As
pressure in the pulmonary circulation rises, the
resistance to right ventricular emptying increases.
A person diagnosed with type 1 diabetes
experiences hunger, lightheadedness, tachycardia,
pallor, headache, and confusion. The most
propable cause of these symptoms is
a. Hyperglycemia caused by incorrect insulin
administration
b. Dawn phenomenon from eating a snack before
bedtime
c. Hypoglycemia caused by increased exercise
d. Somogyi effect from insulin sensitivity Correct
Answers c. Hypoglycemia caused by increased
excercies
Exp: The most likely cause of these symptoms is
hypoglycemia+ which is often caused bu a lack of
systemic glucose as a result of muscular activity.
None of the remaining options appropriately
With Complete Solutions
________ is used to correct the chronic anemia
associated with chronic renal failure
a. Intrinsic factor
b. Vitamin B12
c. Vitamin D
d. Erythropoietin Correct Answers d.
Erythropoietin
A bone density of 645mg/cm would support which
diagnosis?
a. Osteoplasia
b. Osteoporosis
c. Osteopenia
d. Osteomalacia Correct Answers b. Osteoporosis
Exp: The World Health Organization (WHO) has
defined osteoporosis on the basis of bone density.
Normal bone is greater than 833 mg/cm ;
osteopenia, or decreased bone mass is 633 to 648
mg/cm; osteoporosis is less than 648 mg/cm. This
selection is the only accepted option. page 1550
A couple has two children diagnosed with an
autosomal dominant genetic disease. What is the
,probability that the next child will have the same
genetic disease?
a. One sixth
b. One fourth
c. One third
d. One half Correct Answers d. One half
Exp: Affected heterozygous individuals transmit the
trait to approximately one half of their children;
however, because gamete transmission is subject
to chance fluctuations, it is possible that all or none
of the children of an affected parent may have the
trait. Nevertheless, when large numbers of matings
of this type are studied, the proportion of affected
children closely approach one half. page 152-153
A major characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus is
that there is:
a. Partial insulin secretion
b. An autoimmune cause factor
c. Insulin resistance
d. Obesity as a common risk factor Correct
Answers b. An autoimmune cause factor
Exp: A strong association between type 1 diabetes
and the presence of several human leukocyte
antigen (HLA) class II alleles indicate that type 1
diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease. The
,remaining options are associated with type 2
diabetes. page 174
A patient exhibits symptoms including hematuria
with red blood cell casts and proteinuria exceeding
3 to 5 g/ day with albumin as the major protein.
These data suggest the presence of which
disorder?
a. Cystitis
b. Chronic pyelonephritis
c. Glomerulonephritis
d. Nephrotic syndrome Correct Answers c.
Glomerulonephritis
Exp: The data suggest the patient has the disorder
known as glomerulonephritis. Two major changes
distinctive of more severe glomerulonephritis are
(1) hematuria with red blood cell casts and (2)
proteinuria exceeding 3-5 g/ day with albumin as
the major protein. These symptoms do not support
the diagnosis of the other options. page 1357
A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary disease and
elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Which of
the following heart failures may result from this
condition?
a. Right heart failure
b. Left heart failure
c. Low-output failure
, d. High-output failure Correct Answers a. Right
heart failure
Exp: Right heart failure is defined as the inability of
the right ventricle to provide adequate blood flow
into the pulmonary circulation at a normal central
venous pressure. It most often results from the left
heart failure when the increase in left ventricular
filling pressure that is reflected back into the
pulmonary circulation is severe enough. As
pressure in the pulmonary circulation rises, the
resistance to right ventricular emptying increases.
A person diagnosed with type 1 diabetes
experiences hunger, lightheadedness, tachycardia,
pallor, headache, and confusion. The most
propable cause of these symptoms is
a. Hyperglycemia caused by incorrect insulin
administration
b. Dawn phenomenon from eating a snack before
bedtime
c. Hypoglycemia caused by increased exercise
d. Somogyi effect from insulin sensitivity Correct
Answers c. Hypoglycemia caused by increased
excercies
Exp: The most likely cause of these symptoms is
hypoglycemia+ which is often caused bu a lack of
systemic glucose as a result of muscular activity.
None of the remaining options appropriately
