NUR 631 midterm Questions With Complete
Solutions
A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the
organelles are suspendedCytoplasm
cytoplasm
plasma membrane
A selectively-permeable phospholipid bilayer
forming the boundary of the cells
Nucleus
A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and
responsible for growth and reproduction
a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in
animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the
development of spindle fibers in cell division.
centrioles
Ribosomes
site of protein synthesis
A system of membranes that is found in a cell's
cytoplasm and that assists in the production,
processing, and transport of proteins and in the
production of lipids.
endoplasmic reticulum
,We have an expert-written solution to this
problem!
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of
ATP (energy) production
mitochondria
cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break
down certain materials in the cell
lysosomes
We have an expert-written solution to this
problem!
a complex of vesicles and folded membranes
within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, A
system of membranes that modifies and packages
proteins for export by the cell
golgi apparatus
decrease/schrinkage in cellular size for adaption
atrophy
increase in size of cells (organs) for adaption
hypertrophy
,increase in number of cells for adapation
hyperplasia
reversible replacement of one mature cell type by
another (epithelium changes in smokers)
metaplasia
abnormal changes in size, shape and organization
of mature cells (can lead to cervical cancer)
dysplasia
increased copper accumulation in liver and NS
(biliary defect); AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE s/s:
hepatitis, neuro/MS--tremors muscle incoord,
behavioral change; Test: copper, ceruloplasmin,
genetic test, LFT, imaging.
Wilson's disease
kayser-flescher rings in eyes
Wilson's disease
necrosis cardiac infarct (other tissues, not the
brain); typically affects kidney. Denaturation of
proteins from gel to firm state
coagulative
necrosis of lipids and macrophages (develop
granulomas) TB/histoplasmosis
combo of coagulative and liquefactive. cells
, disintegrate /denature but debris is walled off
(cheese like)
caseous
wet or dry necrosis that occurs from ischemia or
bacteria; physical injury/trauma.
gangrene
necrosis in pancreas/breast tissue
fat
necrosis from bacterial infection/cerebral infarct;
typically affect neurons/glia cells in brain. Cells
"digested" by their own hydrolases--tissue
becomes soft. walled off from healthy tissues,
forming cysts
liquefactive
3 million per cell, thyamine-adenine; cytosine-
guanine
DNA
packages of DNA
chromosomes
small head with flat facial features, slanted eyes;
single crease in palm, heart defects, ALL dementia
(25% 0ver 35); 1/800 babies 5K per year
Downs syndrome
Solutions
A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the
organelles are suspendedCytoplasm
cytoplasm
plasma membrane
A selectively-permeable phospholipid bilayer
forming the boundary of the cells
Nucleus
A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and
responsible for growth and reproduction
a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in
animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the
development of spindle fibers in cell division.
centrioles
Ribosomes
site of protein synthesis
A system of membranes that is found in a cell's
cytoplasm and that assists in the production,
processing, and transport of proteins and in the
production of lipids.
endoplasmic reticulum
,We have an expert-written solution to this
problem!
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of
ATP (energy) production
mitochondria
cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break
down certain materials in the cell
lysosomes
We have an expert-written solution to this
problem!
a complex of vesicles and folded membranes
within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, A
system of membranes that modifies and packages
proteins for export by the cell
golgi apparatus
decrease/schrinkage in cellular size for adaption
atrophy
increase in size of cells (organs) for adaption
hypertrophy
,increase in number of cells for adapation
hyperplasia
reversible replacement of one mature cell type by
another (epithelium changes in smokers)
metaplasia
abnormal changes in size, shape and organization
of mature cells (can lead to cervical cancer)
dysplasia
increased copper accumulation in liver and NS
(biliary defect); AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE s/s:
hepatitis, neuro/MS--tremors muscle incoord,
behavioral change; Test: copper, ceruloplasmin,
genetic test, LFT, imaging.
Wilson's disease
kayser-flescher rings in eyes
Wilson's disease
necrosis cardiac infarct (other tissues, not the
brain); typically affects kidney. Denaturation of
proteins from gel to firm state
coagulative
necrosis of lipids and macrophages (develop
granulomas) TB/histoplasmosis
combo of coagulative and liquefactive. cells
, disintegrate /denature but debris is walled off
(cheese like)
caseous
wet or dry necrosis that occurs from ischemia or
bacteria; physical injury/trauma.
gangrene
necrosis in pancreas/breast tissue
fat
necrosis from bacterial infection/cerebral infarct;
typically affect neurons/glia cells in brain. Cells
"digested" by their own hydrolases--tissue
becomes soft. walled off from healthy tissues,
forming cysts
liquefactive
3 million per cell, thyamine-adenine; cytosine-
guanine
DNA
packages of DNA
chromosomes
small head with flat facial features, slanted eyes;
single crease in palm, heart defects, ALL dementia
(25% 0ver 35); 1/800 babies 5K per year
Downs syndrome
