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Samenvatting - Macroeconomics for AE (6011P0284Y) || UvA Econometrics and Data Science, Actuarial Science

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Deze samenvatting bevat al het materiaal dat nodig is voor het tentamen Macroeconomics in het eerste jaar van de BSc Econometrie en Data Science of BSc Actuarieel Wetenschappen. Gebaseerd op het boek 'Macroeconomics' van N. Gregory Mankiw.

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April 20, 2025
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∑ 𝑃𝑖𝑄𝑖 = BBP
𝑖


Nominaal BBP: PtYt = ∑pi,t qi,t
𝑖


Reëel BBP: Yt = ∑pi,0 qi,t
𝑖
Kettinggewogen reëel BBP:
-​ Groeivoet reëel BBP tussen t en t+1 in prijzen periode t
-​ Groeivoet reëel BBP tussen t en t+1 in prijzen periode t+1
-​ Gemiddelde nemen

π = (Pt - Pt-1) / (Pt-1) = ΔPt / Pt-1
∑𝑝𝑖,𝑡 𝑞𝑖,𝑡
BBP-deflator: Pt = (nominaal BBP in t) / (reëel BBP in t) = 𝑖


∑𝑝𝑖,0 𝑞𝑖,𝑡
𝑖


∑𝑝𝑖,𝑡 𝑞𝑖,0
Consumentenprijsindex (CPI): Pt = (prijs goederenkorf in t) / (prijs zelfde korf in basisperiode) = 𝑖


∑𝑝𝑖,0 𝑞𝑖,0
𝑖

L=E+U​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
u = U / L​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
p = L / (bevolking op arbeidsleeftijd)​ ​ ​
e = E / (bevolking op arbeidsleeftijd)​

rt ≈ it - πt+1


t t+1

r 1 korf (Pt * (1 + it))/Pt+1

i €Pt €Pt * (1 + it)


Y = C + I + G = Y = C + c ( Y - T) + I - b * r + G

Spr = Y - T - C
Spub = T - G
S==Y-C-G


NL VS

ε 1 korf (P * e) / (P*)

e €P $P * e


M1 = C(ash) + D(eposito’s)

,B=C+R
M1 = m * B
M1 = C + D

M1 / B = (C + D) / (C + R) = (C/D + 1) / (C/D + R/D) = (cr + 1) / (cr + rr) = m

M*V=P*Y
M / P = reële geldhoeveelheid

ΔM/M = ΔP/P + ΔY/Y

it = ret + πet+1

ΔUt+1 = s * Et - f * Ut = s * L - ( s + f ) * Ut
Δut+1​ = s - ( s + f ) * ut = ( s + f ) [ ( s / ( s + f ) ) - ut ]

Wet van Okun: ΔYt+1 / Yt ≈ ΔYn, t+1 / Yn, t - 2 * Δut+1 ≈ 3% - 2 * Δut+1



Keynes 45° (focus goederenmarkt)
E=Y=C+c(Y+T)+G+I-b*r
i = exogeen = r

Multiplier: 1 / ( 1 - c )




Liquiditeitspreferentie model (focus geldmarkt)
PB = F / ( 1 + YTM )

P exogeen
π=0
Y exogeen

( M / P )s = ( M / P )d
M/P=L+k*Y-m*i

,IS-LM model (evenwicht goederenmarkt en geldmarkt gesloten economie)
Evenwicht als:
-​ Y = C + c * ( Y - T ) + I - b * i + G
-​ M / P = L + k * Y - m * i




Opties:
-​ M constant
-​ M aanpassen, i constant
-​ M aanpassen, Y constant (voorkeur)

Fiscale expansie:




Monetaire expansie:




Stijging van P:

, Mundell-Fleming model / IS*-LM* model (evenwicht goederenmarkt en geldmarkt
kleine open economie)
r = r* = i = i* ​ (π = 0)
P en P* exogeen

IS* curve: Y = C + c ( Y - T ) + I - b * i* + G + NX - d’ * e
d’ = d * P / P* > 0




LM* curve: M / P = L + k * Y - m * i




Opties:
-​ Vlottende wisselkoersen
-​ Vaste wisselkoersen

Fiscale expansie:

vlottende​ ​ ​ vaste




Monetaire expansie:

vlottende​ ​ ​ vaste
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