NSG320 Exam 3 Questions solved 100% Correct
total perenteral nutrition (TPN)
entire nutrition is inside an IV bag and goes right into the blood
what line is TPN given through
given CENTRAL LINE! not peripheral IV
when are is central line feeding usually given
to a client who is NPO (patients with pancreatitis and crohns)
How should TPN be administered and stopped?
start and stop SLOW and GRADUALLY
patients receiving TPN are at high risk for
hyper or hypoglycemia
how often should TPN tubing be changed?
every 24 hours
what should the nurse do if the TPN bag is almost empty, but the next bag is not ready..
Hang 10% dextrose water (to help avoid hypoglycemia)
nursing care for TPN
-daily weights
-monitor electrolytes and I&Os
-monitor GLUCOSE LEVELS
signs of hyperglycemia
Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, nausea, HA, abdominal pain
enteral feeding
,Nutrients supplied to the gastrointestinal tract orally or by feeding tube (NGT, PEG, G-Tube)
Complications of enteral feeding
-tube displacement
-clogged tubes
-aspiration
-abdominal distention
Refeeding syndrome
happens within 24-48 hours of starting enteral or parenteral nutrition; giving too much
nutrition in a short amount of time
Refeeding Syndrome S/S
24-48hrs of therapy d/t fluid shifts: bradypnea, lethargy, confusion, weakness
how to avoid refeeding syndrome
give GRADUALLY
increase calories SLOWLY
gastritis
inflammation/irritation of the lining of the stomach
GERD
esophageal irritation by stomach acid that travels into the esophagus
if GERD is not treated what can it lead to...
barretts esophagus
Peptic Ulcer Disease
open sores/ulcers in the lining of stomach or small intestine
gastric vs duodenal ulcers
, Gastric = ulcer in the stomach; Duodenal = ulcer in the small intestine
S/S of GERD
-dyspepsia "heartburn"
diet considerationf for GERD and PUD
-avoid eating fried and fatty foods, citrus, dairy, chocolate, peppermint/spearmint, caffeine
(coffee)
-avoid spicy food
-no alcohol
-no caffeine
-no cigarettes
education for GERD
-no cigarettes and alcohol
-avoid eating before laying down (3 hours after meals)
-elevate HOB at night
-eat small meals (no bedtime snacks unless it is 3 hours before bedtime)
common treatment for GERD
-antacids
-H2 blockers
-PPIs
antacid administration teaching
always take 1 hour before or after other medications, NEVER TOGETHER
when should H2 blockers and PPIs be taken?
take 30 minutes before meals
what diagnostic assessment is done to determine the function of the LES
total perenteral nutrition (TPN)
entire nutrition is inside an IV bag and goes right into the blood
what line is TPN given through
given CENTRAL LINE! not peripheral IV
when are is central line feeding usually given
to a client who is NPO (patients with pancreatitis and crohns)
How should TPN be administered and stopped?
start and stop SLOW and GRADUALLY
patients receiving TPN are at high risk for
hyper or hypoglycemia
how often should TPN tubing be changed?
every 24 hours
what should the nurse do if the TPN bag is almost empty, but the next bag is not ready..
Hang 10% dextrose water (to help avoid hypoglycemia)
nursing care for TPN
-daily weights
-monitor electrolytes and I&Os
-monitor GLUCOSE LEVELS
signs of hyperglycemia
Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, nausea, HA, abdominal pain
enteral feeding
,Nutrients supplied to the gastrointestinal tract orally or by feeding tube (NGT, PEG, G-Tube)
Complications of enteral feeding
-tube displacement
-clogged tubes
-aspiration
-abdominal distention
Refeeding syndrome
happens within 24-48 hours of starting enteral or parenteral nutrition; giving too much
nutrition in a short amount of time
Refeeding Syndrome S/S
24-48hrs of therapy d/t fluid shifts: bradypnea, lethargy, confusion, weakness
how to avoid refeeding syndrome
give GRADUALLY
increase calories SLOWLY
gastritis
inflammation/irritation of the lining of the stomach
GERD
esophageal irritation by stomach acid that travels into the esophagus
if GERD is not treated what can it lead to...
barretts esophagus
Peptic Ulcer Disease
open sores/ulcers in the lining of stomach or small intestine
gastric vs duodenal ulcers
, Gastric = ulcer in the stomach; Duodenal = ulcer in the small intestine
S/S of GERD
-dyspepsia "heartburn"
diet considerationf for GERD and PUD
-avoid eating fried and fatty foods, citrus, dairy, chocolate, peppermint/spearmint, caffeine
(coffee)
-avoid spicy food
-no alcohol
-no caffeine
-no cigarettes
education for GERD
-no cigarettes and alcohol
-avoid eating before laying down (3 hours after meals)
-elevate HOB at night
-eat small meals (no bedtime snacks unless it is 3 hours before bedtime)
common treatment for GERD
-antacids
-H2 blockers
-PPIs
antacid administration teaching
always take 1 hour before or after other medications, NEVER TOGETHER
when should H2 blockers and PPIs be taken?
take 30 minutes before meals
what diagnostic assessment is done to determine the function of the LES
