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Exam (elaborations)

PRSA APR THEORIES AND MODELS QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS

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PRSA APR THEORIES AND MODELS QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS












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Uploaded on
April 20, 2025
Number of pages
45
Written in
2024/2025
Type
Exam (elaborations)
Contains
Questions & answers

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1 of 56

Definition



our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to
maximize benefits and minimize costs



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attribution theory equity theory

, working theory social exchange theory


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2 of 56

Definition


Inconsistencies between attitudes and actions drive (motivate) people
to change what they think/believe. The goal is to achieve consistency
between expressed opinions and actions. Major theorists: Heider,
Newcomb, Osgood, Festinger. AKA Balance, symmetry theory of
interpersonal action, congruity, cognitive dissonance



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Agenda setting theory Attribution theory




Cognitive dual processing Cognitive consistency theories


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3 of 56

Definition



Transfer of attributes (or frames) describing a person, issue or topic
from media to audience. News stories, for example, describe a political

,candidate in a certain way. News consumers begin to use those
attributes to describe the candidate.



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Public opinion process Crisis testing




Framing/second-level agenda
Agenda setting theory
setting


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4 of 56

Definition


AKA Communication Process Model


Looks at the social environment, the context of relationships and the
frame of reference.


Identify people in your organization in the A and B roles of this
diagram. What are differences in their frames of reference? Where is
the common ground? How are their social environments different or
the same? Consider their cultures, customs, languages, occupations
and demographics that make a difference



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, Wilbur Schramm's Model Identification Theory




Eugene White's Model Aristotle's Model


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5 of 56

Definition



the idea that media's influence on people's behavior is limited by
opinion leaders—people who initially consume media content,
interpret it in light of their own values and beliefs, and then pass it on
to opinion followers, who have less frequent contact with media. (Paul
Lazersfield then Elihu Katz)



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Two-Step Flow Theory Media Dependency Theory




Cultivation Theory Agenda Setting Theory


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6 of 56

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