MT AAB Chemistry Exam 2025 With
100% Correct Answers
chromatography - correct answers ✔✔components of a sample mixture are separated as a
result of their differential distribution between stationary and mobile phases (planar or column)
retention time - correct answers ✔✔amount of time a compound spends in stationary phase;
time when a solute exits the column and passes through the detector
resolution - correct answers ✔✔measure of chromatographic separation; requires that two
peaks have different elution times for the peak centers and narrow bandwidth to eliminate or
minimize overlap
ion exchange chromatography - correct answers ✔✔separation based on exchange of ions
between surface and eluents; separation of amino acids, glycated hemoglobin, hemoglobin
variants, oligonucleotides
partition chromatography - correct answers ✔✔separation based on solute partitioning
between two liquid phases
adsorption chromatography - correct answers ✔✔a separation technique in which a solute
equilibrates between the eluent and the surface of a finely divided adsorbed solid; series of
adsorption/desorption steps
size exclusion chromatography - correct answers ✔✔relies on porous beads; larger molecules
elute first because they are not trapped in small pores, separation is based on molecular size;
often used to separate proteins/nucleic acids from salts/oligonucleotides
,affinity chromatography - correct answers ✔✔one component of highly specific molecular
interaction pairs is immobilized in a stationary phase and is used to capture molecules from the
mobile phase; bound components are retained; offers great specificity
planar chromatography - correct answers ✔✔stationary phase is coated on a sheet of paper or
bound to a solid surface; sample is applied to the plate, and migration is measured by Rf value
(distance from application point to solute center/" " to mobile phase front)
column chromatography - correct answers ✔✔the stationary phase is held in a narrow tube and
the mobile phase (gas or liquid) is forced through the tube under pressure or by gravity
mass spectrometry - correct answers ✔✔the study of matter through the formation of gas-
phase ions that are characterized using mass spectrometers by their mass, charge, structure,
and/or physio-chemical properties
mass spectrometer - correct answers ✔✔ionizes a target molecule, then separates and
measures the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of the molecule or its fragments
Beer's Law - correct answers ✔✔concentration of a substance is directly proportional to the
amount of light absorbed
Fluorometry - correct answers ✔✔measurement of emitted fluorescence light (fluorescence
occurs when a molecule absorbs light at one wavelength and reemits light at a longer
wavelength)
Potentiometry - correct answers ✔✔measurement of an electrical potential difference between
two electrodes in an electrochemical cell
Agarose - correct answers ✔✔A polymer made up of sugar molecules that is used as the matrix
in gel electrophoresis for separating analytes
, 3 main steps of electrophoresis - correct answers ✔✔separation, staining detection,
quantification
isoelectric point - correct answers ✔✔Point at which a compound is electrically neutral.
Amphoteric - correct answers ✔✔a substance that can act as both an acid and a base
in serum protein electrophoresis, the greater the charge of the molecule, - correct answers
✔✔the faster it will migrate
aldehyde - correct answers ✔✔Carbonyl group at the end of a carbon skeleton bonded to
hydrogen and an R group
carbohydrate - correct answers ✔✔compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
atoms; major source of energy for the human body; includes glucose and ribose/deoxyribose
sugars
Cori Cycle - correct answers ✔✔the cycle of lactate to glucose between the muscle and liver
ketone - correct answers ✔✔R-C=O-R
glycolysis - correct answers ✔✔conversion of glucose to pyruvate or lactate
most widely used cutoff for hypoglycemia - correct answers ✔✔50 mg/dL (blood glucose
concentration)
100% Correct Answers
chromatography - correct answers ✔✔components of a sample mixture are separated as a
result of their differential distribution between stationary and mobile phases (planar or column)
retention time - correct answers ✔✔amount of time a compound spends in stationary phase;
time when a solute exits the column and passes through the detector
resolution - correct answers ✔✔measure of chromatographic separation; requires that two
peaks have different elution times for the peak centers and narrow bandwidth to eliminate or
minimize overlap
ion exchange chromatography - correct answers ✔✔separation based on exchange of ions
between surface and eluents; separation of amino acids, glycated hemoglobin, hemoglobin
variants, oligonucleotides
partition chromatography - correct answers ✔✔separation based on solute partitioning
between two liquid phases
adsorption chromatography - correct answers ✔✔a separation technique in which a solute
equilibrates between the eluent and the surface of a finely divided adsorbed solid; series of
adsorption/desorption steps
size exclusion chromatography - correct answers ✔✔relies on porous beads; larger molecules
elute first because they are not trapped in small pores, separation is based on molecular size;
often used to separate proteins/nucleic acids from salts/oligonucleotides
,affinity chromatography - correct answers ✔✔one component of highly specific molecular
interaction pairs is immobilized in a stationary phase and is used to capture molecules from the
mobile phase; bound components are retained; offers great specificity
planar chromatography - correct answers ✔✔stationary phase is coated on a sheet of paper or
bound to a solid surface; sample is applied to the plate, and migration is measured by Rf value
(distance from application point to solute center/" " to mobile phase front)
column chromatography - correct answers ✔✔the stationary phase is held in a narrow tube and
the mobile phase (gas or liquid) is forced through the tube under pressure or by gravity
mass spectrometry - correct answers ✔✔the study of matter through the formation of gas-
phase ions that are characterized using mass spectrometers by their mass, charge, structure,
and/or physio-chemical properties
mass spectrometer - correct answers ✔✔ionizes a target molecule, then separates and
measures the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of the molecule or its fragments
Beer's Law - correct answers ✔✔concentration of a substance is directly proportional to the
amount of light absorbed
Fluorometry - correct answers ✔✔measurement of emitted fluorescence light (fluorescence
occurs when a molecule absorbs light at one wavelength and reemits light at a longer
wavelength)
Potentiometry - correct answers ✔✔measurement of an electrical potential difference between
two electrodes in an electrochemical cell
Agarose - correct answers ✔✔A polymer made up of sugar molecules that is used as the matrix
in gel electrophoresis for separating analytes
, 3 main steps of electrophoresis - correct answers ✔✔separation, staining detection,
quantification
isoelectric point - correct answers ✔✔Point at which a compound is electrically neutral.
Amphoteric - correct answers ✔✔a substance that can act as both an acid and a base
in serum protein electrophoresis, the greater the charge of the molecule, - correct answers
✔✔the faster it will migrate
aldehyde - correct answers ✔✔Carbonyl group at the end of a carbon skeleton bonded to
hydrogen and an R group
carbohydrate - correct answers ✔✔compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
atoms; major source of energy for the human body; includes glucose and ribose/deoxyribose
sugars
Cori Cycle - correct answers ✔✔the cycle of lactate to glucose between the muscle and liver
ketone - correct answers ✔✔R-C=O-R
glycolysis - correct answers ✔✔conversion of glucose to pyruvate or lactate
most widely used cutoff for hypoglycemia - correct answers ✔✔50 mg/dL (blood glucose
concentration)
