Tissues- MGCCC Exam Questions And
Correct Answers A+ Solution Guide New
Update
Simple Epithelium - Answer - ✔✔ Specialized for absorption or filtration and located in a
region of the body with little wear and tear. Arranged in a single layer.
Stratified Epithelium - Answer - ✔✔ Not specialized for absorption or filtration and
located in an area with a high degree of wear and tear, stacked in several layers.
Psuedostratified - Answer - ✔✔ Less common, has only 1 layer of cells, but some cells
fail to reach the surface, which gives the tissues a multi-layered appearance. Also, the
nuclei in each cell are not at the same level in the cell contributing to a multi layered
effect.
Simple Squamous - Answer - ✔✔ A single layer of flat, scale-like cells resembling a tiled
floor. These cells are found where diffusion and osmosis occur to a high degree. Lungs,
kidneys, heart, line the heart, blood and lymph vessels, form walls of capillaries
(endothelium), forms epithelial layer of serous membranes (mesothelium).
Simple Cuboidal - Answer - ✔✔ Cube shaped, functions in secretion and absorption,
found in lining the surface of ovaries, lens of the eye, retina, kidneys, gland ducts.
Simple Columnar - Answer - ✔✔ Rectangular shaped, lines the digestive tract,
gallbladder, gland ducts, lungs, uterus and spinal cord. Goblet cells secrete mucous:
lubricated, carries foreign particles. Cilia found in upper respiratory tract, eliminated
foreign particles from lungs.
Stratified Squamous - Answer - ✔✔ Friction, hands and feet. Near surface of skin, flat
appearance. Deeper skin layers cary in shape, cuboidal to columnar. Basal cells move
to surface of skin, cut off from blood supply and die/rubbed off surface. Nonkeratinized-
found on wet surfaces, wear and tear (lining of mouth, tongue, esophagus, vagina).
Keratinized- contain keratin, water proof protein resistant to friction, tough layer.
Stratified Columnar - Answer - ✔✔ Also rare, functions in protection and absorption
(milk ducts in mammary glands.
Glandular Epithelium - Answer - ✔✔ Composed of glands that secrete various products
into the body. Secrete into ducts, surfaces of blood.
, Exocrine Glands - Answer - ✔✔ Secrete their products into ducts or a free surface
(mucous, sweat, oil, wax, digestive enzymes) sweat glands, salivary glands, goblet
cells.
Holocrine- sebum dies.
Merocrine- cell does not die (salivary gland)
Apocrine- accumulate the secretory product at the apical end, pinches off, cell repairs
itself and repeats the process (mammary glands).
Endocrine Glands - Answer - ✔✔ Ductless and release their products directly into the
blood. (Hormones- chemicals that regulate various physiological functions.)
Connective Tissue - Answer - ✔✔ Most abundant tissue in the body. Binding and
supporting tissue without good blood supply. Cells are widely scattered, rather than
closely packed and there is considerable intercellular matrix. Matrix is non-living and
may be a fluid, semi-fluid, mucoid or fibrous. In cartilage the matrix is firm, but pliable. In
the bone it is harder and not pliable.
Embryonic Connective Tissue - Answer - ✔✔ Connective tissue that is found in a
developing embryo. Mesenchyme (tissue from which all other connective tissue arises).
Wharton's Jelly- located inside the umbilical cord where it supports the wall.
Areolar (loose ordinary) - Answer - ✔✔ Loose ordinary- abundant in humans, consists
of various types of fibers and cells embedded in the matrix. The matrix of areolar is
hyaluronic acid (helps with the passage of nutrients in and out of the cell). 3 types of
fibers, collagenous, elastic, reticular.
Fibroblasts - Answer - ✔✔ large cells with branching processes that form new fibers and
matrix- called fibrocytes when mature.
Macrophages - Answer - ✔✔ WBCs capable of engulfing bacteria and cellular debris-
derived from monocytes. (A type of WBC)
Plasma Cells - Answer - ✔✔ Give rise to antibodies, which attack antigens that enter
the body- arise from lymphocytes.
Mast Cells - Answer - ✔✔ Produce heparin that prevents blood from clotting in the
vessels. Also produce histamine and serotonin (dilate blood vessels- develop from
basophils)
Adipose - Answer - ✔✔ Fat- contained in adipocytes specialized for storing energy.
Adipocytes have a "signet ring" shape where the cell's nucleus and cytoplasm are
pushed to the edge of the cell by a large fat droplet.
Dense Connective Tissue - Answer - ✔✔ Has a closer, more dense packing of fibers
than areolar and less matrix. Dense fibers may be irregularly or regularly arranged.
Correct Answers A+ Solution Guide New
Update
Simple Epithelium - Answer - ✔✔ Specialized for absorption or filtration and located in a
region of the body with little wear and tear. Arranged in a single layer.
Stratified Epithelium - Answer - ✔✔ Not specialized for absorption or filtration and
located in an area with a high degree of wear and tear, stacked in several layers.
Psuedostratified - Answer - ✔✔ Less common, has only 1 layer of cells, but some cells
fail to reach the surface, which gives the tissues a multi-layered appearance. Also, the
nuclei in each cell are not at the same level in the cell contributing to a multi layered
effect.
Simple Squamous - Answer - ✔✔ A single layer of flat, scale-like cells resembling a tiled
floor. These cells are found where diffusion and osmosis occur to a high degree. Lungs,
kidneys, heart, line the heart, blood and lymph vessels, form walls of capillaries
(endothelium), forms epithelial layer of serous membranes (mesothelium).
Simple Cuboidal - Answer - ✔✔ Cube shaped, functions in secretion and absorption,
found in lining the surface of ovaries, lens of the eye, retina, kidneys, gland ducts.
Simple Columnar - Answer - ✔✔ Rectangular shaped, lines the digestive tract,
gallbladder, gland ducts, lungs, uterus and spinal cord. Goblet cells secrete mucous:
lubricated, carries foreign particles. Cilia found in upper respiratory tract, eliminated
foreign particles from lungs.
Stratified Squamous - Answer - ✔✔ Friction, hands and feet. Near surface of skin, flat
appearance. Deeper skin layers cary in shape, cuboidal to columnar. Basal cells move
to surface of skin, cut off from blood supply and die/rubbed off surface. Nonkeratinized-
found on wet surfaces, wear and tear (lining of mouth, tongue, esophagus, vagina).
Keratinized- contain keratin, water proof protein resistant to friction, tough layer.
Stratified Columnar - Answer - ✔✔ Also rare, functions in protection and absorption
(milk ducts in mammary glands.
Glandular Epithelium - Answer - ✔✔ Composed of glands that secrete various products
into the body. Secrete into ducts, surfaces of blood.
, Exocrine Glands - Answer - ✔✔ Secrete their products into ducts or a free surface
(mucous, sweat, oil, wax, digestive enzymes) sweat glands, salivary glands, goblet
cells.
Holocrine- sebum dies.
Merocrine- cell does not die (salivary gland)
Apocrine- accumulate the secretory product at the apical end, pinches off, cell repairs
itself and repeats the process (mammary glands).
Endocrine Glands - Answer - ✔✔ Ductless and release their products directly into the
blood. (Hormones- chemicals that regulate various physiological functions.)
Connective Tissue - Answer - ✔✔ Most abundant tissue in the body. Binding and
supporting tissue without good blood supply. Cells are widely scattered, rather than
closely packed and there is considerable intercellular matrix. Matrix is non-living and
may be a fluid, semi-fluid, mucoid or fibrous. In cartilage the matrix is firm, but pliable. In
the bone it is harder and not pliable.
Embryonic Connective Tissue - Answer - ✔✔ Connective tissue that is found in a
developing embryo. Mesenchyme (tissue from which all other connective tissue arises).
Wharton's Jelly- located inside the umbilical cord where it supports the wall.
Areolar (loose ordinary) - Answer - ✔✔ Loose ordinary- abundant in humans, consists
of various types of fibers and cells embedded in the matrix. The matrix of areolar is
hyaluronic acid (helps with the passage of nutrients in and out of the cell). 3 types of
fibers, collagenous, elastic, reticular.
Fibroblasts - Answer - ✔✔ large cells with branching processes that form new fibers and
matrix- called fibrocytes when mature.
Macrophages - Answer - ✔✔ WBCs capable of engulfing bacteria and cellular debris-
derived from monocytes. (A type of WBC)
Plasma Cells - Answer - ✔✔ Give rise to antibodies, which attack antigens that enter
the body- arise from lymphocytes.
Mast Cells - Answer - ✔✔ Produce heparin that prevents blood from clotting in the
vessels. Also produce histamine and serotonin (dilate blood vessels- develop from
basophils)
Adipose - Answer - ✔✔ Fat- contained in adipocytes specialized for storing energy.
Adipocytes have a "signet ring" shape where the cell's nucleus and cytoplasm are
pushed to the edge of the cell by a large fat droplet.
Dense Connective Tissue - Answer - ✔✔ Has a closer, more dense packing of fibers
than areolar and less matrix. Dense fibers may be irregularly or regularly arranged.
