TEXES JOURNALISM 7- 12 TEST STUDY QUESTIONS
Mass Media - Answers :Mass communications informs its audience; in addition, it
persuades, entertains, and transmits culture.
- It plays an important role in establishing and reflecting public opinion.
JOHN PETER ZENGER AND FREEDOM OF THE PRESS - Answers :an 18th-century
publisher and printer, was arrested in 1734, after William Cosby, the colonial governor
of New York, became angry at criticisms of Cosby published in Zenger's newspaper, the
New York Weekly Journal.
- Zenger spent 8 months in Jail. Andrew Hamilton defended him and Zenger was not
found guilty of libel
FIRST AMENDMENT - Answers :Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the
freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble,
and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.
BROADCAST-NEWS STORY - Answers :A reporter must take a different approach to
writing copy for a televised or radio news story than for a print story. Broadcast copy is
written to be spoken; in contrast, consumers silently read print copy.
INTERNET FOR JOURNALISM - Answers :has several advantages: capacity, flexibility,
permanence, immediacy, and interactivity
- It has different formats online such as: Photographs, Videos, Audio, Graphics, and
Text
MEDIA CONSOLIDATION - Answers :The trend toward a few large corporations owning
most of the media outlets in the country. This causes divided loyalties for advertisers
and sponsors
JOHANN GUTENBERG - Answers :inventor of the printing press.
_ This allowed mass Production of books/newspapers and the start of mass media
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN - Answers :He was an editor and printer for the Pennsylvania
Gazette
_ He also Purchased the Gazette in 1729 the Gazette Printed the first Political cartoon
in America
FREDERICK DOUGLASS - Answers :became a leader in the abolitionist movement in
the United States.
,- His primary contribution to journalism was as publisher of the North Star, a newspaper
published from 1847 to 1851.
JOSEPH PULITZER - Answers :- He was a Publisher of the New York World
- Introduced two conflicting styles of Journalism ( New Journalism, Yellow Journalism)
Nellie Bly (Elizabeth Cochrane) - Answers :Went undercover as a mentally ill person in
a Mental institution, which allowed her to uncover the truth about asylums
Edward R.Murrow - Answers :Known for his radio reports from Europe during WWII
- First Journalist that transition from radio to broadcast journalism
- also know for campaign against communist and socialist acts that happened in the U.S
by Joseph McCarthy which was later called McCarthyism
KATHARINE GRAHAM - Answers :1970's. publisher of the Washington post, coverage
of watergate eventually led to resignation of Nixon
BARBARA WALTERS - Answers :Worked for NBC's Today show before joining ABC.
Hosted specials featuring in-depth interviews with celebrities, politicians, and other
famous people.
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) - Answers :A 1966 law that allows full or partial
disclosure of U.S government Documents
Tinker vs. Des Moines Independent School District - Answers :Iowa students wore black
armbands to protest the Vietnam wore. The case allowed students to use freedom of
speech as long as it doesn't disrupts class
GINSBERG v. New York // Obscenity - Answers :Man is convicted for selling "girlie
magazines" to a minor, not obscene to adults
- this case shows that some images or obscene to minors but not adults
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan - Answers :1964 A public official or public figure suing a
publisher for libel must prove that the publisher published the libelous story knowing it
was false and in actual Malice
PENNY PRESS - Answers :Newspapers that, because of technological innovations in
printing, were able to drop their price to one cent, therefore making papers affordable to
working and middle classes and enabled newspapers to become a genuine mass
medium
, YELLOW JOURNALISM - Answers :Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates
the news to create sensations and attract readers
RADIO - Answers :was the dominant mass communication medium from the 1920s to
the early 1950s. Used extensively by armed forces during World War I, radio became
enormously popular following the war. By early 1922, one million radio sets were in use
in the United States.
TELEVISION - Answers :supplanted radio as the dominant mass communication
medium after World War II. The NBC network introduced the first regularly scheduled
news show (The Camel Newsreel Theatre)
-in 1948; the 10-minute program showed newsreels from Movietone News.
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier - Answers :1988 - Under the First Amendment,
school officials can censor non-forum student newspapers when they can justify their
decision by stating an educational purpose. However, this decision does not allow
school officials to censor articles wantonly or based on personal opinion.
shield laws - Answers :state laws that protect journalists from having to reveal their
sources
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR - Answers :Organizations can serve a primarily social-
cultural purpose, such as schools, museums, churches; a primarily economic purpose,
such as manufacturing and service industries, retailers, and banks; or exist in order to
maintain order
POLITICAL JOURNALISM - Answers :The early form of is Common Sense by Thomas
Pain
FAIR USE - Answers :an element of U.S. copyright law that allows limited use of
material without requiring the permission of the copyright holder.
FREEDOM OF THE PRESS - Answers :the right of journalists to publish the truth
without restriction or penalty but also allows for anyone to make a blog and give their
opinions
PRIOR RESTRAINT - Answers :government censorship of information before it is
published or broadcast (Mainly use during War or Military Secrets)
ABSOLUTE AND QUALIFIED PRIVILEGE - Answers :One applies to information
acquired from court documents, Police reports, and other sources on public record
The other can be used as a defense when a reporter is covering a trial when publishing
testimony and statements during a trial
Mass Media - Answers :Mass communications informs its audience; in addition, it
persuades, entertains, and transmits culture.
- It plays an important role in establishing and reflecting public opinion.
JOHN PETER ZENGER AND FREEDOM OF THE PRESS - Answers :an 18th-century
publisher and printer, was arrested in 1734, after William Cosby, the colonial governor
of New York, became angry at criticisms of Cosby published in Zenger's newspaper, the
New York Weekly Journal.
- Zenger spent 8 months in Jail. Andrew Hamilton defended him and Zenger was not
found guilty of libel
FIRST AMENDMENT - Answers :Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the
freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble,
and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.
BROADCAST-NEWS STORY - Answers :A reporter must take a different approach to
writing copy for a televised or radio news story than for a print story. Broadcast copy is
written to be spoken; in contrast, consumers silently read print copy.
INTERNET FOR JOURNALISM - Answers :has several advantages: capacity, flexibility,
permanence, immediacy, and interactivity
- It has different formats online such as: Photographs, Videos, Audio, Graphics, and
Text
MEDIA CONSOLIDATION - Answers :The trend toward a few large corporations owning
most of the media outlets in the country. This causes divided loyalties for advertisers
and sponsors
JOHANN GUTENBERG - Answers :inventor of the printing press.
_ This allowed mass Production of books/newspapers and the start of mass media
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN - Answers :He was an editor and printer for the Pennsylvania
Gazette
_ He also Purchased the Gazette in 1729 the Gazette Printed the first Political cartoon
in America
FREDERICK DOUGLASS - Answers :became a leader in the abolitionist movement in
the United States.
,- His primary contribution to journalism was as publisher of the North Star, a newspaper
published from 1847 to 1851.
JOSEPH PULITZER - Answers :- He was a Publisher of the New York World
- Introduced two conflicting styles of Journalism ( New Journalism, Yellow Journalism)
Nellie Bly (Elizabeth Cochrane) - Answers :Went undercover as a mentally ill person in
a Mental institution, which allowed her to uncover the truth about asylums
Edward R.Murrow - Answers :Known for his radio reports from Europe during WWII
- First Journalist that transition from radio to broadcast journalism
- also know for campaign against communist and socialist acts that happened in the U.S
by Joseph McCarthy which was later called McCarthyism
KATHARINE GRAHAM - Answers :1970's. publisher of the Washington post, coverage
of watergate eventually led to resignation of Nixon
BARBARA WALTERS - Answers :Worked for NBC's Today show before joining ABC.
Hosted specials featuring in-depth interviews with celebrities, politicians, and other
famous people.
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) - Answers :A 1966 law that allows full or partial
disclosure of U.S government Documents
Tinker vs. Des Moines Independent School District - Answers :Iowa students wore black
armbands to protest the Vietnam wore. The case allowed students to use freedom of
speech as long as it doesn't disrupts class
GINSBERG v. New York // Obscenity - Answers :Man is convicted for selling "girlie
magazines" to a minor, not obscene to adults
- this case shows that some images or obscene to minors but not adults
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan - Answers :1964 A public official or public figure suing a
publisher for libel must prove that the publisher published the libelous story knowing it
was false and in actual Malice
PENNY PRESS - Answers :Newspapers that, because of technological innovations in
printing, were able to drop their price to one cent, therefore making papers affordable to
working and middle classes and enabled newspapers to become a genuine mass
medium
, YELLOW JOURNALISM - Answers :Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates
the news to create sensations and attract readers
RADIO - Answers :was the dominant mass communication medium from the 1920s to
the early 1950s. Used extensively by armed forces during World War I, radio became
enormously popular following the war. By early 1922, one million radio sets were in use
in the United States.
TELEVISION - Answers :supplanted radio as the dominant mass communication
medium after World War II. The NBC network introduced the first regularly scheduled
news show (The Camel Newsreel Theatre)
-in 1948; the 10-minute program showed newsreels from Movietone News.
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier - Answers :1988 - Under the First Amendment,
school officials can censor non-forum student newspapers when they can justify their
decision by stating an educational purpose. However, this decision does not allow
school officials to censor articles wantonly or based on personal opinion.
shield laws - Answers :state laws that protect journalists from having to reveal their
sources
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR - Answers :Organizations can serve a primarily social-
cultural purpose, such as schools, museums, churches; a primarily economic purpose,
such as manufacturing and service industries, retailers, and banks; or exist in order to
maintain order
POLITICAL JOURNALISM - Answers :The early form of is Common Sense by Thomas
Pain
FAIR USE - Answers :an element of U.S. copyright law that allows limited use of
material without requiring the permission of the copyright holder.
FREEDOM OF THE PRESS - Answers :the right of journalists to publish the truth
without restriction or penalty but also allows for anyone to make a blog and give their
opinions
PRIOR RESTRAINT - Answers :government censorship of information before it is
published or broadcast (Mainly use during War or Military Secrets)
ABSOLUTE AND QUALIFIED PRIVILEGE - Answers :One applies to information
acquired from court documents, Police reports, and other sources on public record
The other can be used as a defense when a reporter is covering a trial when publishing
testimony and statements during a trial
