PTA NPTE EXAM (CARDIOVASCULAR/PULMONARY)
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!!
, Apex - ANSWER lowest part of heart formed by inferolateral part of the left ventricle
Base - ANSWER Upper border of heart involving the LA, RA, and proximal greater
vessels
Endocardium - ANSWER Endothelial tissues lining the interior chambers and valves
Myocardium - ANSWER Thick contractile Middle layer of muscle cells that form the bulk
of the wall
Epicardium - ANSWER Serous layer of pericardium that contains epicardial coronary
arteries and veins, autonomic nerves, and lymphatics
Pericardium - ANSWER Double walled connective tissue sac that surrounds the outside
of the heart and the great vessels
Aorta - ANSWER Largest artery and central conduit of blood from the heart to the body.
Begins in the upper left ventricle, descends into the thorax (thoracic aorta), then into the
abdominal cavity ( abdominal aorta)
Superior vena cava - ANSWER Vein returns venous blood from the head neck arms to
the R atrium
Inferior vena cava - ANSWER Veinr eturns blood from the lower body to RA
Pulmonary Arteries - ANSWER carry deoxygenated blood to the R ventricle and L and
R lungs
Pulmonary veins - ANSWER Cary oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
Blood Flow path - ANSWER Venous blood from Superior and Inferior vena cava enters
RA, Tricuspid valve, Closes, RV contracts into pulmonary valve, trunk, then arteries to
RL lungs, Oxygenated blood returns to LA, Mitral valve, LV contraction to the aortic
valve, body
Sinoatrial node - ANSWER pacemaker of the heart and part of the cardiac conduction
system along with the Atrioventricular node
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!!
, Apex - ANSWER lowest part of heart formed by inferolateral part of the left ventricle
Base - ANSWER Upper border of heart involving the LA, RA, and proximal greater
vessels
Endocardium - ANSWER Endothelial tissues lining the interior chambers and valves
Myocardium - ANSWER Thick contractile Middle layer of muscle cells that form the bulk
of the wall
Epicardium - ANSWER Serous layer of pericardium that contains epicardial coronary
arteries and veins, autonomic nerves, and lymphatics
Pericardium - ANSWER Double walled connective tissue sac that surrounds the outside
of the heart and the great vessels
Aorta - ANSWER Largest artery and central conduit of blood from the heart to the body.
Begins in the upper left ventricle, descends into the thorax (thoracic aorta), then into the
abdominal cavity ( abdominal aorta)
Superior vena cava - ANSWER Vein returns venous blood from the head neck arms to
the R atrium
Inferior vena cava - ANSWER Veinr eturns blood from the lower body to RA
Pulmonary Arteries - ANSWER carry deoxygenated blood to the R ventricle and L and
R lungs
Pulmonary veins - ANSWER Cary oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
Blood Flow path - ANSWER Venous blood from Superior and Inferior vena cava enters
RA, Tricuspid valve, Closes, RV contracts into pulmonary valve, trunk, then arteries to
RL lungs, Oxygenated blood returns to LA, Mitral valve, LV contraction to the aortic
valve, body
Sinoatrial node - ANSWER pacemaker of the heart and part of the cardiac conduction
system along with the Atrioventricular node
