Final Exam AP II- Chapter 25, 27-29, A/P II chapters 23 and 24; urinary system/
fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance, A/P II final exam review, Chapter 18,
A&PII, test 1, set 1, A&P CH 21-23, chpt 24-26, Ch 17-20, Ch 27-29
Which of the following explains the neural mechanism of an erection? - correct answer it is an
autonomic reflex mediated predominately by parasympathetic nerve fibers
____ have 46 chromosomes, where as ___ have 23 - correct answer Primary spermatocytes;
spermatids
At what age does a developing sperm cell begin to grow a tail? - correct answer Spermatid
The gene that codes for the testis-determining factor (TDF) is found in or on the ___ - correct
answer Y chromosome
Sperm cells get energy to power their movement from ___, which is contributed by the ___ -
correct answer fructose, seminal vesicle
Gonads begin to develop ____ weeks after fertilization. - correct answer 5 to 6
____ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ____. - correct answer Luteinizing
hormone (LH); testosterone
Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone? - correct answer Gonadotropin-releasing
hormone (GnRH) secretion
Which of the following are not found in or around the seminiferous tubules? - correct answer
Corpus cavernousum cells
A sperm count any lower than ___ million sperm per mL of semen is usually associated with
infertility (sterility) - correct answer 20 to 25
Where are the follicles located? - correct answer Cortex of the ovary
Which uterine layer is composed of simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands? -
correct answer Endometrium
___ inhibits the secretion of _____ during the female sexual cycle. - correct answer Estradiol
and progesterone; FSH and LH
Which of the following is a part of the internal female genitalia? - correct answer Vagina
____ are found in both male and female external genitalia, but the ___ is/are only found in the
female. - correct answer Corpora cavernosa; vestibular bulbs
,The ___ sometimes expels copious fluid similar to prostatic fluid, which constitutes the female
ejaculate. - correct answer paraurethral glands
Why do pregnant women often have heartburn? - correct answer As the uterus enlarges it
pushes upward on the stomach, causing gastric reflux.
What does the term "menstrual cycle" specifically refer to? - correct answer The cycle changes
in the uterus determined by the shifting
Why is breast milk superior to cow's milk for an infant? - correct answer Cow's milk has too
much protein and minerals in it.
The ___ begins to develop about 11 days after conception, and is the sole source of fetal
nutrition from the end of the week 12 until birth. - correct answer Placenta
Which of the following organ systems shows the greatest anatomical change in the transitional
period after birth? - correct answer Circulatory system
The first 6 week of postpartum life constitute the ____ period. - correct answer Neonatal
The autosomal trisomies involving chromosomes 13, 18, and 21 are survivable. Why would this
be? - correct answer There are relatively gene-poor chromosomes
The digital rays of a fetus give rise to ___. - correct answer Fingers and toes
Regarding fertilization, which of the following events happens first? - correct answer The
acrosomal reaction
The ___ is the embryonic membrane that serves as the origin of the first blood and germ cells -
correct answer Yolk sac
Mesenchyme gives rise to ___. - correct answer muscle, bone, and blood
Which of the following is not a known cause of congenital anomalies? - correct answer Smoking
during lactation
Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) is caused by ____. - correct answer deficiency of
pulmonary surfactant
Lipids are transported to the surface of the intestinal absorptive cells by _____, and are then
processed into ____. - correct answer Micelles; chylomicrons
Which of he following is true regarding the blood =-testis barrier? - correct answer It prevents
antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.
What hormone suppresses spermatogenesis without affecting testosterone secretion? - correct
answer Inhibin
Male infertility (sterility) refers to ___. - correct answer The inability to fertilize an egg
,The penile urethra is enclosed by the ___. - correct answer Corpus spongiosum
The ____ is the gonad and the __ is the gamete. - correct answer Testis; sperm
The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an
erection is known as the ___. - correct answer Corpus spongiosum
The ___ is the site of the sperm maturation and storage. - correct answer Epididymis
The orgasm-emission phase of the male sexual response is stimulated by ___. - correct answer
Efferent sympathetic signals from the lumbar region of the spinal cord.
Between weeks 3 and 8 of development, a developing individual is considered a ___. - correct
answer Embryo
The premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle, which arteries rhythmically constrict and dilate
causing endometrial ischemia? - correct answer Spiral
What structure leads from each ovary to the uterus? - correct answer Uterine tube
Which hormone acts primarily on the uterus? - correct answer progesterone
In early pregnancy, _____ stimulates growth of the corpus luteum? - correct answer Human
chorionic gonadotropin
The appearance of pubic and axillary hair is characteristic of which stage of puberty? - correct
answer Pubarche
Which is the longest stage of labor? - correct answer The dilation stage
During ___, the uterus is tented (erected) and the cervix is withdrawn from the vagina.
Typically, the clitoris and the labia are bright red to violet due to hyperemia. - correct answer
Excitement
The ovum finalizes meiosis ___ - correct answer During fertilization
The observation that there is a limit to how many times a cells can divide is the basis for the ___
theory of senescence. - correct answer Replicative
Which of the following is an androgen? - correct answer Testosterone
When do testes start secreting testosterone? - correct answer In the first trimester of fetal
development.
Changes called male climacteric are a consequence of? - correct answer Decreases secretion of
testosterone
The ___ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra. - correct answer
Bulbourethral gland
, Which of the following is not a change in the male body that results from puberty? - correct
answer These are all changes associated with male puberty
During the plateau phase, the glans and clitoris swell as the ___ arteries dilate and the corpus
or corpora ___ engorge with blood. - correct answer deep; cavernosa
The nonpregnant uterine wall consists mostly of _____, which is composed of ___. - correct
answer Myometrium; bundles of smooth muscle
Contraceptive pills mimic the ____ feedback effects of ____. - correct answer negative;
estrogen and progesterone
How is colostrum different than breast milk? - correct answer It has one-third less fat.
What hormone acts primarily on the uterus? - correct answer Progesterone
What is the earliest sign of puberty in girls? - correct answer Onset of breast development
As it implants, the conceptus is nourished by means of ___. - correct answer Trophoblastic
nutrition
Which of the following systems shows the least overall senscence? - correct answer Endocrine
system
During implantation, the trophoblast divides into a deep layer called ____ which is composed of
individual cells. - correct answer Cytotrophoblast
By the end of 8 weeks, the individual is considered a fetus because ____. - correct answer All of
the organ systems are present
Down syndrome (trisomy-21) results from ____. - correct answer Nondisjunction
The embryonic membranes include all of the following except the ____ - correct answer
Placenta
In fetal circulation, the ____ bypass the liver and the ___ bypass the lungs. - correct answer
Ductus arteriosus; Ductus venosus
Twins produced when a single egg is fertilized are called ___twins. Twins produced from two
eggs ovulated at the same time are called ____ twins. - correct answer Monozygotic; Dizygotic
The haploid (n) results of meiosis I is called a ___. - correct answer Secondary spermatocyte
The acrosome contains enzyme used to___. - correct answer Penetrate barriers surrounding
the ovum
Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic? - correct answer
Enlargement of the breasts
fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance, A/P II final exam review, Chapter 18,
A&PII, test 1, set 1, A&P CH 21-23, chpt 24-26, Ch 17-20, Ch 27-29
Which of the following explains the neural mechanism of an erection? - correct answer it is an
autonomic reflex mediated predominately by parasympathetic nerve fibers
____ have 46 chromosomes, where as ___ have 23 - correct answer Primary spermatocytes;
spermatids
At what age does a developing sperm cell begin to grow a tail? - correct answer Spermatid
The gene that codes for the testis-determining factor (TDF) is found in or on the ___ - correct
answer Y chromosome
Sperm cells get energy to power their movement from ___, which is contributed by the ___ -
correct answer fructose, seminal vesicle
Gonads begin to develop ____ weeks after fertilization. - correct answer 5 to 6
____ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ____. - correct answer Luteinizing
hormone (LH); testosterone
Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone? - correct answer Gonadotropin-releasing
hormone (GnRH) secretion
Which of the following are not found in or around the seminiferous tubules? - correct answer
Corpus cavernousum cells
A sperm count any lower than ___ million sperm per mL of semen is usually associated with
infertility (sterility) - correct answer 20 to 25
Where are the follicles located? - correct answer Cortex of the ovary
Which uterine layer is composed of simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands? -
correct answer Endometrium
___ inhibits the secretion of _____ during the female sexual cycle. - correct answer Estradiol
and progesterone; FSH and LH
Which of the following is a part of the internal female genitalia? - correct answer Vagina
____ are found in both male and female external genitalia, but the ___ is/are only found in the
female. - correct answer Corpora cavernosa; vestibular bulbs
,The ___ sometimes expels copious fluid similar to prostatic fluid, which constitutes the female
ejaculate. - correct answer paraurethral glands
Why do pregnant women often have heartburn? - correct answer As the uterus enlarges it
pushes upward on the stomach, causing gastric reflux.
What does the term "menstrual cycle" specifically refer to? - correct answer The cycle changes
in the uterus determined by the shifting
Why is breast milk superior to cow's milk for an infant? - correct answer Cow's milk has too
much protein and minerals in it.
The ___ begins to develop about 11 days after conception, and is the sole source of fetal
nutrition from the end of the week 12 until birth. - correct answer Placenta
Which of the following organ systems shows the greatest anatomical change in the transitional
period after birth? - correct answer Circulatory system
The first 6 week of postpartum life constitute the ____ period. - correct answer Neonatal
The autosomal trisomies involving chromosomes 13, 18, and 21 are survivable. Why would this
be? - correct answer There are relatively gene-poor chromosomes
The digital rays of a fetus give rise to ___. - correct answer Fingers and toes
Regarding fertilization, which of the following events happens first? - correct answer The
acrosomal reaction
The ___ is the embryonic membrane that serves as the origin of the first blood and germ cells -
correct answer Yolk sac
Mesenchyme gives rise to ___. - correct answer muscle, bone, and blood
Which of the following is not a known cause of congenital anomalies? - correct answer Smoking
during lactation
Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) is caused by ____. - correct answer deficiency of
pulmonary surfactant
Lipids are transported to the surface of the intestinal absorptive cells by _____, and are then
processed into ____. - correct answer Micelles; chylomicrons
Which of he following is true regarding the blood =-testis barrier? - correct answer It prevents
antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.
What hormone suppresses spermatogenesis without affecting testosterone secretion? - correct
answer Inhibin
Male infertility (sterility) refers to ___. - correct answer The inability to fertilize an egg
,The penile urethra is enclosed by the ___. - correct answer Corpus spongiosum
The ____ is the gonad and the __ is the gamete. - correct answer Testis; sperm
The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an
erection is known as the ___. - correct answer Corpus spongiosum
The ___ is the site of the sperm maturation and storage. - correct answer Epididymis
The orgasm-emission phase of the male sexual response is stimulated by ___. - correct answer
Efferent sympathetic signals from the lumbar region of the spinal cord.
Between weeks 3 and 8 of development, a developing individual is considered a ___. - correct
answer Embryo
The premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle, which arteries rhythmically constrict and dilate
causing endometrial ischemia? - correct answer Spiral
What structure leads from each ovary to the uterus? - correct answer Uterine tube
Which hormone acts primarily on the uterus? - correct answer progesterone
In early pregnancy, _____ stimulates growth of the corpus luteum? - correct answer Human
chorionic gonadotropin
The appearance of pubic and axillary hair is characteristic of which stage of puberty? - correct
answer Pubarche
Which is the longest stage of labor? - correct answer The dilation stage
During ___, the uterus is tented (erected) and the cervix is withdrawn from the vagina.
Typically, the clitoris and the labia are bright red to violet due to hyperemia. - correct answer
Excitement
The ovum finalizes meiosis ___ - correct answer During fertilization
The observation that there is a limit to how many times a cells can divide is the basis for the ___
theory of senescence. - correct answer Replicative
Which of the following is an androgen? - correct answer Testosterone
When do testes start secreting testosterone? - correct answer In the first trimester of fetal
development.
Changes called male climacteric are a consequence of? - correct answer Decreases secretion of
testosterone
The ___ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra. - correct answer
Bulbourethral gland
, Which of the following is not a change in the male body that results from puberty? - correct
answer These are all changes associated with male puberty
During the plateau phase, the glans and clitoris swell as the ___ arteries dilate and the corpus
or corpora ___ engorge with blood. - correct answer deep; cavernosa
The nonpregnant uterine wall consists mostly of _____, which is composed of ___. - correct
answer Myometrium; bundles of smooth muscle
Contraceptive pills mimic the ____ feedback effects of ____. - correct answer negative;
estrogen and progesterone
How is colostrum different than breast milk? - correct answer It has one-third less fat.
What hormone acts primarily on the uterus? - correct answer Progesterone
What is the earliest sign of puberty in girls? - correct answer Onset of breast development
As it implants, the conceptus is nourished by means of ___. - correct answer Trophoblastic
nutrition
Which of the following systems shows the least overall senscence? - correct answer Endocrine
system
During implantation, the trophoblast divides into a deep layer called ____ which is composed of
individual cells. - correct answer Cytotrophoblast
By the end of 8 weeks, the individual is considered a fetus because ____. - correct answer All of
the organ systems are present
Down syndrome (trisomy-21) results from ____. - correct answer Nondisjunction
The embryonic membranes include all of the following except the ____ - correct answer
Placenta
In fetal circulation, the ____ bypass the liver and the ___ bypass the lungs. - correct answer
Ductus arteriosus; Ductus venosus
Twins produced when a single egg is fertilized are called ___twins. Twins produced from two
eggs ovulated at the same time are called ____ twins. - correct answer Monozygotic; Dizygotic
The haploid (n) results of meiosis I is called a ___. - correct answer Secondary spermatocyte
The acrosome contains enzyme used to___. - correct answer Penetrate barriers surrounding
the ovum
Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic? - correct answer
Enlargement of the breasts
