BIO 1330 Exam 4 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which of the following steps for terminating translation are correct and in the right order? -
CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Release factor binds to stop codon
2. Polypeptide and uncharged tRNAs are released
3. Ribosome subunits separate
Which of the following best describes the significance of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters?
- CORRECT ANSWER - It is the binding site for a transcription factor.
The release factor (RF) __________. - CORRECT ANSWER - binds to the stop codon in
the A site in place of a tRNA
Which of the following statements best describes the ribosome binding site? - CORRECT
ANSWER - The ribosome binding site is where the small ribosome subunit binds; it is
located upstream of the start codon.
In transcription, ___________ produces an RNA molecule with a base sequence complementary
to the base sequence of the _____________. - CORRECT ANSWER - RNA polymerase;
DNA template strand
Modifications needed for converting a primary transcript into a mature RNA are called
________. - CORRECT ANSWER - RNA processing
An advantage of introns is that they __________. - CORRECT ANSWER - allow
expression of different exon combinations from one gene
RNA polymerase reads the template strand. The non-template strand is ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER - the coding strand—its sequence matches the sequence of the RNA that is
transcribed from the template strand
,A gene is a __________. - CORRECT ANSWER - coding and regulatory sequence that
directs the production of one or more related polypeptides or RNAs
What prevents the DNA coding strand and RNA from matching exactly in base sequence? -
CORRECT ANSWER - RNA has the base uracil (U) rather than the thymine (T) found in
the coding strand. Adenine (A) in the DNA template strand specifies a U in the complementary
RNA strand.
A primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is __________ the functional mRNA,
whereas a primary transcript in a bacterial cell is __________ the functional mRNA. -
CORRECT ANSWER - larger than; the same size as
During RNA splicing, which molecular component of the spliceosome catalyzes the excision
reaction? - CORRECT ANSWER - snRNA
Where does an amino acid attach to a tRNA? - CORRECT ANSWER - At the 3′ end
Researchers report that a protein is encoded by a gene with four promoters that give rise to at
least eight different mRNAs. What mechanism could account for the production of these
different mRNAs from the same gene? - CORRECT ANSWER - Alternative splicing
Which of the following best describes the processing of eukaryotic pre-mRNAs in the proper
order? - CORRECT ANSWER - The addition of a 5′ cap; removal of introns; Poly (A) tail
How does RNA polymerase begin transcription in eukaryotes? - CORRECT ANSWER -
By binding to promoter sequences in DNA
Ribosomes translate mRNAs into proteins with the help of ____________. - CORRECT
ANSWER - adaptor molecules called tRNAs
, The ____________ of the eukaryotic promoter is analogous to the __________ of the bacterial
promoter. - CORRECT ANSWER - TATA box; -1 box
In addition to RNA polymerase, transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Several transcription factors
Which option lists the steps of transcription initiation in the proper order? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Chromatin remodeling, exposure of promoter and regulatory sequences,
assembly of proteins, proteins contact core promoter
Which of the following statements best describes a eukaryotic promoter? - CORRECT
ANSWER - It is found upstream of the gene and contains the TATA box.
Which of the following is involved in the first step of initiating transcription? - CORRECT
ANSWER - TATA-binding protein (TBP)
Which of the following will speed up the rate of transcription? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Activators
Proteins that stop or slow the cell cycle when conditions are unfavorable for cell division are
called ________. - CORRECT ANSWER - tumor suppressors
Which of the following statements about the p53 protein (a tumor suppressor) is true? -
CORRECT ANSWER - It activates genes that induce apoptosis in cells with extensively
damaged DNA.
Which of the following will decrease the rate of transcription? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Repressors
How do histone deacetylases impact chromatin structure? - CORRECT ANSWER - They
deacetylate histones, making them more positively charged, which causes the chromatin to
condense.
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which of the following steps for terminating translation are correct and in the right order? -
CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Release factor binds to stop codon
2. Polypeptide and uncharged tRNAs are released
3. Ribosome subunits separate
Which of the following best describes the significance of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters?
- CORRECT ANSWER - It is the binding site for a transcription factor.
The release factor (RF) __________. - CORRECT ANSWER - binds to the stop codon in
the A site in place of a tRNA
Which of the following statements best describes the ribosome binding site? - CORRECT
ANSWER - The ribosome binding site is where the small ribosome subunit binds; it is
located upstream of the start codon.
In transcription, ___________ produces an RNA molecule with a base sequence complementary
to the base sequence of the _____________. - CORRECT ANSWER - RNA polymerase;
DNA template strand
Modifications needed for converting a primary transcript into a mature RNA are called
________. - CORRECT ANSWER - RNA processing
An advantage of introns is that they __________. - CORRECT ANSWER - allow
expression of different exon combinations from one gene
RNA polymerase reads the template strand. The non-template strand is ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER - the coding strand—its sequence matches the sequence of the RNA that is
transcribed from the template strand
,A gene is a __________. - CORRECT ANSWER - coding and regulatory sequence that
directs the production of one or more related polypeptides or RNAs
What prevents the DNA coding strand and RNA from matching exactly in base sequence? -
CORRECT ANSWER - RNA has the base uracil (U) rather than the thymine (T) found in
the coding strand. Adenine (A) in the DNA template strand specifies a U in the complementary
RNA strand.
A primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is __________ the functional mRNA,
whereas a primary transcript in a bacterial cell is __________ the functional mRNA. -
CORRECT ANSWER - larger than; the same size as
During RNA splicing, which molecular component of the spliceosome catalyzes the excision
reaction? - CORRECT ANSWER - snRNA
Where does an amino acid attach to a tRNA? - CORRECT ANSWER - At the 3′ end
Researchers report that a protein is encoded by a gene with four promoters that give rise to at
least eight different mRNAs. What mechanism could account for the production of these
different mRNAs from the same gene? - CORRECT ANSWER - Alternative splicing
Which of the following best describes the processing of eukaryotic pre-mRNAs in the proper
order? - CORRECT ANSWER - The addition of a 5′ cap; removal of introns; Poly (A) tail
How does RNA polymerase begin transcription in eukaryotes? - CORRECT ANSWER -
By binding to promoter sequences in DNA
Ribosomes translate mRNAs into proteins with the help of ____________. - CORRECT
ANSWER - adaptor molecules called tRNAs
, The ____________ of the eukaryotic promoter is analogous to the __________ of the bacterial
promoter. - CORRECT ANSWER - TATA box; -1 box
In addition to RNA polymerase, transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Several transcription factors
Which option lists the steps of transcription initiation in the proper order? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Chromatin remodeling, exposure of promoter and regulatory sequences,
assembly of proteins, proteins contact core promoter
Which of the following statements best describes a eukaryotic promoter? - CORRECT
ANSWER - It is found upstream of the gene and contains the TATA box.
Which of the following is involved in the first step of initiating transcription? - CORRECT
ANSWER - TATA-binding protein (TBP)
Which of the following will speed up the rate of transcription? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Activators
Proteins that stop or slow the cell cycle when conditions are unfavorable for cell division are
called ________. - CORRECT ANSWER - tumor suppressors
Which of the following statements about the p53 protein (a tumor suppressor) is true? -
CORRECT ANSWER - It activates genes that induce apoptosis in cells with extensively
damaged DNA.
Which of the following will decrease the rate of transcription? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Repressors
How do histone deacetylases impact chromatin structure? - CORRECT ANSWER - They
deacetylate histones, making them more positively charged, which causes the chromatin to
condense.
