SCH4U Chemistry Grade 12
Course Outline
Organic Chemistry:
* Nomenclature and structure of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, cycloalkanes, and benzene.
* Functional groups: halides, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and
amines.
* Properties and reactions of organic compounds (e.g., addition, substitution, elimination,
esterification).
* Isomers: structural and stereoisomers.
* Applications of organic chemistry in everyday life and environmental impact.
* Structure and Properties of Matter:
* Atomic structure, quantum mechanical model, electron configuration.
* Chemical bonding: ionic, covalent, metallic, and intermolecular forces (van der Waals, dipole-
dipole, hydrogen bonding).
* Molecular shapes and VSEPR theory.
* Properties of different types of solids (ionic, molecular, network covalent, metallic).
* Relationship between bonding, structure, and macroscopic properties.
* Energy Changes and Rates of Reaction (Thermochemistry and Kinetics):
* Thermochemical concepts: enthalpy, enthalpy changes (\Delta H), exothermic and endothermic
reactions.
* Calorimetry and Hess's Law.
* Reaction rates and factors affecting them (temperature, concentration, surface area, catalysts).
* Rate laws and reaction mechanisms (qualitative treatment).
* Activation energy and potential energy diagrams.
* Chemical Systems and Equilibrium:
* Reversible reactions and dynamic equilibrium.
* Le Chatelier's Principle and factors affecting equilibrium (concentration, temperature, pressure).
* Equilibrium constant (K_c and K_p) and its significance.
* Calculations involving equilibrium concentrations.
* Acids and bases: Brønsted-Lowry theory, pH scale, strong and weak acids and bases.
* Equilibrium in acid-base systems and buffer solutions.
Course Outline
Organic Chemistry:
* Nomenclature and structure of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, cycloalkanes, and benzene.
* Functional groups: halides, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and
amines.
* Properties and reactions of organic compounds (e.g., addition, substitution, elimination,
esterification).
* Isomers: structural and stereoisomers.
* Applications of organic chemistry in everyday life and environmental impact.
* Structure and Properties of Matter:
* Atomic structure, quantum mechanical model, electron configuration.
* Chemical bonding: ionic, covalent, metallic, and intermolecular forces (van der Waals, dipole-
dipole, hydrogen bonding).
* Molecular shapes and VSEPR theory.
* Properties of different types of solids (ionic, molecular, network covalent, metallic).
* Relationship between bonding, structure, and macroscopic properties.
* Energy Changes and Rates of Reaction (Thermochemistry and Kinetics):
* Thermochemical concepts: enthalpy, enthalpy changes (\Delta H), exothermic and endothermic
reactions.
* Calorimetry and Hess's Law.
* Reaction rates and factors affecting them (temperature, concentration, surface area, catalysts).
* Rate laws and reaction mechanisms (qualitative treatment).
* Activation energy and potential energy diagrams.
* Chemical Systems and Equilibrium:
* Reversible reactions and dynamic equilibrium.
* Le Chatelier's Principle and factors affecting equilibrium (concentration, temperature, pressure).
* Equilibrium constant (K_c and K_p) and its significance.
* Calculations involving equilibrium concentrations.
* Acids and bases: Brønsted-Lowry theory, pH scale, strong and weak acids and bases.
* Equilibrium in acid-base systems and buffer solutions.
