NUR 3065 Exam 4 Questions With Complete Solutions
abnormal female: Cystocele Correct Answers - the wall of
muscle btw. the vagina and bladder become thinner and weakens
♣ Part of the bladder drops down, or protrudes, into the wall of
the vagina
abnormal female: Dysmenorrhea Correct Answers - pain
associated with menstruation
abnormal female: Dyspareunia Correct Answers - painful
intercourse
♣ Affects 8-22% of women at some point during their lives
abnormal female: Endometriosis Correct Answers - an often-
painful disorder in which endometrium tissues grow outside
your uterus
abnormal female: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) - infection
of one or more reproductive organs
♣ Correct Answers Many different bacterial organisms can
cause PID, but many cases are associated with gonorrhea and
chlamydia, two very common bacterial STDs
abnormal female: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Correct Answers = oligomenorrhea and/or anovulation,
ultrasound evidence of polycystic ovaries, clinical and/or
biochemical signs of hyper-androgenism
,abnormal female: Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
Correct Answers - a brain chemical called serotonin plays a role
in a severe form of PMS, called PMDD
o Amenorrhea - absence of menstrual periods
♣ Primary = when a young woman has not had her first period
by the age of 16
♣ Secondary = when a woman who has had normal menstrual
cycle stops getting her monthly period for 3 or more months
abnormal female: Rectocele Correct Answers - a rectocele
occurs when the end of the large intestine (rectum) pushes
against and moves the back wall of the vagina
♣ Defect of the vaginal supporting tissues; it is not a defect of
the rectum
abnormal female: Toxic Shock Syndrome Correct Answers -
caused by a toxin produced by certain types of Staphylococcus
bacteria, and occasionally Streptococcal bacteria
abnormal female: Uterine Fibroids Correct Answers -
noncancerous growths of the uterus that often appear during
childbearing years
♣ Develop from the smooth muscular tissue of the uterus
Abnormal Male Correct Answers o Benign Prostatic
Hyperplasia
o Varicocele
o Phimosis
o Paraphimosis
o Hypospadias
o Epispadiaus
,Acute Rhinitis Correct Answers o Inflamed mucosa
o Water discharge to purulent
o Sneezing, coughing
o Turbinates dark red and swollen
Age-Related Macular Degeneration Correct Answers =
progressive deterioration of a critical region of the retinal called
the macula
o Symptoms:
♣ Irreversible loss of central vision, although peripheral vision is
retained
♣ In the early stages, vision may be gray, hazy, or distorted
♣ Distortion such as bending of straight lines
♣ Images may appear smaller
o Types:
♣ Dry - drusen (yellow deposits, RPE changes,
atrophy/hyperplasia)
♣ Wet - choroidal neovascularization (exudate)
o Treatment:
♣ Micronutrient supply
• Vitamin C, E, Beta carotene, minerals
♣ Treat wet ARMD
• Lasers, surgery low vision aids
Allergic conjunctivitis Correct Answers - upper lid,
conjunctiva, and cornea inflamed from allergens
, Allergic Rhinitis Correct Answers o Rhinorrhea (drainage)
o Nasal congestion
o Sneezing
o Turbinates swollen, pale
Bacterial Vaginosis Correct Answers o Causes: overgrowth of
bacteria species normally present in vaginal, usually Gardnerella
♣ When lactobacilli are lacking, pH decreases, overgrowth of
bacteria
o Clinical Presentation and Symptoms:
♣ BV can be asymptomatic in about 50% of women
♣ Thin, white, malodorous (fishy smelling) discharge
♣ Vaginal pruritis may also be present
o Diagnose:
♣ Vaginal pH > 4.5 (most sensitive but least specific)
♣ Presence of "clue cells" on wet mount examination
♣ Positive amine or "whiff" test
o Treatment: Metronidazole
♣ Avoid alcohol
♣ May need treatment for recurring symptoms
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Correct Answers
enlargement of the prostate
• Causes:
o At birth, the prostate is pea sized, it grows until it reaches
adult size, and round 40-45yo benign hyperplasia begins and
continues slowly until death
abnormal female: Cystocele Correct Answers - the wall of
muscle btw. the vagina and bladder become thinner and weakens
♣ Part of the bladder drops down, or protrudes, into the wall of
the vagina
abnormal female: Dysmenorrhea Correct Answers - pain
associated with menstruation
abnormal female: Dyspareunia Correct Answers - painful
intercourse
♣ Affects 8-22% of women at some point during their lives
abnormal female: Endometriosis Correct Answers - an often-
painful disorder in which endometrium tissues grow outside
your uterus
abnormal female: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) - infection
of one or more reproductive organs
♣ Correct Answers Many different bacterial organisms can
cause PID, but many cases are associated with gonorrhea and
chlamydia, two very common bacterial STDs
abnormal female: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Correct Answers = oligomenorrhea and/or anovulation,
ultrasound evidence of polycystic ovaries, clinical and/or
biochemical signs of hyper-androgenism
,abnormal female: Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
Correct Answers - a brain chemical called serotonin plays a role
in a severe form of PMS, called PMDD
o Amenorrhea - absence of menstrual periods
♣ Primary = when a young woman has not had her first period
by the age of 16
♣ Secondary = when a woman who has had normal menstrual
cycle stops getting her monthly period for 3 or more months
abnormal female: Rectocele Correct Answers - a rectocele
occurs when the end of the large intestine (rectum) pushes
against and moves the back wall of the vagina
♣ Defect of the vaginal supporting tissues; it is not a defect of
the rectum
abnormal female: Toxic Shock Syndrome Correct Answers -
caused by a toxin produced by certain types of Staphylococcus
bacteria, and occasionally Streptococcal bacteria
abnormal female: Uterine Fibroids Correct Answers -
noncancerous growths of the uterus that often appear during
childbearing years
♣ Develop from the smooth muscular tissue of the uterus
Abnormal Male Correct Answers o Benign Prostatic
Hyperplasia
o Varicocele
o Phimosis
o Paraphimosis
o Hypospadias
o Epispadiaus
,Acute Rhinitis Correct Answers o Inflamed mucosa
o Water discharge to purulent
o Sneezing, coughing
o Turbinates dark red and swollen
Age-Related Macular Degeneration Correct Answers =
progressive deterioration of a critical region of the retinal called
the macula
o Symptoms:
♣ Irreversible loss of central vision, although peripheral vision is
retained
♣ In the early stages, vision may be gray, hazy, or distorted
♣ Distortion such as bending of straight lines
♣ Images may appear smaller
o Types:
♣ Dry - drusen (yellow deposits, RPE changes,
atrophy/hyperplasia)
♣ Wet - choroidal neovascularization (exudate)
o Treatment:
♣ Micronutrient supply
• Vitamin C, E, Beta carotene, minerals
♣ Treat wet ARMD
• Lasers, surgery low vision aids
Allergic conjunctivitis Correct Answers - upper lid,
conjunctiva, and cornea inflamed from allergens
, Allergic Rhinitis Correct Answers o Rhinorrhea (drainage)
o Nasal congestion
o Sneezing
o Turbinates swollen, pale
Bacterial Vaginosis Correct Answers o Causes: overgrowth of
bacteria species normally present in vaginal, usually Gardnerella
♣ When lactobacilli are lacking, pH decreases, overgrowth of
bacteria
o Clinical Presentation and Symptoms:
♣ BV can be asymptomatic in about 50% of women
♣ Thin, white, malodorous (fishy smelling) discharge
♣ Vaginal pruritis may also be present
o Diagnose:
♣ Vaginal pH > 4.5 (most sensitive but least specific)
♣ Presence of "clue cells" on wet mount examination
♣ Positive amine or "whiff" test
o Treatment: Metronidazole
♣ Avoid alcohol
♣ May need treatment for recurring symptoms
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Correct Answers
enlargement of the prostate
• Causes:
o At birth, the prostate is pea sized, it grows until it reaches
adult size, and round 40-45yo benign hyperplasia begins and
continues slowly until death
