Discover Biology final exam 2025 Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Discover Biology final exam 2025 Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is the correct order of events in the cell cycle? - G1,S,G2,mitosis, cytokinesis How does crossing over increase genetic diversity? - It increases the number of distinct combinations of genes that may be present in a gamete. A trait that shows continuous variation is typically influenced by? - both genes and environmental factors If DNA sequence of aj gene reads, in part, TAACAGGTCA, what is the sequence of the complementary strand of DNA? - AATGTCCAGT Because of the law of independent assortment___? - two typical siblings will have about 50% of their alleles in common. The possibly harmful environmental effects of GM foods include which of the following? - ~the increased use of herbicides when a GM crop is resistant. ~the transfer of genetically modified genes to native organisms. The ability of a gene to cause multiple effects on a phenotype is called? - pleiotropy What causes the differences between two human cell types (for example, a skin cell and a brain cell)? - Different cell types contain the same genes but use different combinations of them. Y-linked genes include a gene that produces hairy ears. A male with hairy ear pass this should pass this trait to ? - only to his sons 2COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY SOPHIA BENNETT, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED The rate of production of cellular proteins within each cell is regulated through which of the following? - gene expression When the phenotype of a hetero-zygote is intermediate between both homo-zygotes, the pattern of inheritance is____? - incomplete dominance What is the name of the process by which cancer cells break off of tumors and spread to other parts of the body? - metastasis What is the sequence of the mRNA made from the gene TTACAGGTCC - AAUCAGGTCC There are NO sugars on the surface of any of the red blood cells for which blood type? - Type O In humans the allele for red-green color blindness is X-linked and recessive (X^r); the dominant allele is called (X^R) A man with normal color vision marries a color blind woman who gives birth to a color blind daughter. From this we can tell that? - the man is probably NOT the father of the daughter. What is the difference between RNA and DNA molecules? Include 3 differences. - RNA= ribose phosphate base with nitrogenous base., single stranded, Bases: A,T,G,C DNA= deoxyribose phosphate nitrogenous base., double stranded Bases A, T, G, C Briefly describe the process of DNA replication - 1.The first step in DNA replication is to 'unzip' the double helix structure of the DNA? molecule. 2.This is carried out by an enzyme? called helicase which breaks the hydrogen bonds? holding the complementary? bases? of DNA together (A with T, C with G). 3. The separation of the two single strands of DNA creates a 'Y' shape called a replication 'fork'. The two separated strands will act as templates for making the new strands of DNA. 3COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY SOPHIA BENNETT, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4.One of the strands is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction (towards the replication fork), this is the leading strand?. The other strand is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction (away from the replication fork), this is the lagging strand?. As a result of their different orientations, the two strands are replicated differently: What is gel electrophoresis? What is it used for? - Gel electrophoresis is a laboratory method used to separate mixtures of DNA, RNA, or proteins according to molecular size. In gel electrophoresis, the molecules to be separated are pushed by an electrical field through a gel that contains small pores and is used in PCR to send fragments by size up the chain. How many different kinds of gametes can be made by an individual with the genotype AaBb? - 4: AB, Ab, aB, ab cystic fibrosis is caused by the allele f, which is completely recessive to the normal dominant allele F. Consider a couple with the genotype Ff. What is the chance that their first child will develop cystic fibrosis? - There