Bio 1030 Clemson Exam 4
protocell - ✔️✔️a self-organized, endogenously ordered, spherical collection of
polypeptides and lipids arranged in a manner that resembles the structure of a living
cell; hypothetically thought to be the predecessor of the first true cells
radiometric dating - ✔️✔️the process of measuring the absolute age of geologic
material by measuring the concentrations of radioactive isotopes and their decay
products
reducing atmosphere - ✔️✔️A popular view about the early atmosphere that suggests
that the atmosphere was mainly composed of CH4, NH3, hydrogen, water vapor and
very little oxygen. These chemicals acted as reducing agents where electrons are
donated and allowes chemical synthesis (electron bonding).
ribozyme - ✔️✔️a type of RNA that can act as an enzyme
Stromatolites - ✔️✔️Oldest known fossils formed from many layers of bacteria and
sediment.
ingestion - ✔️✔️eating
annelid - ✔️✔️Segmented worms. The most advanced worms.
anterior - ✔️✔️front of the body
arthropod - ✔️✔️An invertebrate that has an external skeleton, a segmented body, and
jointed appendages.
bilateral symmetry - ✔️✔️Body plan in which only a single, imaginary line can divide
the body into two equal halves.
ALH84001 - ✔️✔️a meteorite from Mars containing tiny rods that might be fossilized
bacteria
Analogy - ✔️✔️similarity of function and superficial resemblance of structures that have
different origins.
Binomial - ✔️✔️2 term name for a speicies
, 14C Dating - ✔️✔️absolute dating technique which measures the amount of C14 in
sample, must be organic
Chicxulub Asteroid - ✔️✔️Meteor that hit the Earth and destroyed Dinosaurs allowing
mammals to thrive.
convergent evolution - ✔️✔️Process by which unrelated organisms independently
evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments
extinction event - ✔️✔️A specific time in the Earth's history (or future) when very large
numbers of species die off. These events may occur abruptly or over a longer period of
time. In the last 600 million years, there have been five events in which over half of all
animal species died.
geological record - ✔️✔️a standard time scale that divides Earth's history into four
eons and further subdivisions
half-life - ✔️✔️length of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to
decay
ingroup - ✔️✔️group under study for evolutionary relationships
Kingdoms - ✔️✔️Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
Miller-Urey Experiment - ✔️✔️Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of
the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced
some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).
Murchison meteorite - ✔️✔️A meteorite containing both water and amino acids
discovered in 1980 questioned earlier theories about how life may have originated on
Earth.
oxidizing atmosphere - ✔️✔️Contains free O2 and inhibits formation of complex
organic molecules.
Chelicerates - ✔️✔️a lineage of arthropods that includes horseshoe crabs, scorpions,
ticks, and spiders that have pointed appendages of the mouth that are used to grasp
food
plate tectonics - ✔️✔️A theory stating that the earth's surface is broken into plates that
move.
primordial soup - ✔️✔️A liquid rich in organic compounds, providing favorable
conditions for the emergence and growth of life forms.
protocell - ✔️✔️a self-organized, endogenously ordered, spherical collection of
polypeptides and lipids arranged in a manner that resembles the structure of a living
cell; hypothetically thought to be the predecessor of the first true cells
radiometric dating - ✔️✔️the process of measuring the absolute age of geologic
material by measuring the concentrations of radioactive isotopes and their decay
products
reducing atmosphere - ✔️✔️A popular view about the early atmosphere that suggests
that the atmosphere was mainly composed of CH4, NH3, hydrogen, water vapor and
very little oxygen. These chemicals acted as reducing agents where electrons are
donated and allowes chemical synthesis (electron bonding).
ribozyme - ✔️✔️a type of RNA that can act as an enzyme
Stromatolites - ✔️✔️Oldest known fossils formed from many layers of bacteria and
sediment.
ingestion - ✔️✔️eating
annelid - ✔️✔️Segmented worms. The most advanced worms.
anterior - ✔️✔️front of the body
arthropod - ✔️✔️An invertebrate that has an external skeleton, a segmented body, and
jointed appendages.
bilateral symmetry - ✔️✔️Body plan in which only a single, imaginary line can divide
the body into two equal halves.
ALH84001 - ✔️✔️a meteorite from Mars containing tiny rods that might be fossilized
bacteria
Analogy - ✔️✔️similarity of function and superficial resemblance of structures that have
different origins.
Binomial - ✔️✔️2 term name for a speicies
, 14C Dating - ✔️✔️absolute dating technique which measures the amount of C14 in
sample, must be organic
Chicxulub Asteroid - ✔️✔️Meteor that hit the Earth and destroyed Dinosaurs allowing
mammals to thrive.
convergent evolution - ✔️✔️Process by which unrelated organisms independently
evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments
extinction event - ✔️✔️A specific time in the Earth's history (or future) when very large
numbers of species die off. These events may occur abruptly or over a longer period of
time. In the last 600 million years, there have been five events in which over half of all
animal species died.
geological record - ✔️✔️a standard time scale that divides Earth's history into four
eons and further subdivisions
half-life - ✔️✔️length of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to
decay
ingroup - ✔️✔️group under study for evolutionary relationships
Kingdoms - ✔️✔️Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
Miller-Urey Experiment - ✔️✔️Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of
the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced
some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).
Murchison meteorite - ✔️✔️A meteorite containing both water and amino acids
discovered in 1980 questioned earlier theories about how life may have originated on
Earth.
oxidizing atmosphere - ✔️✔️Contains free O2 and inhibits formation of complex
organic molecules.
Chelicerates - ✔️✔️a lineage of arthropods that includes horseshoe crabs, scorpions,
ticks, and spiders that have pointed appendages of the mouth that are used to grasp
food
plate tectonics - ✔️✔️A theory stating that the earth's surface is broken into plates that
move.
primordial soup - ✔️✔️A liquid rich in organic compounds, providing favorable
conditions for the emergence and growth of life forms.
