Clemson Chemistry 1020 Exam 1 2025 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions

Clemson Chemistry 1020 Exam 1
solute-solute - ✔️✔️(usually changeHsolute-solute =+ (endothermic)
-bc the energy must be absorbed to break up inter molecular forces between solute
molecules

solute-solvent - ✔️✔️(usually changeHsolute-solvent = - (exothermic)
-bc the solvent molecules cluster around solute particles, forming inter molecular forces

molartiy - ✔️✔️moles/liters

molality - ✔️✔️moles/kg

percent mass - ✔️✔️mass component/total mass of solution *

enthalpy (H) is negative - ✔️✔️exothermic--flows from the system into the surroundings

enthalpy (H) is positive - ✔️✔️endothermic-- flows from the surroundings into the
system

entropy (S) is negative - ✔️✔️randomness of the system decreases

entropy (S) is positive - ✔️✔️randomness of the system increases

entropy: state function or nah? - ✔️✔️entropy is a state function (Change in S=
S(final)-S(initial)

temperature (entropy) - ✔️✔️as temperature increases the random molecular motion
increases --> kinetic energy of molecules increase --. therefore entropy increases

1st law of Thermodyamics - ✔️✔️-in any process, spontaneous or non spontaneous,
the total energy of a system & its surroundings is constant

2nd law of Thermodynamics - ✔️✔️-the principle that the total entropy of the universe
increases in any spontaneous process
-changeSuniverse=changeSsys+changeSsurr

changSuniverse (signs) - ✔️✔️S>0 = spontaneous
S<0 = non spontaneous
S=0 = rxn at equilibrium