PSYC 102 Final Exam - UBC
insulin-Correct answer-a hormone released by the pancreas that helps pump nutrients
in the blood into the cells, where they can be stored as fat or metabolized into needed
energy
leptin-Correct answer-a hormone that may regulate the amount of energy stored in fat
cells
ventromedial hypothalamus-Correct answer-a portion of the hypothalamus that, when
lesioned, causes an animal to typically overeat and gain a large amount of weight; once
thought to be a kind of "stop eating," or satiety, centre in the brain; its role in eating
behavior is currently unknown
lateral hypothalamus-Correct answer-a portion of the hypothalamus that, when
lesioned, causes an animal to be reluctant to eat; probably plays some role in eating
behavior; but the precise role is unknown
homeostasis-Correct answer-the process through which the body maintains a steady
steate, such as a constant internal temperature or an adequate amount of fluids
proximate factors-Correct answer-causes of behavior that derive from an organism's
immediate internal or external environment
ultimate factors-Correct answer-causes of behavior that refer to evolutionaily adaptive
significance and reproductive consequences for the organism
incentive motivation-Correct answer-external factors in the environment-such as money,
an attractive person, or tasty food-that exert pulling effects on people's actions
achievement motive-Correct answer-a need that varies in strength across individuals; its
strength on any given task depends on (1) expectations about success and (2) how
much value a person places on succeeding at the task
intrinsic motivation-Correct answer-goal-directed behavior that seems to be entirely self-
motivated
need hierarchy-Correct answer-the idea popularized by Maslow that human needs are
prioritized in a hierarchy; some needs, esp. physiological ones, must be satisfied before
others, such as the need for achievement or self-actualization, can be pursued
motivation-Correct answer-set of factors that initiate and direct behavior
, emotion-Correct answer-complex psychological event often associated with motivation;
involve a physiological reaction, expression reaction, or subjective experience
internal factors-Correct answer-consist of instincts and drive
instincts-Correct answer-unlearned characteristic patterns of responding that are
controlled by specific triggering stimuli in the world; not thought to be an important factor
in explaining goal-directed behavior in humans
primary drive-Correct answer-a psychological state that arises in response to an internal
physiological need, such as hunger or thirst
secondary drive-Correct answer-a drive learned by association with a primary drive (e.g.
the need for money)
glucose-Correct answer-a kind of sugar that cells require for energy production
set point-Correct answer-a natural body weight, perhaps produced by genetic factors,
that the body seeks to maintain; when body weight falls below the set point, people are
motivated to eat; when weight exceeds the set point, people feel less motivated to eat
anorexia nervosa-Correct answer-an eating disorder diagnosed when an otherwise
healthy person refuses to maintain a normal weight level because of an intense fear of
being overweight
bulimia nervosa-Correct answer-an eating disorder in which the principal symptom is
binge eating (consuming large quantities of food), followed by purging in which the
person voluntarily vomits or uses laxatives to prevent weight gain
sexual scripts-Correct answer-learned cognitive programs that instruct us on how, why,
and what to do in our interactions with sexual partners; their nature differs across
gender and may vary across cultures
sexual orientation-Correct answer-the direction of a person's sexual and emotional
attraction: homosexuality, heterosexuality, and bisexuality are all sexual orientations
facial-feedback hypothesis-Correct answer-the proposal that muscles in the face deliver
signals to the brain that are then interpreted, depending on the pattern, as a subjective
emotional state
polygraph-Correct answer-a device that measures various indexes of physiological
arousal in an effort to determine whether someone is telling a lie; the logic behind the
test is that lying leads to greater emotionality, which can be picked up through such
measures of arousal as heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and perspiration
insulin-Correct answer-a hormone released by the pancreas that helps pump nutrients
in the blood into the cells, where they can be stored as fat or metabolized into needed
energy
leptin-Correct answer-a hormone that may regulate the amount of energy stored in fat
cells
ventromedial hypothalamus-Correct answer-a portion of the hypothalamus that, when
lesioned, causes an animal to typically overeat and gain a large amount of weight; once
thought to be a kind of "stop eating," or satiety, centre in the brain; its role in eating
behavior is currently unknown
lateral hypothalamus-Correct answer-a portion of the hypothalamus that, when
lesioned, causes an animal to be reluctant to eat; probably plays some role in eating
behavior; but the precise role is unknown
homeostasis-Correct answer-the process through which the body maintains a steady
steate, such as a constant internal temperature or an adequate amount of fluids
proximate factors-Correct answer-causes of behavior that derive from an organism's
immediate internal or external environment
ultimate factors-Correct answer-causes of behavior that refer to evolutionaily adaptive
significance and reproductive consequences for the organism
incentive motivation-Correct answer-external factors in the environment-such as money,
an attractive person, or tasty food-that exert pulling effects on people's actions
achievement motive-Correct answer-a need that varies in strength across individuals; its
strength on any given task depends on (1) expectations about success and (2) how
much value a person places on succeeding at the task
intrinsic motivation-Correct answer-goal-directed behavior that seems to be entirely self-
motivated
need hierarchy-Correct answer-the idea popularized by Maslow that human needs are
prioritized in a hierarchy; some needs, esp. physiological ones, must be satisfied before
others, such as the need for achievement or self-actualization, can be pursued
motivation-Correct answer-set of factors that initiate and direct behavior
, emotion-Correct answer-complex psychological event often associated with motivation;
involve a physiological reaction, expression reaction, or subjective experience
internal factors-Correct answer-consist of instincts and drive
instincts-Correct answer-unlearned characteristic patterns of responding that are
controlled by specific triggering stimuli in the world; not thought to be an important factor
in explaining goal-directed behavior in humans
primary drive-Correct answer-a psychological state that arises in response to an internal
physiological need, such as hunger or thirst
secondary drive-Correct answer-a drive learned by association with a primary drive (e.g.
the need for money)
glucose-Correct answer-a kind of sugar that cells require for energy production
set point-Correct answer-a natural body weight, perhaps produced by genetic factors,
that the body seeks to maintain; when body weight falls below the set point, people are
motivated to eat; when weight exceeds the set point, people feel less motivated to eat
anorexia nervosa-Correct answer-an eating disorder diagnosed when an otherwise
healthy person refuses to maintain a normal weight level because of an intense fear of
being overweight
bulimia nervosa-Correct answer-an eating disorder in which the principal symptom is
binge eating (consuming large quantities of food), followed by purging in which the
person voluntarily vomits or uses laxatives to prevent weight gain
sexual scripts-Correct answer-learned cognitive programs that instruct us on how, why,
and what to do in our interactions with sexual partners; their nature differs across
gender and may vary across cultures
sexual orientation-Correct answer-the direction of a person's sexual and emotional
attraction: homosexuality, heterosexuality, and bisexuality are all sexual orientations
facial-feedback hypothesis-Correct answer-the proposal that muscles in the face deliver
signals to the brain that are then interpreted, depending on the pattern, as a subjective
emotional state
polygraph-Correct answer-a device that measures various indexes of physiological
arousal in an effort to determine whether someone is telling a lie; the logic behind the
test is that lying leads to greater emotionality, which can be picked up through such
measures of arousal as heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and perspiration
