NR 507 Edapt Endocrine System Questions
and Answers 2025
TheAonlyAwayAforAaAhormoneAtoAworkAisAthroughAtheAbloodAstream.A-
ACORRECTAANSWERS-False.A
TheAendocrineAcellAcanAalsoAsecreteAhormonesAthatAtargetAcellsAdirectlyAcloseAit.AWhenA
thisAoccurs,AthisAtypeAofAsecretionAisAknownAasAparacrineAsignaling.
Lipid-
derivedAhormonesAcrossAtheAcellAmembraneAandAbindAtoAreceptorsAinAtheAcell'sAcytoplasm
A-ACORRECTAANSWERS-True.A
ThisAstatementAisAtrue.ALipid-
derivedAhormonesAcrossAtheAcellAmembraneAandAbindAtoAreceptorsAinAtheAcell'sAcytoplasm
.
TheAanteriorAlobeAofAtheApituitaryAproducesAitsAownAhormonesA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-
True.
ThisAstatementAisAtrue.ATheAanteriorAlobeAofAtheApituitaryAproducesAitsAownAhormones
ToAbeAconsideredAaAlipidAhormone,AitAmustAbeAboundAtoAaAproteinAandAitAmustAbindAtoArece
ptorsAinsideAtheAcellAmembraneA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-False.
ItAmustAbeAboundAtoAaAproteinAandAitAbindAtoAreceptorsAonAtheAcellAmembraneAratherAthanAi
nsideAtheAcellAmembrane.
TheApinealAglandAisAresponsibleAforAregulatingAtheAsleep-wakeAcycleA-
ACORRECTAANSWERS-True.
TheAposteriorAlobeAofAtheApituitaryAproducesAitsAownAhormonesA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-
False.
TheAposteriorApituitaryAreceivesAitsAhormonesA(oxytocinAandAADH)AfromAtheAhypothalamu
s.ATheAanteriorApituitaryAproducesAitsAownAhormones.
AldosteroneApromotesAsodiumAreabsorptionAandApotassiumAexcretionAinAtheAkidneys.A-
ACORRECTAANSWERS-ThisAstatementAisAtrue.
HyperthyroidismA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-ElevatedAThyroidAHormone
SuppressedATSH
EnlargedAliver
HandAtremors
HypothyroidismA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-DecreasedAthyroidAhormoneAand
ElevatedATSH
Fatigue
DiminishedAdeepAtendonAreflexes
TypeA1ADMA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-OnsetA1<10-20Ayears
AssociatedAwithAdiabeticAketoacidosis
, Symptoms:Apolyuria,Apolyphagia,Apolydipsia
Autoimmune:GeneticAandAenvironmentalAfactors,AresultingAinAgradualAprocessAofAautoim
muneAdestructionAinAgeneticallyAsusceptibleAindividuals
Nonautoimmune:Unknown
StrongAassociationAwithAHLA-DQAAandAHLA-DQBAgenes
acuteAcomplications:ADiabeticAketoacidosis
TypeA2ADMA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-UsuallyA>A40AyearsAofAage
AssociatedAwithAhyperosmolarAnonketoticAcoma
Symptoms:Aweakness,AweightAloss,Ainfections
ResultsAfromAgeneticAsusceptibilityA(polygenic)AcombinedAwithAenvironmentalAdeterminan
tsAandAotherAriskAfactors
InheritedAdefectsAinAbeta-
cellAmassAandAfunctionAcombinedAwithAperipheralAtissueAinsulinAresistance
AssociatedAwithAlong-durationAobesity
strongAgeneticAassociation
AcuteAcomplications:AHyperosmolarAnonketoticAcoma
alphaAcellsA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-responsibleAforAsecretingAglucagon
betaAcellsA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-responsibleAforAsecretingAinsulinAandAamylin
inhibitsAglucagonAsecretion
deltaAcellsA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-responsibleAforAsecretingAgastrinAandAsomatostatin
FA(PP)ACellsA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-
secreteApancreaticApolypeptideAthatAstimulatesAgastricAsecretionsAandAantagonizesAchole
cystokinin.
CriteriaAtoAdiagnoseADiabetesATypeA1AandA2A-ACORRECTAANSWERS-
FPGA≥126Amg/dLA(7.0Ammol/L).AFastingAisAdefinedAasAnoAcaloricAintakeAforAatAleastA8Ah*
OR
2-
hAPGA≥200Amg/dLA(11.1Ammol/L)AduringAOGTT.ATheAtestAshouldAbeAperformedAasAdescrib
edAbyAtheAWHO,AusingAaAglucoseAloadAcontainingAtheAequivalentAofA75AgAanhydrousAgluco
seAdissolvedAinAwater*
OR
A1CA≥6.5%A(48Ammol/mol).ATheAtestAshouldAbeAperformedAinAaAlaboratoryAusingAaAmetho
dAthatAisANGSPAcertifiedAandAstandardizedAtoAtheADCCTAassay*
OR
InAaApatientAwithAclassicAsymptomsAofAhyperglycemiaAorAhyperglycemicAcrisis,AaArandomAp
lasmaAglucoseA≥200Amg/dLA(11.1Ammol/L)
*InAtheAabsenceAofAunequivocalAhyperglycemia,AdiagnosisArequiresAtwoAabnormalAtestAres
ultsAfromAtheAsameAsampleAorAinAtwoAseparateAtestAsamples
pre-screeningAforADMA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-HbA1cA(asAmeasuredAinAaADCCT-
referencedAassay)A≥6.5%
OR
and Answers 2025
TheAonlyAwayAforAaAhormoneAtoAworkAisAthroughAtheAbloodAstream.A-
ACORRECTAANSWERS-False.A
TheAendocrineAcellAcanAalsoAsecreteAhormonesAthatAtargetAcellsAdirectlyAcloseAit.AWhenA
thisAoccurs,AthisAtypeAofAsecretionAisAknownAasAparacrineAsignaling.
Lipid-
derivedAhormonesAcrossAtheAcellAmembraneAandAbindAtoAreceptorsAinAtheAcell'sAcytoplasm
A-ACORRECTAANSWERS-True.A
ThisAstatementAisAtrue.ALipid-
derivedAhormonesAcrossAtheAcellAmembraneAandAbindAtoAreceptorsAinAtheAcell'sAcytoplasm
.
TheAanteriorAlobeAofAtheApituitaryAproducesAitsAownAhormonesA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-
True.
ThisAstatementAisAtrue.ATheAanteriorAlobeAofAtheApituitaryAproducesAitsAownAhormones
ToAbeAconsideredAaAlipidAhormone,AitAmustAbeAboundAtoAaAproteinAandAitAmustAbindAtoArece
ptorsAinsideAtheAcellAmembraneA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-False.
ItAmustAbeAboundAtoAaAproteinAandAitAbindAtoAreceptorsAonAtheAcellAmembraneAratherAthanAi
nsideAtheAcellAmembrane.
TheApinealAglandAisAresponsibleAforAregulatingAtheAsleep-wakeAcycleA-
ACORRECTAANSWERS-True.
TheAposteriorAlobeAofAtheApituitaryAproducesAitsAownAhormonesA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-
False.
TheAposteriorApituitaryAreceivesAitsAhormonesA(oxytocinAandAADH)AfromAtheAhypothalamu
s.ATheAanteriorApituitaryAproducesAitsAownAhormones.
AldosteroneApromotesAsodiumAreabsorptionAandApotassiumAexcretionAinAtheAkidneys.A-
ACORRECTAANSWERS-ThisAstatementAisAtrue.
HyperthyroidismA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-ElevatedAThyroidAHormone
SuppressedATSH
EnlargedAliver
HandAtremors
HypothyroidismA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-DecreasedAthyroidAhormoneAand
ElevatedATSH
Fatigue
DiminishedAdeepAtendonAreflexes
TypeA1ADMA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-OnsetA1<10-20Ayears
AssociatedAwithAdiabeticAketoacidosis
, Symptoms:Apolyuria,Apolyphagia,Apolydipsia
Autoimmune:GeneticAandAenvironmentalAfactors,AresultingAinAgradualAprocessAofAautoim
muneAdestructionAinAgeneticallyAsusceptibleAindividuals
Nonautoimmune:Unknown
StrongAassociationAwithAHLA-DQAAandAHLA-DQBAgenes
acuteAcomplications:ADiabeticAketoacidosis
TypeA2ADMA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-UsuallyA>A40AyearsAofAage
AssociatedAwithAhyperosmolarAnonketoticAcoma
Symptoms:Aweakness,AweightAloss,Ainfections
ResultsAfromAgeneticAsusceptibilityA(polygenic)AcombinedAwithAenvironmentalAdeterminan
tsAandAotherAriskAfactors
InheritedAdefectsAinAbeta-
cellAmassAandAfunctionAcombinedAwithAperipheralAtissueAinsulinAresistance
AssociatedAwithAlong-durationAobesity
strongAgeneticAassociation
AcuteAcomplications:AHyperosmolarAnonketoticAcoma
alphaAcellsA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-responsibleAforAsecretingAglucagon
betaAcellsA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-responsibleAforAsecretingAinsulinAandAamylin
inhibitsAglucagonAsecretion
deltaAcellsA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-responsibleAforAsecretingAgastrinAandAsomatostatin
FA(PP)ACellsA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-
secreteApancreaticApolypeptideAthatAstimulatesAgastricAsecretionsAandAantagonizesAchole
cystokinin.
CriteriaAtoAdiagnoseADiabetesATypeA1AandA2A-ACORRECTAANSWERS-
FPGA≥126Amg/dLA(7.0Ammol/L).AFastingAisAdefinedAasAnoAcaloricAintakeAforAatAleastA8Ah*
OR
2-
hAPGA≥200Amg/dLA(11.1Ammol/L)AduringAOGTT.ATheAtestAshouldAbeAperformedAasAdescrib
edAbyAtheAWHO,AusingAaAglucoseAloadAcontainingAtheAequivalentAofA75AgAanhydrousAgluco
seAdissolvedAinAwater*
OR
A1CA≥6.5%A(48Ammol/mol).ATheAtestAshouldAbeAperformedAinAaAlaboratoryAusingAaAmetho
dAthatAisANGSPAcertifiedAandAstandardizedAtoAtheADCCTAassay*
OR
InAaApatientAwithAclassicAsymptomsAofAhyperglycemiaAorAhyperglycemicAcrisis,AaArandomAp
lasmaAglucoseA≥200Amg/dLA(11.1Ammol/L)
*InAtheAabsenceAofAunequivocalAhyperglycemia,AdiagnosisArequiresAtwoAabnormalAtestAres
ultsAfromAtheAsameAsampleAorAinAtwoAseparateAtestAsamples
pre-screeningAforADMA-ACORRECTAANSWERS-HbA1cA(asAmeasuredAinAaADCCT-
referencedAassay)A≥6.5%
OR
