NURS 366-EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ACCURATE ANSWERS
Diffusion ANSW✅✅the movement of respiratory gasses from one area to another by
concentration gradients
pneumonia ANSW✅✅inflammation of the lobes of the lung r/t viral/bacterial infection or
aspiration
symptoms include fever, malaise, non-productive cough, and chest pain
in adults it is often related to RSV
pulmonary embolism ANSW✅✅a blood clot that enters blood vessels in the lung, causing
obstruction of blood flow; death often occurs 1-2 hours after onset and patient presents as cardiac
arrest; VIRCHOWS TRIAD
leads to bronchoconstriction, impaired gas exchange, loss of alveolar surfactant, V/Q mismatch,
pulmonary HTN, tricuspid regurgitation, compression of right coronary artery, increased
BNP/troponins, necrosis of parenchyma
COPD ANSW✅✅progressive disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation (does not
include emphysema and chronic bronchitis)
symptoms include cough, sputum, progressive dyspnea (with exertion then with rest), accessory
muscle use, barrel chest, fatigue, polycythemia, CO2 retention, increased residual air trapping
cachexia presents as pt works so hard to simply breathe
atelectasis ANSW✅✅collapsed alveoli (they do not fill with air properly); d/t infection, blockage of
airways, compression, radiation scarring, pneumothorax
symptoms include dyspnea, diminished lung sounds, rales, and decreased O2 sats
, medication reconciliation ANSW✅✅the process of comparing a patient's medication orders to all
of the medications that the patient has been taking at home; especially important in elderly patients
6 rights of medication administration ANSW✅✅T= time
R= route
A= amount/dose
M= medication
P= patient
E= education/ reason (extra)
D= documentation
elders at risk for ADEs ANSW✅✅-age >85
-those with some level of renal insufficiency
-low weight
-those with >6 chronic illnesses
-those taking >12 med doses per day
-those with history of adverse drug reactions
Cardiac placement ANSW✅✅APE To Man
Aortic-right 2nd intercostal
Pulmonic-left 2nd intercostal
Erbs point- left 3rd intercostal
Tricuspid-left 4th intercostal
Mitral (apical) -left 5th intercostal
IV tubing change ANSW✅✅At least every 96hrs/4 days
Normal vital signs ANSW✅✅HR 60-100
ACCURATE ANSWERS
Diffusion ANSW✅✅the movement of respiratory gasses from one area to another by
concentration gradients
pneumonia ANSW✅✅inflammation of the lobes of the lung r/t viral/bacterial infection or
aspiration
symptoms include fever, malaise, non-productive cough, and chest pain
in adults it is often related to RSV
pulmonary embolism ANSW✅✅a blood clot that enters blood vessels in the lung, causing
obstruction of blood flow; death often occurs 1-2 hours after onset and patient presents as cardiac
arrest; VIRCHOWS TRIAD
leads to bronchoconstriction, impaired gas exchange, loss of alveolar surfactant, V/Q mismatch,
pulmonary HTN, tricuspid regurgitation, compression of right coronary artery, increased
BNP/troponins, necrosis of parenchyma
COPD ANSW✅✅progressive disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation (does not
include emphysema and chronic bronchitis)
symptoms include cough, sputum, progressive dyspnea (with exertion then with rest), accessory
muscle use, barrel chest, fatigue, polycythemia, CO2 retention, increased residual air trapping
cachexia presents as pt works so hard to simply breathe
atelectasis ANSW✅✅collapsed alveoli (they do not fill with air properly); d/t infection, blockage of
airways, compression, radiation scarring, pneumothorax
symptoms include dyspnea, diminished lung sounds, rales, and decreased O2 sats
, medication reconciliation ANSW✅✅the process of comparing a patient's medication orders to all
of the medications that the patient has been taking at home; especially important in elderly patients
6 rights of medication administration ANSW✅✅T= time
R= route
A= amount/dose
M= medication
P= patient
E= education/ reason (extra)
D= documentation
elders at risk for ADEs ANSW✅✅-age >85
-those with some level of renal insufficiency
-low weight
-those with >6 chronic illnesses
-those taking >12 med doses per day
-those with history of adverse drug reactions
Cardiac placement ANSW✅✅APE To Man
Aortic-right 2nd intercostal
Pulmonic-left 2nd intercostal
Erbs point- left 3rd intercostal
Tricuspid-left 4th intercostal
Mitral (apical) -left 5th intercostal
IV tubing change ANSW✅✅At least every 96hrs/4 days
Normal vital signs ANSW✅✅HR 60-100
