NURS 366-EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
treatment of oral candidiasis ANSW✅✅-self limiting
-treat with anti-fungal
-nystatin oral suspension
manifestations of tetrology of fallot ANSW✅✅"AFFLICT"
-Activity (tet spells occur during exertion; cyanosis, SOB, LOC, etc)
-Fingernail changes (clubbing)
-Fatigue/faints easily
-Lift knee to chest or squat during tet spell!
-Cardiac sounds (systolic murmur)
-Trouble feeding/thriving
cognitive impairment ANSW✅✅-any type of intellectual disability
-classified as mild, moderate, severe, or profound based on IQ
-most (about 85%) are mildly impaired
3 components of cognitive impairment diagnosis ANSW✅✅- intellectual functioning (IQ 70-75 or
below)
- functional strengths and weaknesses
- 18 years of age or less at time of diagnosis
developmental delay ANSW✅✅-Any significant lag or delay in physical, cognitive, behavioral,
emotional, or social development
-cognitive impairment DOES NOT exist
Early signs of developmental delay ANSW✅✅-irritable/ unresponsive to contact
-decreased alertness
,-delayed/difficult speech
-delayed gross motor skills
-feeing problems
-poor or abnormal eye contact during feeding
-dysmorphic features (such as in Down Syndrome)
nursing care for children with cognitive impairment ANSW✅✅-education!
-early intervention
-teach self care skills to child
-promote optimal development
-encourage play and exercise with developmentally appropriate toys
-provide means of communication
-establish discipline
-encourage centralization
-give info about sexuality and puberty
-measures to prevent cognitive impairment
manifestations of down syndrome ANSW✅✅-separated sagittal suture
-oblique palpable fissures
-upward/outward slant to eyes
-small nose with depressed nasal bridge
-smalls ears with short pinna
-high arched, narrow palate
-protruding tongue
-short and broad neck, excess skin folds
-palmar creases
-large space between big toes and other toes, plantar crease
-hypotonia/hyperflexibility
-congenital heart defects
nursing care for down syndrome ANSW✅✅-ECG during early neonatal period
, -regular medical care (hearing/vision screens, thyroid test)
-surgical correction of serious congenital problems
-support family during prognosis
-help prevent physical problems (positioning, feeding, reduce infection)
-provide proper skin care
-assist in prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling
fragile x syndrome ANSW✅✅-genetic disorder involving an abnormality in the X chromosome,
which becomes constricted and often breaks.
-most common inherited cause of cognitive impairment
-males more often affected
manifestations of fragile x syndrome ANSW✅✅-long face with protruding jaw
-large protruding ears
-large testes in males
-strabismus
-mitral valve prolapse/ aortic root dilation
-hypertonia/hyperflexibility
-mild to severe cognitive impairment
-ADHD/ADD or autistic-like behaviors
management of fragile x syndrome ANSW✅✅-no cure but normal life-span
-serotonin to control violent behavior outbursts
-early intervention programs
-multidisciplinary medical management
-education/support
-referral
-genetic counseling
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) ANSW✅✅-alteration in social interaction and verbal impairment
-repetitive, restricted, and stereotyped behavioral patterns
CORRECT ANSWERS
treatment of oral candidiasis ANSW✅✅-self limiting
-treat with anti-fungal
-nystatin oral suspension
manifestations of tetrology of fallot ANSW✅✅"AFFLICT"
-Activity (tet spells occur during exertion; cyanosis, SOB, LOC, etc)
-Fingernail changes (clubbing)
-Fatigue/faints easily
-Lift knee to chest or squat during tet spell!
-Cardiac sounds (systolic murmur)
-Trouble feeding/thriving
cognitive impairment ANSW✅✅-any type of intellectual disability
-classified as mild, moderate, severe, or profound based on IQ
-most (about 85%) are mildly impaired
3 components of cognitive impairment diagnosis ANSW✅✅- intellectual functioning (IQ 70-75 or
below)
- functional strengths and weaknesses
- 18 years of age or less at time of diagnosis
developmental delay ANSW✅✅-Any significant lag or delay in physical, cognitive, behavioral,
emotional, or social development
-cognitive impairment DOES NOT exist
Early signs of developmental delay ANSW✅✅-irritable/ unresponsive to contact
-decreased alertness
,-delayed/difficult speech
-delayed gross motor skills
-feeing problems
-poor or abnormal eye contact during feeding
-dysmorphic features (such as in Down Syndrome)
nursing care for children with cognitive impairment ANSW✅✅-education!
-early intervention
-teach self care skills to child
-promote optimal development
-encourage play and exercise with developmentally appropriate toys
-provide means of communication
-establish discipline
-encourage centralization
-give info about sexuality and puberty
-measures to prevent cognitive impairment
manifestations of down syndrome ANSW✅✅-separated sagittal suture
-oblique palpable fissures
-upward/outward slant to eyes
-small nose with depressed nasal bridge
-smalls ears with short pinna
-high arched, narrow palate
-protruding tongue
-short and broad neck, excess skin folds
-palmar creases
-large space between big toes and other toes, plantar crease
-hypotonia/hyperflexibility
-congenital heart defects
nursing care for down syndrome ANSW✅✅-ECG during early neonatal period
, -regular medical care (hearing/vision screens, thyroid test)
-surgical correction of serious congenital problems
-support family during prognosis
-help prevent physical problems (positioning, feeding, reduce infection)
-provide proper skin care
-assist in prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling
fragile x syndrome ANSW✅✅-genetic disorder involving an abnormality in the X chromosome,
which becomes constricted and often breaks.
-most common inherited cause of cognitive impairment
-males more often affected
manifestations of fragile x syndrome ANSW✅✅-long face with protruding jaw
-large protruding ears
-large testes in males
-strabismus
-mitral valve prolapse/ aortic root dilation
-hypertonia/hyperflexibility
-mild to severe cognitive impairment
-ADHD/ADD or autistic-like behaviors
management of fragile x syndrome ANSW✅✅-no cure but normal life-span
-serotonin to control violent behavior outbursts
-early intervention programs
-multidisciplinary medical management
-education/support
-referral
-genetic counseling
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) ANSW✅✅-alteration in social interaction and verbal impairment
-repetitive, restricted, and stereotyped behavioral patterns
