RD EXAM: MNT QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS |LATEST UPDATE 100%
SOLVED| GRADED A+
What is the MNT for lactose intolerance? reduce intake of foods containing lactose
milk products treated with lactose enzyme
solid milk products may be better tolerated
cultured milk products
What are the 5 most common cancer types in men? prostate, lung, colorectal, bladder and
melanoma
What are the 5 most common cancer types in women? breast, lung, colorectal, uterine and
ovarian
What are the dietary carcinogen inhibitors? antioxidants (vit C, E, selenium, and
carotenoids)
phytochemicals (anthocyanins, lycopene, indoles, sulforaphanes)
dietary fiber
How do the dietary carcinogen inhibitors work? inhibit neoplastic transformation
inhibit hormone dependent steps in tumor formation
protect genetic material from carcinogenic agents
,suppress free radical production
bulking agents to dilute carcinogens and decrease GI transit time
stimulators of psychologically active anticancer enzymes
What are the dietary carcinogen enhancers? fat in red meat
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (form when meat is grilled at high temps)
aflatoxins in peanuts
safrol in some plant oils
What is cancer cachexia syndrome? a complex metabolic state leads to depletion of energy
and muscle stores
promotes loss of adipose and skeletal muscle mass while preserving visceral muscle mass and
increasing hepatic mass
lipolysis is increased, lipogenesis is increased
What are the energy requirements for cancer patients? penn state 2003 for critically ill,
nonobese patients
ireton-jones or penn state 1998 for critically ill obese patients
What are the stress factors for energy requirements in cancer pts? Cancer- 1.1-1.45
Cancer, nutritional repletion, weight gain- 1.15-1.3
Ventilator support, catabolic- 1.5
,Sepsis- 1.5
What are the protein requirements for cancer patients? normal maintenance- 0.8-1
nonstressed cancer patient- 1-1.2
undergoing treatment- 1.2-1.5
stem cell transplant- 1.5-2
protein-losing enteropathies- 1.5-2
What are the American Cancer Society guidelines for prevention? eat a variety of mostly
healthful foods, with an emphasis on plant sources
eat 5 or more servings of produce daily
choose whole grains in preference to processed grains
limit consumption of red meats
choose foods that maintain healthy weight
adopt physically active lifestyle
maintain a healthy weight throughout life
limit consumption of alcoholic beverages
Nutritional complications of HIV/AIDS DIARRHEA AND MALABSORPTION- 50 % of all pts will
develop diarrhea. use a low fat diet with MCT oil for MNT
, DISORDERS OF THE ORAL CAVITY AND ESOPHAGUS- oral lesions are common and can lead to
mouth soreness and painful tongue/swallowing. MNT includes soft, moist foods, avoidance of
spicy or acidic foods, and avoidance of very hot or cold foods
NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS- CNS complications, including psychomotor impairment and severe
dementia; can cause inadequate nutrition. Decrease sensory preception can increase risk of
aspiration while swallowing
MNT for HIV/AIDS Energy requirements: 5-17% above REE with HIV infection; may be more
depending on stage
NO CHANGE IN PROTEIN
low fat diet if malabsorption and diarrhea are present
malabsorption may contribute to micronutrient deficiencies: zinc, selenuim, vits B6. B12, A and
E, muscle wasting
vit/min supplementation recommended
What are the 3 parts of the nutrition-focused physical assessment for malnutrition? -
parameters useful in the assessment in general nutritional status and the presence of
malnutrition
-clinical characteristics that the clinician can obtain and document to support a diagnosis of
malnutrition
-nutrition focused physical exam
What are the parameters useful in the assessment in general nutritional status and the
presence of malnutrition? subcutaneous fat loss
SOLVED| GRADED A+
What is the MNT for lactose intolerance? reduce intake of foods containing lactose
milk products treated with lactose enzyme
solid milk products may be better tolerated
cultured milk products
What are the 5 most common cancer types in men? prostate, lung, colorectal, bladder and
melanoma
What are the 5 most common cancer types in women? breast, lung, colorectal, uterine and
ovarian
What are the dietary carcinogen inhibitors? antioxidants (vit C, E, selenium, and
carotenoids)
phytochemicals (anthocyanins, lycopene, indoles, sulforaphanes)
dietary fiber
How do the dietary carcinogen inhibitors work? inhibit neoplastic transformation
inhibit hormone dependent steps in tumor formation
protect genetic material from carcinogenic agents
,suppress free radical production
bulking agents to dilute carcinogens and decrease GI transit time
stimulators of psychologically active anticancer enzymes
What are the dietary carcinogen enhancers? fat in red meat
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (form when meat is grilled at high temps)
aflatoxins in peanuts
safrol in some plant oils
What is cancer cachexia syndrome? a complex metabolic state leads to depletion of energy
and muscle stores
promotes loss of adipose and skeletal muscle mass while preserving visceral muscle mass and
increasing hepatic mass
lipolysis is increased, lipogenesis is increased
What are the energy requirements for cancer patients? penn state 2003 for critically ill,
nonobese patients
ireton-jones or penn state 1998 for critically ill obese patients
What are the stress factors for energy requirements in cancer pts? Cancer- 1.1-1.45
Cancer, nutritional repletion, weight gain- 1.15-1.3
Ventilator support, catabolic- 1.5
,Sepsis- 1.5
What are the protein requirements for cancer patients? normal maintenance- 0.8-1
nonstressed cancer patient- 1-1.2
undergoing treatment- 1.2-1.5
stem cell transplant- 1.5-2
protein-losing enteropathies- 1.5-2
What are the American Cancer Society guidelines for prevention? eat a variety of mostly
healthful foods, with an emphasis on plant sources
eat 5 or more servings of produce daily
choose whole grains in preference to processed grains
limit consumption of red meats
choose foods that maintain healthy weight
adopt physically active lifestyle
maintain a healthy weight throughout life
limit consumption of alcoholic beverages
Nutritional complications of HIV/AIDS DIARRHEA AND MALABSORPTION- 50 % of all pts will
develop diarrhea. use a low fat diet with MCT oil for MNT
, DISORDERS OF THE ORAL CAVITY AND ESOPHAGUS- oral lesions are common and can lead to
mouth soreness and painful tongue/swallowing. MNT includes soft, moist foods, avoidance of
spicy or acidic foods, and avoidance of very hot or cold foods
NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS- CNS complications, including psychomotor impairment and severe
dementia; can cause inadequate nutrition. Decrease sensory preception can increase risk of
aspiration while swallowing
MNT for HIV/AIDS Energy requirements: 5-17% above REE with HIV infection; may be more
depending on stage
NO CHANGE IN PROTEIN
low fat diet if malabsorption and diarrhea are present
malabsorption may contribute to micronutrient deficiencies: zinc, selenuim, vits B6. B12, A and
E, muscle wasting
vit/min supplementation recommended
What are the 3 parts of the nutrition-focused physical assessment for malnutrition? -
parameters useful in the assessment in general nutritional status and the presence of
malnutrition
-clinical characteristics that the clinician can obtain and document to support a diagnosis of
malnutrition
-nutrition focused physical exam
What are the parameters useful in the assessment in general nutritional status and the
presence of malnutrition? subcutaneous fat loss
