MNT FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS |LATEST UPDATE 100%
SOLVED| GRADED A+
what labs do you look at for kidney function BUN creatine GFR and K
prokinetic enhances gastric emptying and peristalsis
what is the medication metoclopramide used for gastric emptying and peristalsis
foxglove is used to make digoxin, what is it's function increases function and SV
omeprazole used to treat GERD
Critically ill heart transplant patient- what would you use for fluid, energy, and protein
requirements? -Protein= 1.5g-2.0g/kg of body weight
-Calories= Mifflin St. Jeor equation, or 30-35kcals per kg body weight
-Fluid= 1mL per kcal
-Food safety and infection protection are what you worry about the most- bc/ they are on
immunosuppressants
What is one of the first thing that happens when you swallow a med? -dissolution
-ionization- changes in charge
,-solubilization
-crosses the gut membrane- needs a chaperone to carry it in the blood- albumin picks it up and
takes it to the liver
-in the liver, the P450 biotransforms ità metaboliteà receptorà outcome
What is the first thing to do when doing an assessment on someone who has many
comorbidities and on many drugs? -drug nutrient interactions
-look at their labs- check out their kidney and liver function
Corticosteroids- prednisone -given to treat inflammation
-increase loss of Ca+ in the urine
-decreases Ca+ absorption
-can cause Cushing's disease if used for a long time- characterized by moon face
-makes blood glucose go crazy- especially initially
NSAIDs + alcohol = PUD
list some characteristics of the geriatric population -high risk for polypharmacy
-decreased absorption due to atrophic gastritis- decrease HCl, IF, and mucous production
-drug nutrient interactions are high- dosing is different for geriatrics
-BEERS criteria- a list of drugs that should not be given to geriatrics
-afraid of falls, confusion/delirium/ hypo/hyperglycemia, adverse effects
,-neuroleptics, antipsychotics, antianxiety meds- should NOT be used
Primary hypertension (essential hypertension hypertension is salt sensitive, its genetic
predisposition- not caused by something else.
secondary HTN as a result of something else- like atherosclerosis, kidney disease, etc.
tertiary HTN caused by maybe a medication given to treat dyslipidemia- caused by the
treatment of a different disease
Risk factors for esophagitis GERD, Obesity, smoking, family history, eosinophilia
-seen in alcoholics a lot- esophageal varices
K sparing diuretics spironolactone-blocks aldosterone
most common thiazide HCTZ-hydrocholorthiazide
Different administration routes for meds -IV, buccal (in the cheek), sublingual, orally,
topically, enteral, inhalation, peritoneal, subcutaneous, otic, ophthalmic, intramuscular,
epidural, intrathecal, rectal
What can cause bleeding -aspirin (ASA)
, -blood thinners- warfarin
-Vitamin E
-gingko, ginger
iron deficient microcytic and hypochromic RBCs
pernicious anemia b12 deficiency- it is insidious (comes on gradually)
-causes irreversible nerve damage
-folate can mask a B12 deficiency
aplastic anemia cannot make RBC's
list some types of anemia iron deficient
pernicious anemia
aplastic anemia
folate anemia
b6 anemia
hemolytic anemia
sickle cell anemia
hemolytic anemia can be due to a vit e deficiency
SOLVED| GRADED A+
what labs do you look at for kidney function BUN creatine GFR and K
prokinetic enhances gastric emptying and peristalsis
what is the medication metoclopramide used for gastric emptying and peristalsis
foxglove is used to make digoxin, what is it's function increases function and SV
omeprazole used to treat GERD
Critically ill heart transplant patient- what would you use for fluid, energy, and protein
requirements? -Protein= 1.5g-2.0g/kg of body weight
-Calories= Mifflin St. Jeor equation, or 30-35kcals per kg body weight
-Fluid= 1mL per kcal
-Food safety and infection protection are what you worry about the most- bc/ they are on
immunosuppressants
What is one of the first thing that happens when you swallow a med? -dissolution
-ionization- changes in charge
,-solubilization
-crosses the gut membrane- needs a chaperone to carry it in the blood- albumin picks it up and
takes it to the liver
-in the liver, the P450 biotransforms ità metaboliteà receptorà outcome
What is the first thing to do when doing an assessment on someone who has many
comorbidities and on many drugs? -drug nutrient interactions
-look at their labs- check out their kidney and liver function
Corticosteroids- prednisone -given to treat inflammation
-increase loss of Ca+ in the urine
-decreases Ca+ absorption
-can cause Cushing's disease if used for a long time- characterized by moon face
-makes blood glucose go crazy- especially initially
NSAIDs + alcohol = PUD
list some characteristics of the geriatric population -high risk for polypharmacy
-decreased absorption due to atrophic gastritis- decrease HCl, IF, and mucous production
-drug nutrient interactions are high- dosing is different for geriatrics
-BEERS criteria- a list of drugs that should not be given to geriatrics
-afraid of falls, confusion/delirium/ hypo/hyperglycemia, adverse effects
,-neuroleptics, antipsychotics, antianxiety meds- should NOT be used
Primary hypertension (essential hypertension hypertension is salt sensitive, its genetic
predisposition- not caused by something else.
secondary HTN as a result of something else- like atherosclerosis, kidney disease, etc.
tertiary HTN caused by maybe a medication given to treat dyslipidemia- caused by the
treatment of a different disease
Risk factors for esophagitis GERD, Obesity, smoking, family history, eosinophilia
-seen in alcoholics a lot- esophageal varices
K sparing diuretics spironolactone-blocks aldosterone
most common thiazide HCTZ-hydrocholorthiazide
Different administration routes for meds -IV, buccal (in the cheek), sublingual, orally,
topically, enteral, inhalation, peritoneal, subcutaneous, otic, ophthalmic, intramuscular,
epidural, intrathecal, rectal
What can cause bleeding -aspirin (ASA)
, -blood thinners- warfarin
-Vitamin E
-gingko, ginger
iron deficient microcytic and hypochromic RBCs
pernicious anemia b12 deficiency- it is insidious (comes on gradually)
-causes irreversible nerve damage
-folate can mask a B12 deficiency
aplastic anemia cannot make RBC's
list some types of anemia iron deficient
pernicious anemia
aplastic anemia
folate anemia
b6 anemia
hemolytic anemia
sickle cell anemia
hemolytic anemia can be due to a vit e deficiency
