MNT: UPPER GI QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS |LATEST UPDATE 100%
SOLVED| GRADED A+
Achalasia Motility disorder in which there is an absence of peristalsis or a weakened
esophageal peristalsis
Unknown cause (maybe autoimmune destruction of ganglion cells after infectious event)
Loss of ganglion cells impacts both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters (prevents
relaxation of LES)
Achalasia Symptoms Dysphagia, vomiting, pain upon swallowing
Foods/fluids accumulate int eh LES causing it to become dilated
Achalasia Treatment (Med) Nitrates and calcium channel blocker
Botulinum toxin
Dilation or surgical myotome
Achalasia MNT Nutrition education for modifying texture and increasing nutrient density
MNT Post Esophagectomy -promote healing
-prvent any nutritional deficiencies
,-Follow nutriiton guidelines for prevention of dumping syndrome if patient is at risk
-enteral feeding should be continued until patient is consistently consuming >60% of energy
and protein needs orally
Dyspepsia Indigestion: nonspecific abdominal distress
Nausea/Vomting Caused by drugs/toxins/metbolic conditions/stress/extreme emotions
-treatment of underlying cause is important
-medications/antiemetics
-complications of prolonged vomitting: rupture, hematemesis, dehydration, acid-base
imbalances, malnutrition, aspiration, pneumonia
Liquids to try after vomiting has stopped water, apple juice, sports drink, warm/cold tea,
lemonade
Nutritional Intervention for Vomting -first suck on ice chips if over 3 years old
-if tolerated, start with 1 teaspoon (5g) every 10 minutes
-increase to 1 tbsp (15g) every 20 minutes
-double the amount of fluid every hour
-progress to other liquids as tolerated
-if diarrhea is present, use only rehydration beverage
, Oral Rehydration Solution Purified water (1L), Salt (2.5mL), Sugar (30 mL)
Oral rehydration Solution Instructions Children under age 2: 50-100mL after eaach loose
stool, up to about 0.5L a day
Children 2-9: 100-200 mL after each loose stool, up to about 1L a day
Persons 10 years and older: as much as water up to about 2L a day
Solid Food Reintroduction After no vomiting for at least 8 hours: start oral intake, slowly by
adding one solid food at a time in very small increments
-Avoid food that is high in fat or fiber as well as food that has a strong odor or is gas producing
-use of ginger to treat nausea and vomting may help
-take meds after eating
recommended solid foods:'grains (dry toast, crackers, pretzels, rice or rice cereal, potato),
milk/dairy (yogurt/sherbert), meat/poulty/fish (clear broth, baked chicken, eggs)
N/V Nutritional Implications Inadequate intake, dehydration, acid-base imbalance, learned
food aversions
N/V Nutritional Diagnosis Altered GI function, involuntary weight loss, inadequate fluid
intake, inadequate oral intake
SOLVED| GRADED A+
Achalasia Motility disorder in which there is an absence of peristalsis or a weakened
esophageal peristalsis
Unknown cause (maybe autoimmune destruction of ganglion cells after infectious event)
Loss of ganglion cells impacts both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters (prevents
relaxation of LES)
Achalasia Symptoms Dysphagia, vomiting, pain upon swallowing
Foods/fluids accumulate int eh LES causing it to become dilated
Achalasia Treatment (Med) Nitrates and calcium channel blocker
Botulinum toxin
Dilation or surgical myotome
Achalasia MNT Nutrition education for modifying texture and increasing nutrient density
MNT Post Esophagectomy -promote healing
-prvent any nutritional deficiencies
,-Follow nutriiton guidelines for prevention of dumping syndrome if patient is at risk
-enteral feeding should be continued until patient is consistently consuming >60% of energy
and protein needs orally
Dyspepsia Indigestion: nonspecific abdominal distress
Nausea/Vomting Caused by drugs/toxins/metbolic conditions/stress/extreme emotions
-treatment of underlying cause is important
-medications/antiemetics
-complications of prolonged vomitting: rupture, hematemesis, dehydration, acid-base
imbalances, malnutrition, aspiration, pneumonia
Liquids to try after vomiting has stopped water, apple juice, sports drink, warm/cold tea,
lemonade
Nutritional Intervention for Vomting -first suck on ice chips if over 3 years old
-if tolerated, start with 1 teaspoon (5g) every 10 minutes
-increase to 1 tbsp (15g) every 20 minutes
-double the amount of fluid every hour
-progress to other liquids as tolerated
-if diarrhea is present, use only rehydration beverage
, Oral Rehydration Solution Purified water (1L), Salt (2.5mL), Sugar (30 mL)
Oral rehydration Solution Instructions Children under age 2: 50-100mL after eaach loose
stool, up to about 0.5L a day
Children 2-9: 100-200 mL after each loose stool, up to about 1L a day
Persons 10 years and older: as much as water up to about 2L a day
Solid Food Reintroduction After no vomiting for at least 8 hours: start oral intake, slowly by
adding one solid food at a time in very small increments
-Avoid food that is high in fat or fiber as well as food that has a strong odor or is gas producing
-use of ginger to treat nausea and vomting may help
-take meds after eating
recommended solid foods:'grains (dry toast, crackers, pretzels, rice or rice cereal, potato),
milk/dairy (yogurt/sherbert), meat/poulty/fish (clear broth, baked chicken, eggs)
N/V Nutritional Implications Inadequate intake, dehydration, acid-base imbalance, learned
food aversions
N/V Nutritional Diagnosis Altered GI function, involuntary weight loss, inadequate fluid
intake, inadequate oral intake
