Summary HESI A2 REVIEW TEST BANK, Biology, Grammar, Reading, A&P, Maths Questions & Answers, Summer
HESI A2 REVIEW TEST BANK Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory? Pharynx. Golgi apparatus functions as? Process protein secretion. Synthesize carbs and glycoproteins. 1. How many carbs per gram do carbohydrates contain? 4. 2. When water molecules move across cell membrane from high to low concentration this process is called? Osmosis. 3. What is the result of carbon dioxide in the body? Body becomes more acidic. 4. What part of the body is the lower back? Lumbar. 5. High levels of which ion would most likely result in a cardiac arrest? Potassium. 6. What blood vessel prefuses the kidney? Renal vein. 7. Which gland is located on the anterior surface of the trachea? Thyroid gland. 8. In white blood cells what contributes to phagocytosis? Macrophages, neutrophils. 9. What structure of the eye picks out color? Retina. 10. What is the outer most protective layer of the skin? Epidermis. 11. The organ of corti is located in? Ear. 12. Where in the body are nutrients absorbed? Small intestine. 13. What cell structure regulates the transportation of substances in and out the cell? Plasma membrane. 14. The rough endoplasmic reticulum functions in the human cell to? Synthesize protein. 15. Tissue repair is enhanced by a diet high in? Protein. 16. What is the definition of chyme? Bolus that turns into soupy substance. 17. What are hormones? Chemical messengers. 18. What female reproductive organ produces oocytes, estrogen, and progesterone? Ovaries. 19. What structure is located in the upper airways? Nose and pharynx. 20. What cellular process helps to move debris and mucous through the lining of tubules? Cilia. 21. Which is a hollow organ? Gall bladder. 22. Which muscle is included in the quadriceps femoris group? Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, vastus medilis, and vastus intermedius. 23. Which structure is responsible for normal respiratory function? Medulla oblongata. 24. Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland? ADH and OT. 25. Client has a large pituitary tumor what part of the body does this effect? Head hurt, sickness, and low blood pressure. 26. What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system's stimulation is increased? Blood pressure rises, goose bumps. 27. The buttocks are which surface of the body? Dorsal. 28. The esophagus is located in which body cavity? Thoracic. 29. The tympanic membrane is located between which structures? External auditory canal and middle ear. 30. How many days is the average menstrual cycle? 28 days. 31. Which structure produces T-lymphocytes? Thymus. 32. A person who has damaged the ulnar nerve will have decreased sensation in which area? Inability to adduct arms and finger. 33. Calcaneus is located in? Foot. 34. Urinary system in the human body primary task is to? Expel waste. 35. Which of the following produce progesterone to prepare the uterus for pregnancy? Corpus lutetium. 36. What are fingerprints made of? Friction Ridges dac. 37. ABCD of cancer? Melanoma. 38. Which of the following location would the urinary bladder & internal reproductive organ be found? Pelvic region. 39. Which one increases angle at the joint? Extensor. 40. What's the order of organization of living things? Organelle, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, and biosphere. 41. What bones are formed first during intramembraneous ossification? Flat bone of face and cranial. 42. Which hormone is released by the posterior lobe? Oxytocin. 43. Where does an infant get its blood after birth? Bone marrow. 44. Put bone remodeling steps in order: Hematoma, formation of callus, ossification of callus, remodeling. 45. What is the largest chamber of the heart? Left ventricle 46. Cellular contact is important for? Wound healing 47. What are the bones of the forearm? radius and ulna 48. Broken humerus adolescent Classified as a proximal fracture or a shaft fracture 49. Deviated septum occurs during fetal devolpment ... ... Abstain To voluntary refrain from something. Ex: The dental hygienist instructed the patient to abstain from smoking to improve his breath odor. Acute Sudden, intense. Ex: The nurse administered the prescribed pain medication to the patient who was experiencing acute pain after surgery. Adhere To hold fast or stick together. Ex: The tape must adhere to the patient's skin to hold the bandage in place. Adverse Undesired, possibly harmful. Ex: Vomiting is an adverse effect of many medications. Aegis Control, protection. Ex: Unit staffing decisions are under the aegis of the nurse manager. Ambivalent Uncertain, having contradictory feelings. Ex: After learning that she had breast cancer, the patient was ambivalent about having a mastectomy. Assent To give consent; to agree. Ex: The patient was asked to assent to the surgery by signing the informed consent document. Audible Able to be heard. Ex: The respiratory therapist noted the patient's audible wheezing as a symptom of the patient's asthma. Bacteria Single-celled, microscopic organisms. Ex: The physician ordered a laboratory test to confirm that the patient's illness was caused by bacteria rather than a virus. Bilateral Present on two sides. Ex: The unlicensed assistive personnel reported to the nurse that the patient had bilateral weakness in the legs when walking. Cavity An opening or an empty area. Ex: The nurse inspected the patient's oral cavity for lesions. Cease Come to an end. Ex: Because the patient's breathing had ceased, the paramedic began resuscitation measures. Compensatory Offsetting or making up for something. Ex: When the patient's blood pressure decreased, the paramedic noted that the heart rate increased, which the paramedic recognized as a compensatory action. Concave Rounded inward. Ex: The dietician noticed that the patient was very thin and that the patient's abdomen appeared concave. Concise Brief, to the point. Ex: When teaching a patient, the nurse tried to be concise so that the instructions would be easy to remember. Consistency Degree of viscosity; how thick or thin a fluid is. Ex: The respiratory therapist notices that the mucus the patient was coughing was of a thin, watery consistency. Constrict To come together or become smaller. Ex: The nurse knows that the small blood vessels of the skin will constrict when ice is applied to the skin. Contingent Dependent. Ex: The hygienist told the patient that a healthy mouth is contingent on careful daily brushing and flossing. Contraindication A reason something should not be done. Ex: The patient's excessive bleeding was a contraindication for discharge from the hospital. Convulsive Violent shaking of the body. Ex: Epilepsy is a convulsive disorder. Cursory Quick, perfunctory (minimum of effort), not thorough. Ex: During triage, the paramedic gave each accident victim a cursory examination. Depress Press downward. Ex: The nurse will depress the patient's skin to see if any swelling is present. Depth Downward measurement from a surface. Ex: The physician measures the depth of a wound by inserting a cotton swab into the wound. Diagnosis Identification of an injury or disease. Ex: The patient received a diagnosis of pancreatitis. Dilute To make a liquid less concentrated. Ex: The pharmacy technician suggests that the patient use fruit juice to dilute a foul-tasting drug so that the medication will be easier to swallow. Discrete Distinct, separate. Ex: The paramedic observed several discrete bruise marks on the patients body. Distended Enlarged or expanded from pressure. Ex: When a blood vessel is distended, the laboratory technician can easily insert a needle to obtain a blood sample. Etiology The origin or cause of a disease. Ex: The nurse interviewed the patient to determine the etiology of the patient's food poisoning. Exacerbate To make worse or more severe. Ex: The physical therapist recognized that too much exercise would exacerbate the patient's breathing condition. Extension Lengthening; unbending a joint. Ex: The physical therapist helped the patient perform extension and flexion exercises. Fatal Resulting in death. Ex: The emergency medical technicians arrived too late to save any lives at the scene of the fatal car accident. Flexion Bending a joint. Ex: Arthritis can make flexion of the fingers difficult. Flushed Reddened or ruddy appearance. Ex: The therapist observed that the patient's face was flushed after the patient completed the exercises. Gastrointestinal Relating to the stomach and intestines. Ex: The patient was diagnosed with a gastrointestinal disease. Hematologic Relating to blood. Ex: Pregnancy can put a woman at risk for anemia, which is a hematologic disorder. Impending Occurring in the near future, about to happen. Ex: The nurse manager increased the emergency room staffing in anticipation of accidents being caused by the impending snowstorm. Impervious Impenetrable, not able to pass through. Ex: Standard precautions require the use of impervious gloves when bodily fluids are handled. Incidence Occurrence. Ex: In recent years there has been an increased incidence of infections that do not respond to antibiotics. Infection Contamination or invasion of body tissue by pathogenic organisms. Ex: The doctor prescribed antibiotics for the patient with a bacterial infection. Insidious Gradual; to not become apparent for a long time. Ex: The physician explained that the cancer probably started years ago but had not been detected because its spread was insidious. Intact In place, unharmed. Ex: The nurse observed that the patient's bandage was intact. Invasive Inserting or entering into a body part. Ex: The laboratory technician is careful when obtaining blood samples because this invasive procedure may cause problems such as infection or bruising. Kinetic Movement. Ex: Kinetic energy from the battery of the medical assistant's tablet caused the device to feel warm to the touch. Labile Changing rapidly and often. Ex: Because the child's temperature was very labile, the nurse instructed the unlicensed assistive personnel to check the temperature frequently. Laceration Cut; tear Ex: After the accident, the paramedic examined the patient's lacerations. Latent Present, but not active or visible. Ex: The latent infection produced symptoms only when the patient's condition was weakened from another illness. Lateral On the side. Ex: The physical therapist recommended exercises to help increase the strength of the patient's lateral muscles. Lethargic Difficult to arouse (awake). Ex: The unlicensed assistive personnel observed that on the morning after a patient received a sleeping pill, the patient was too lethargic to eat breakfast. Manifestation An indication or sign of a condition. Ex: The dietician looked for manifestations of poor nutrition, such as excessive weight loss and poor skin condition. Neurologic Relating to the nervous system. Ex: The nurse checked the neurologic status of the patient who was brought to the emergency room after a motor cycle accident. Neurovascular Relating to the nervous system and blood vessels. Ex: Strokes and aneurysms are neurovasular disorders. Nutrient Substance or ingredient that provides nourishment. Ex: The dietician explains that fruits and vegetables contain nutrients that reduce the risk of some cancers. Occluded Closed or obstructed. Ex: Because the patient's foot was cold and blue, the nurse reported that the patient's circulation to that foot was occluded. Otic Of the ear Ex. The physician prescribed an otic medication to treat the patient's ear infection. Parameter A characteristic or constant factor, limit. Ex: The dietician explained that the number of calories needed for energy is one of the important parameters of a healthy diet. Patent Open. Ex: The nurse checked to see whether the IV needle was patent before giving the patient a medication. Pathogenic Able to cause disease. Ex: Viruses and bacteria are pathogenic organisms. Pathology Processes, causes, and effects of a disease; abnormality Ex: the doctor called to request the pathology report for her patient. Posterior Located behind; in the back. Ex: The dentist examines the posterior surface of the tooth for a cavity. Potent Producing a strong effect. Ex: The potent medication immediately relieved the patient's pain. Precipitous Rapid, uncontrolled. Ex: The paramedic assisted the pregnant woman during a precipitous delivery in her home. Predispose To make more susceptible or likely to occur. Ex: The dietician explains that high dietary fat intake predisposes some people to heart disease. Prognosis The expected course or outcome. Ex: The physician explained that, with treatment, the patient's prognosis was for a long and healthy life. Rationale The underlying reason. Ex: To make sure that the patient will follow the diet instructions, the dietician explains the rationale for the low-salt diet. Renal Relating to the kidneys. Ex: The nurse closely monitored the oral intake and urinary output of the patient with acute renal failure. Serene Calm, tranquil. Ex: The massage therapist played serene music during the massage session to help the patient relax. Sublingual Under the tongue. Ex: The patient was prescribed a sublingual medication for chest pain. Supplement To take in addition to or to complete. Ex: The dietician instructed the patients to supplement their diets with calcium tablets to help build strong bones. Symptom An indication of a problem. Ex: The nurse recognized that the patient's weakness was a symptom of bleeding after surgery. Syndrome Group of symptoms that reflect a specific disease or disorder. Ex: After reviewing the patient's symptoms, which included pain and tingling in the hand and fingers, the physician made a diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. Therapeutic Relating to the treatment of a disease or disorder. Ex: Therapeutic diets may include calorie and salt restrictions. Transdermal Crossing through the skin. Ex: The physician prescribed a transdermal nicotine patch for a patient participating in the smoking cessation program. Transmission Transfer, such as of a disease, from one person to another. Ex: Nurses should wash their hands to prevent the transmission of infections. Trauma Injury, wound. Ex: The accident victim had severe facial trauma Triage A process used to determine the priority of treatment for patients according to the severity of a patient's condition and likelihood of benefit from the treatment. Ex: When the paramedics arrived at the scene of an accident, they had to triage the patients. Ubiquitous Being or seeming to be everywhere at once. Ex: The patient notices the ubiquitous "no smoking" signs in the clinic. Vascular Relating to blood vessels. Ex: The patient underwent vascular surgery for repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Virulent Extremely harmful and severe. Ex: The virulent infection required an aggressive treatment regimen. Virus infectious agent capable of replicating only in living cells, usually causing infectious disease. Ex: A person with a cold who goes shopping can transmit the virus to others. Empathy Ability to share what others are feeling; understanding the feelings of another. Ex: After being diagnosed with cancer, the physician felt more empathy toward the patients with cancer. How many milliliters are in 1 ounce? 30 How many milliliters are in 8 ounces? 240 How many ounces are in a cup? 8 How many cups are in a pint? 2 How many pints are in a quart? 2 How many quarts are in a gallon? 4 How many cups are in a gallon? 16 How many pints are in a gallon? 8 How many cups are in a quart? 4 How many ounces are in a pint? 16 How many ounces are in a quart? 32 How many ounces are in a gallon? 128 How many milliliters are in a cubic centimeter (cc)? 1 How many milliliters are in 1 cup? 240 How many milliliters are in 1 quart? 960 How many milliliters are in 1 tablespoon? 15 How many milliliters are in 1 teaspoon? 5 How many teaspoons are in one tablespoon? 3 How many tablespoons are in one ounce? 2 How many teaspoons are in one ounce? 6 How many tablespoons are in 1 cup? 16 How many milliliters are in 1 liter? 1,000 A patient is given 1 teaspoon of medication every 6 hours. How many milliliters of medication would he receive in 24 hours? 20 A patient consumed 1 pint of milk, 8 ounces of water, and 12 ounces of soda in one day. How many milliliters did he consume total? 1080 A patient is given 500 ml of fluids every 4 hours. How many liters would she get over 12 hours? 1.5 One 2 liter bottle of soda contains approximately how many ounces? 67 One 20 ounce bottle of soda contains approximately how many ml? 600 A patient's prescription cough medicine bottle has 10 tablespoons remaining in it. How many ml are in the bottle? 150 Joan donates 2 pints of blood. How many milliliters of blood did she give? 960 How many tablespoons in a oz? 2 tablespoons Convert to milliliters: 2 cups 480 How many mL in a teaspoon? 5 mL How many mL in a pint? 473 Convert 2 tsp to mL 10 Convert to milliliters: 1.5 liters 1500 Convert to milliliters: 4 ounces 120 Convert 6 tsp to mL 30 Convert to ounces: 1 liter 34 How many oz in a pint? 16 oz Convert to ounces: 4 tablespoons 2 Convert to ounces: 12 teaspoons 2 Convert to ounces: 1.5 gallons 192 Convert to ounces: 240 ml 8 Convert to ounces: 1.2 liters 40 Convert to ounces: 2 liters 66 Jorge drank 720 ml of soda with dinner. How many ounces did he drink? ****************************************CONTINUED******************257pages
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Miami Dade College
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BIOLOGY MCB3023
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