Medical asepsis - ANSWER includes all practices to confine microorganisms to a specific area.
-aka clean technique
-hand washing or wearing gloved
-limits the number, growth, and transmission of microorganisms
-objects are referred to as soiled or contaminated
surgical asepsis - ANSWER -aka sterile technique
-used to render and keep objects and areas free from microorganisms
-inserting a catheter or IV
the infection cycle - ANSWER consists of:
-infectious agent
-reservoir
-portal of exit
-means of transmission
-portals of entry
-susceptible host
it is a nurses role to break the cycle
Gram-positive bacteria - ANSWER Bacteria that have a thick peptido glycan cell wall, and no outer
membrane. They stain very darkly (purple) in Gram stain.
gram negative bacteria - ANSWER bacteria that have a thin peptido glycan cell wall and an outer cell
membrane. Do not stain
,An organism's potential to produce disease in a person depends on a variety of factors, including: -
ANSWER -number of organisms
-virulence of the organism
-competence of the person's immune system
-length and intimacy of the contact between the person and the microorganism
Colinization - ANSWER when normal flora of the body becomes harmful when certain factors occur or
the host is susceptible
common portals of exit - ANSWER Respiratory
Gastrointestinal
Genitourinary tracts
Breaks in skin
Blood and tissue
direct contact transmission - ANSWER requires close association between infected and susceptible host
-touching, kissing, or sexual intercourse
indirect contact transmission - ANSWER spreads to a host by a nonliving object (fomites)
-nurses scrubs
means of transmission for staphylococcus aureus - ANSWER -contact (direct)
means of transmission of hep b - ANSWER contacts (indirect)
means of transmission of HIV - ANSWER contact (direct)
means of transmission for tb - ANSWER airborne and vectors
, means of transmission of borrelia burgdorferi - ANSWER contacts (direct)
means of transmission of E coli - ANSWER contact (ingestion)
means of transmission of salmonella - ANSWER contact (ingestion)
incubation period - ANSWER the period between exposure to an infection and the appearance of the
first symptoms
prodromal stage - ANSWER person is most infectious, vague and nonspecific signs of disease
full stage of illness - ANSWER presence of specific signs and symptoms of disease
convalescent period - ANSWER as a person begins to respond to the infection, symptoms decline
cardinal signs for acute infection - ANSWER redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function at the site
of injury
elderly are more prone to pulmonary infections because: - ANSWER -decreased cough reflex
-decreased elastic recoil of lungs
-decreased activity of cilia
-abnormal swallowing reflexes
elderly are more prone UTIs because - ANSWER -incomplete emptying of bladder
-decreased sphincter control
-bladder outlet obstruction due to enlarged prostate
-pelvic floor relaxation due to estrogen depletion
-aka clean technique
-hand washing or wearing gloved
-limits the number, growth, and transmission of microorganisms
-objects are referred to as soiled or contaminated
surgical asepsis - ANSWER -aka sterile technique
-used to render and keep objects and areas free from microorganisms
-inserting a catheter or IV
the infection cycle - ANSWER consists of:
-infectious agent
-reservoir
-portal of exit
-means of transmission
-portals of entry
-susceptible host
it is a nurses role to break the cycle
Gram-positive bacteria - ANSWER Bacteria that have a thick peptido glycan cell wall, and no outer
membrane. They stain very darkly (purple) in Gram stain.
gram negative bacteria - ANSWER bacteria that have a thin peptido glycan cell wall and an outer cell
membrane. Do not stain
,An organism's potential to produce disease in a person depends on a variety of factors, including: -
ANSWER -number of organisms
-virulence of the organism
-competence of the person's immune system
-length and intimacy of the contact between the person and the microorganism
Colinization - ANSWER when normal flora of the body becomes harmful when certain factors occur or
the host is susceptible
common portals of exit - ANSWER Respiratory
Gastrointestinal
Genitourinary tracts
Breaks in skin
Blood and tissue
direct contact transmission - ANSWER requires close association between infected and susceptible host
-touching, kissing, or sexual intercourse
indirect contact transmission - ANSWER spreads to a host by a nonliving object (fomites)
-nurses scrubs
means of transmission for staphylococcus aureus - ANSWER -contact (direct)
means of transmission of hep b - ANSWER contacts (indirect)
means of transmission of HIV - ANSWER contact (direct)
means of transmission for tb - ANSWER airborne and vectors
, means of transmission of borrelia burgdorferi - ANSWER contacts (direct)
means of transmission of E coli - ANSWER contact (ingestion)
means of transmission of salmonella - ANSWER contact (ingestion)
incubation period - ANSWER the period between exposure to an infection and the appearance of the
first symptoms
prodromal stage - ANSWER person is most infectious, vague and nonspecific signs of disease
full stage of illness - ANSWER presence of specific signs and symptoms of disease
convalescent period - ANSWER as a person begins to respond to the infection, symptoms decline
cardinal signs for acute infection - ANSWER redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function at the site
of injury
elderly are more prone to pulmonary infections because: - ANSWER -decreased cough reflex
-decreased elastic recoil of lungs
-decreased activity of cilia
-abnormal swallowing reflexes
elderly are more prone UTIs because - ANSWER -incomplete emptying of bladder
-decreased sphincter control
-bladder outlet obstruction due to enlarged prostate
-pelvic floor relaxation due to estrogen depletion
