ISC2 – CC 2025/2026 Exam Questions
with 100% Correct Answers | Latest
Update
Application Server - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A computer responsible for hosting
applications to user workstations. NIST SP 800-82 Rev.2
Asymmetric Encryption - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔An algorithm that uses one key to
encrypt and a different key to decrypt the input plaintext.
Checksum - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A digit representing the sum of the correct
digits in a piece of stored or transmitted digital data, against which later
comparisons can be made to detect errors in the data.
Ciphertext - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The altered form of a plaintext message so it is
unreadable for anyone except the intended recipients. In other words, it has
been turned into a secret.
Classification - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Classification identifies the degree of harm
to the organization, its stakeholders or others that might result if an
information asset is divulged to an unauthorized person, process or
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,organization. In short, classification is focused first and foremost on
maintaining the confidentiality of the data, based on the data sensitivity.
Configuration management - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A process and discipline used
to ensure that the only changes made to a system are those that have
been authorized and validated.
Cryptanalyst - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔One who performs cryptanalysis which is the
study of mathematical techniques for attempting to defeat cryptographic
techniques and/or information systems security. This includes the process
of looking for errors or weaknesses in the implementation of an algorithm or
of the algorithm itself.
Cryptography - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The study or applications of methods to
secure or protect the meaning and content of messages, files, or other
information, usually by disguise, obscuration, or other transformations of
that content and meaning.
Data Loss Prevention (DLP) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔System capabilities designed
to detect and prevent the unauthorized use and transmission of
information.
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,Decryption - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The reverse process from encryption. It is the
process of converting a ciphertext message back into plaintext through the
use of the cryptographic algorithm and the appropriate key for decryption
(which is the same for symmetric encryption, but different for asymmetric
encryption). This term is also used interchangeably with the "deciphering."
Degaussing - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A technique of erasing data on disk or tape
(including video tapes) that, when performed properly, ensures that there is
insufficient magnetic remanence to reconstruct data.
Digital Signature - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The result of a cryptographic
transformation of data which, when properly implemented, provides the
services of origin authentication, data integrity, and signer non-repudiation.
NIST SP 800-12 Rev. 1
Egress Monitoring - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Monitoring of outgoing network traffic.
Encryption - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The process and act of converting the
message from its plaintext to ciphertext. Sometimes it is also referred to as
enciphering. The two terms are sometimes used interchangeably in
literature and have similar meanings.
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Encryption System - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The total set of algorithms, processes,
hardware, software, and procedures that taken together provide an
encryption and decryption capability.
Hardening - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A reference to the process of applying secure
configurations (to reduce the attack surface) and locking down various
hardware, communications systems, and software, including operating
system, web server, application server, application, etc. Hardening is
normally performed based on industry guidelines and benchmarks, such as
those provided by the Center for Internet Security (CIS).
Hash Function - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔An algorithm that computes a numerical
value (called the hash value) on a data file or electronic message that is
used to represent that file or message and depends on the entire contents
of the file or message. A hash function can be considered to be a
fingerprint of the file or message. NIST SP 800-152
Hashing - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The process of using a mathematical algorithm
against data to produce a numeric value that is representative of that data.
Source CNSSI 4009-2015
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
4
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
with 100% Correct Answers | Latest
Update
Application Server - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A computer responsible for hosting
applications to user workstations. NIST SP 800-82 Rev.2
Asymmetric Encryption - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔An algorithm that uses one key to
encrypt and a different key to decrypt the input plaintext.
Checksum - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A digit representing the sum of the correct
digits in a piece of stored or transmitted digital data, against which later
comparisons can be made to detect errors in the data.
Ciphertext - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The altered form of a plaintext message so it is
unreadable for anyone except the intended recipients. In other words, it has
been turned into a secret.
Classification - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Classification identifies the degree of harm
to the organization, its stakeholders or others that might result if an
information asset is divulged to an unauthorized person, process or
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,organization. In short, classification is focused first and foremost on
maintaining the confidentiality of the data, based on the data sensitivity.
Configuration management - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A process and discipline used
to ensure that the only changes made to a system are those that have
been authorized and validated.
Cryptanalyst - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔One who performs cryptanalysis which is the
study of mathematical techniques for attempting to defeat cryptographic
techniques and/or information systems security. This includes the process
of looking for errors or weaknesses in the implementation of an algorithm or
of the algorithm itself.
Cryptography - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The study or applications of methods to
secure or protect the meaning and content of messages, files, or other
information, usually by disguise, obscuration, or other transformations of
that content and meaning.
Data Loss Prevention (DLP) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔System capabilities designed
to detect and prevent the unauthorized use and transmission of
information.
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,Decryption - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The reverse process from encryption. It is the
process of converting a ciphertext message back into plaintext through the
use of the cryptographic algorithm and the appropriate key for decryption
(which is the same for symmetric encryption, but different for asymmetric
encryption). This term is also used interchangeably with the "deciphering."
Degaussing - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A technique of erasing data on disk or tape
(including video tapes) that, when performed properly, ensures that there is
insufficient magnetic remanence to reconstruct data.
Digital Signature - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The result of a cryptographic
transformation of data which, when properly implemented, provides the
services of origin authentication, data integrity, and signer non-repudiation.
NIST SP 800-12 Rev. 1
Egress Monitoring - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Monitoring of outgoing network traffic.
Encryption - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The process and act of converting the
message from its plaintext to ciphertext. Sometimes it is also referred to as
enciphering. The two terms are sometimes used interchangeably in
literature and have similar meanings.
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Encryption System - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The total set of algorithms, processes,
hardware, software, and procedures that taken together provide an
encryption and decryption capability.
Hardening - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A reference to the process of applying secure
configurations (to reduce the attack surface) and locking down various
hardware, communications systems, and software, including operating
system, web server, application server, application, etc. Hardening is
normally performed based on industry guidelines and benchmarks, such as
those provided by the Center for Internet Security (CIS).
Hash Function - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔An algorithm that computes a numerical
value (called the hash value) on a data file or electronic message that is
used to represent that file or message and depends on the entire contents
of the file or message. A hash function can be considered to be a
fingerprint of the file or message. NIST SP 800-152
Hashing - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The process of using a mathematical algorithm
against data to produce a numeric value that is representative of that data.
Source CNSSI 4009-2015
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
4
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
