Developmental Biology Guide
Embryogenesis begins with a single cell called ______? - correct answers-Zygote
How many cells are there in a 4-week old embryo? - correct answers-several millions
Which cellular process is responsible for the increase in cell number? - correct answers-
mitosis
Which approach was used by Aristotle to study chick embryogenesis? - correct
answers-anatomical
During cleavage, the average cell size ___________ . - correct answers-decreases
During early stage of cleavage, is cell division synchronous? - correct answers-yes
The most dramatic feature that distinguishes Gastrulation from other stages are: -
correct answers-the inward movement of cells
The difference between a morula and a blastula is that ______________. - correct
answers-morula has no internal cavity
The difference between a blastula and a gastrula is that_________________. - correct
answers-gastrula has three germ layers
The difference between a gastrula and a neurula is that _________________. - correct
answers-Neurula has primitive organ structures
This technique is only suitable for the organism that has small transparent embryos. -
correct answers-direct observation
In this technique, the cells being traced are temporarily labelled. - correct answers-dye
marking
In this technique, the cells being traced are permanently labelled. - correct answers-
genetic labeling & transgenic chimeras
In this technique, the cells being traced are not labelled. - correct answers-direct
observation
This technique involves grafting cells from one species to a different species. - correct
answers-genetic labeling
This technique involves creating transgenic organisms. - correct answers-transgenic
chimeras
In 17th century, Dutch microscopist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek described that the
semen contains "all manner of great and small vessels, so various and so numerous
that I do not doubt that they be nerves, arteries and veins...". The vessels described by
him are sperms. It is safe to conclude that Leeuwenhoek supported the ________
theory. - correct answers-preformation
Notochord is normally positioned near the ventral (belly) side of the neural tube. By
transplanting a second notochord near the dorsal (back) side of the neural tube, one
can induce the formation of ventral structure at the dorsal side of the neural tube. This
experiment uses ____________ approach. - correct answers-experimental
In developmental biology, fate mapping is a method of understanding the embryonic
origin of various tissues in the adult organism. Fate maps are the bases for
experimental embryology, since they provide researchers with information on which
portions of the embryo normally become which larval or adult structures. Therefore, fate
mapping is a/an ______________ approach. - correct answers-anatomical
, A mutation located in the promoter region of gene Ptn is NOT going to lead to which of
the following consequences? - correct answers-production of Ptn proteins that contain
amino acid substitutions
arrange the following structures in order, starting from the 5' end of the gene:
5'UTR
transcription initiation site
start codon
promoter
stop codon
poly A addition site
3'UTR - correct answers-5' UTR → 3,
transcription initiation site → 2
start codon → 4
promoter → 1
stop codon → 5
poly A addition site → 7
3' UTR → 6
promoter GFP fusion analysis is a _______ approach. - correct answers-anatomical
The human β-globin locus is composed of five genes located on a short region of
chromosome 11, responsible for the creation of the beta parts (roughly half) of the
oxygen transport protein Hemoglobin. This locus contains not only the beta globin gene
but also delta, gamma-A, gamma-G, and epsilon globin. Given the DNA methylation
status on the slide, predict which globin gene is expressed in 6 and 12-week embryos?
(for epsilon) - correct answers-6 weeks
The human β-globin locus is composed of five genes located on a short region of
chromosome 11, responsible for the creation of the beta parts (roughly half) of the
oxygen transport protein Hemoglobin. This locus contains not only the beta globin gene
but also delta, gamma-A, gamma-G, and epsilon globin. Given the DNA methylation
status on the slide, predict which globin gene is expressed in 6 and 12-week embryos?
(for gamma) - correct answers-12 weeks
____________ is the fusion of male and female gametes followed by fusion of the
haploid gamete nuclei to restore the full complement of chromosomes. - correct
answers-Fertilization
_________is a saclike animal embryo consisting of three layers of cells (see
ectoderm,mesoderm, and endoderm) surrounding a central cavity (archenteron) with a
small opening (blastopore) to the exterior. - correct answers-Gastrula
Fate maps can be constructed using:
-fluorescent molecules
-pigmented cells
-transplantation experiments
-all of the above - correct answers-all of the above
Which one of the following structures codes for protein sequence? - correct answers-
exon
Regulation of transcription controls when transcription occurs and how much RNA is
created. Which of the following proteins can regulate the level of transcription? - correct
answers-transcription factor
Embryogenesis begins with a single cell called ______? - correct answers-Zygote
How many cells are there in a 4-week old embryo? - correct answers-several millions
Which cellular process is responsible for the increase in cell number? - correct answers-
mitosis
Which approach was used by Aristotle to study chick embryogenesis? - correct
answers-anatomical
During cleavage, the average cell size ___________ . - correct answers-decreases
During early stage of cleavage, is cell division synchronous? - correct answers-yes
The most dramatic feature that distinguishes Gastrulation from other stages are: -
correct answers-the inward movement of cells
The difference between a morula and a blastula is that ______________. - correct
answers-morula has no internal cavity
The difference between a blastula and a gastrula is that_________________. - correct
answers-gastrula has three germ layers
The difference between a gastrula and a neurula is that _________________. - correct
answers-Neurula has primitive organ structures
This technique is only suitable for the organism that has small transparent embryos. -
correct answers-direct observation
In this technique, the cells being traced are temporarily labelled. - correct answers-dye
marking
In this technique, the cells being traced are permanently labelled. - correct answers-
genetic labeling & transgenic chimeras
In this technique, the cells being traced are not labelled. - correct answers-direct
observation
This technique involves grafting cells from one species to a different species. - correct
answers-genetic labeling
This technique involves creating transgenic organisms. - correct answers-transgenic
chimeras
In 17th century, Dutch microscopist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek described that the
semen contains "all manner of great and small vessels, so various and so numerous
that I do not doubt that they be nerves, arteries and veins...". The vessels described by
him are sperms. It is safe to conclude that Leeuwenhoek supported the ________
theory. - correct answers-preformation
Notochord is normally positioned near the ventral (belly) side of the neural tube. By
transplanting a second notochord near the dorsal (back) side of the neural tube, one
can induce the formation of ventral structure at the dorsal side of the neural tube. This
experiment uses ____________ approach. - correct answers-experimental
In developmental biology, fate mapping is a method of understanding the embryonic
origin of various tissues in the adult organism. Fate maps are the bases for
experimental embryology, since they provide researchers with information on which
portions of the embryo normally become which larval or adult structures. Therefore, fate
mapping is a/an ______________ approach. - correct answers-anatomical
, A mutation located in the promoter region of gene Ptn is NOT going to lead to which of
the following consequences? - correct answers-production of Ptn proteins that contain
amino acid substitutions
arrange the following structures in order, starting from the 5' end of the gene:
5'UTR
transcription initiation site
start codon
promoter
stop codon
poly A addition site
3'UTR - correct answers-5' UTR → 3,
transcription initiation site → 2
start codon → 4
promoter → 1
stop codon → 5
poly A addition site → 7
3' UTR → 6
promoter GFP fusion analysis is a _______ approach. - correct answers-anatomical
The human β-globin locus is composed of five genes located on a short region of
chromosome 11, responsible for the creation of the beta parts (roughly half) of the
oxygen transport protein Hemoglobin. This locus contains not only the beta globin gene
but also delta, gamma-A, gamma-G, and epsilon globin. Given the DNA methylation
status on the slide, predict which globin gene is expressed in 6 and 12-week embryos?
(for epsilon) - correct answers-6 weeks
The human β-globin locus is composed of five genes located on a short region of
chromosome 11, responsible for the creation of the beta parts (roughly half) of the
oxygen transport protein Hemoglobin. This locus contains not only the beta globin gene
but also delta, gamma-A, gamma-G, and epsilon globin. Given the DNA methylation
status on the slide, predict which globin gene is expressed in 6 and 12-week embryos?
(for gamma) - correct answers-12 weeks
____________ is the fusion of male and female gametes followed by fusion of the
haploid gamete nuclei to restore the full complement of chromosomes. - correct
answers-Fertilization
_________is a saclike animal embryo consisting of three layers of cells (see
ectoderm,mesoderm, and endoderm) surrounding a central cavity (archenteron) with a
small opening (blastopore) to the exterior. - correct answers-Gastrula
Fate maps can be constructed using:
-fluorescent molecules
-pigmented cells
-transplantation experiments
-all of the above - correct answers-all of the above
Which one of the following structures codes for protein sequence? - correct answers-
exon
Regulation of transcription controls when transcription occurs and how much RNA is
created. Which of the following proteins can regulate the level of transcription? - correct
answers-transcription factor
