Allopurinol ✔✔ antigout
prevents gout attacks (more for chronic)
don't take on empty stomach due to GI distress
increase fluids, monitor urine output, yearly eye exam, avoid purine foods
Acetaminophen ✔✔ 4 g/day (2 if taken frequently)
NOT an anti-inflammatory
liver enzyme tests!
Ketorolac ✔✔ non-opioid analgesic
should be on it for 5 days or less
why would nalbuphine be given? ✔✔ if strong pain relieving effects are needed but the patient
has a past history of drug abuse
Alpha 1 receptors ✔✔ increases cardiac contractility
pupils dilate
vasoconstriction
decreased salivary gland secretions
prostate/bladder contraction
Alpha 2 receptors ✔✔ inhibits NE release
vasodilation
,decreases BP
decreases GI motility and tone
Beta 1 receptors ✔✔ increases cardiac contractility
increases HR and BP
increases renin secretion
Beta 2 receptors ✔✔ bronchodilation
increases blood glucose
decreases GI motiltiy and tone
Epinephrine ✔✔ used for status asthmaticus, cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis, bronchospasms
stimulates alpha 1, beta 1, and beta 2
anticholinergic effects ✔✔ dryness (decreased salivation)
hot/red
urinary retention/decreased peristalsis
dilated pupils
increased HR
Bethanechol ✔✔ parasympathomimetic
used to treat urinary retention
contraindication: asthma, urinary tract obstruction
will decrease HR
report to doctor if patient is still or now having decreased urinary output
, Atropine sulfate ✔✔ anticholinergic
reduces salivation so it used for preoperative purposes
dilates pupils so can be used for diagnostic exams
caution for patients with COPD, glaucoma, heart failure
benzodiazepines ✔✔ Alprazolam (Xanax)
used for anxiety and panic disorders
should be gradually withdrawn
antidote: flumazenil
zolpidem tartrate (Ambien) ✔✔ sedative-hypnotic, non-benzodiazepine
used to treat insomnia
med takes effect within 15-30 minutes
memory impairment, binge eating, tolerance
take less than 10 days
phenytoin ✔✔ anticonvulsant
10-20 mcg/mL
gingival hyperplasia, purple glove syndrome
effects oral contraceptives
cyclobenzaprine (flexeril) ✔✔ anticholinergic, muscle relaxant
do not drive until effects are known
contraindicated for any CV problems, DM
prevents gout attacks (more for chronic)
don't take on empty stomach due to GI distress
increase fluids, monitor urine output, yearly eye exam, avoid purine foods
Acetaminophen ✔✔ 4 g/day (2 if taken frequently)
NOT an anti-inflammatory
liver enzyme tests!
Ketorolac ✔✔ non-opioid analgesic
should be on it for 5 days or less
why would nalbuphine be given? ✔✔ if strong pain relieving effects are needed but the patient
has a past history of drug abuse
Alpha 1 receptors ✔✔ increases cardiac contractility
pupils dilate
vasoconstriction
decreased salivary gland secretions
prostate/bladder contraction
Alpha 2 receptors ✔✔ inhibits NE release
vasodilation
,decreases BP
decreases GI motility and tone
Beta 1 receptors ✔✔ increases cardiac contractility
increases HR and BP
increases renin secretion
Beta 2 receptors ✔✔ bronchodilation
increases blood glucose
decreases GI motiltiy and tone
Epinephrine ✔✔ used for status asthmaticus, cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis, bronchospasms
stimulates alpha 1, beta 1, and beta 2
anticholinergic effects ✔✔ dryness (decreased salivation)
hot/red
urinary retention/decreased peristalsis
dilated pupils
increased HR
Bethanechol ✔✔ parasympathomimetic
used to treat urinary retention
contraindication: asthma, urinary tract obstruction
will decrease HR
report to doctor if patient is still or now having decreased urinary output
, Atropine sulfate ✔✔ anticholinergic
reduces salivation so it used for preoperative purposes
dilates pupils so can be used for diagnostic exams
caution for patients with COPD, glaucoma, heart failure
benzodiazepines ✔✔ Alprazolam (Xanax)
used for anxiety and panic disorders
should be gradually withdrawn
antidote: flumazenil
zolpidem tartrate (Ambien) ✔✔ sedative-hypnotic, non-benzodiazepine
used to treat insomnia
med takes effect within 15-30 minutes
memory impairment, binge eating, tolerance
take less than 10 days
phenytoin ✔✔ anticonvulsant
10-20 mcg/mL
gingival hyperplasia, purple glove syndrome
effects oral contraceptives
cyclobenzaprine (flexeril) ✔✔ anticholinergic, muscle relaxant
do not drive until effects are known
contraindicated for any CV problems, DM
