NR 341 Complex Care Final Exam Study Guide
questions and answers 2025
Pre-renal - ANSWER above the kidney structure- a pump problem, if patient is hypotensive or in
a shock, the perfusion/volume is no longer doing to the kidney
Intrarenal - ANSWER the kidney itself- anything to do with structure, meds such as antibiotics
(NSAIDS), contrast dye, acute tubular necrosis (ATN)- affects the tissue... post obstructive
Postrenal - ANSWER after kidney, pts who have BPH, tumors in the abdominal area, stones in
the ureters
AKI/PD Labs - ANSWER Creatinine and BUN will increase, decrease in GFR, sodium is going be
either normal or low due to dilution, phosphorus and magnesium (bowel care of choice) and
potassium will increase (peaked T waves, will see dysrhythmias- will need to check a serum
potassium level)
CRRT (Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy) - ANSWER Patient will need a temporary dialysis
catheter- large bore
24 degrees- replace kidney- balanced pH (metabolic acidosis- patient will be tachypnea and will
be hyperventilating), balance electrolytes (osmosis lower to higher concentrations), patient's
weight is decreasing (will need daily weight checks), decreased edema and decreased crackles
AKI/PD prevention - ANSWER Stop metformin/Glucophage 48 hours before they can have any
contrast dye. Patient needs hydration- Normal saline IV, this is where we do our Mucomyst
Kidney Biopsy Pre-procedure - ANSWER Stop all anticoagulation since it is an invasive procedure
Kidney Biopsy Post Procedure/Complications - ANSWER Bleeding is the major complication
questions and answers 2025
Pre-renal - ANSWER above the kidney structure- a pump problem, if patient is hypotensive or in
a shock, the perfusion/volume is no longer doing to the kidney
Intrarenal - ANSWER the kidney itself- anything to do with structure, meds such as antibiotics
(NSAIDS), contrast dye, acute tubular necrosis (ATN)- affects the tissue... post obstructive
Postrenal - ANSWER after kidney, pts who have BPH, tumors in the abdominal area, stones in
the ureters
AKI/PD Labs - ANSWER Creatinine and BUN will increase, decrease in GFR, sodium is going be
either normal or low due to dilution, phosphorus and magnesium (bowel care of choice) and
potassium will increase (peaked T waves, will see dysrhythmias- will need to check a serum
potassium level)
CRRT (Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy) - ANSWER Patient will need a temporary dialysis
catheter- large bore
24 degrees- replace kidney- balanced pH (metabolic acidosis- patient will be tachypnea and will
be hyperventilating), balance electrolytes (osmosis lower to higher concentrations), patient's
weight is decreasing (will need daily weight checks), decreased edema and decreased crackles
AKI/PD prevention - ANSWER Stop metformin/Glucophage 48 hours before they can have any
contrast dye. Patient needs hydration- Normal saline IV, this is where we do our Mucomyst
Kidney Biopsy Pre-procedure - ANSWER Stop all anticoagulation since it is an invasive procedure
Kidney Biopsy Post Procedure/Complications - ANSWER Bleeding is the major complication
