nsg 320 midterm
3 phases of general adaptation syndrome Correct Answers
alarm, resistance, exhaustion
6 biochemical themes important to cell injury Correct Answers
adenosine triphosphate depletion
mitochondrial damage
oxygen and oxygen-derived free radicals
membrane damage
protein folding defects
increased intracellular calcium and loss of calcium steady state
abrasion Correct Answers removal of superficial layers of skin
caused by friction between skin and injuring object
absorption Correct Answers movement of a drug from its site
of administration to the blood; determines how soon the effects
will begin; determines how intense effects will be
ACTH Correct Answers stimulates release of glucocorticoid
hormones, primarily cortisol
acute phase Correct Answers full expression of disease
adaptation Correct Answers the ability to challenges (stressors)
that affect homeostasis and then return to a normal state;
atrophy, hyperatrophy, hyperplasia, and metaplasia
affinity Correct Answers the strength of the attraction between
a drug and its receptor; if this is high=very potent
,agonist Correct Answers a drug that acitivates a receptor
alarm stage Correct Answers sympathetic nervous system;
HPA axis; release of cortisol and catecholamines
albumin Correct Answers important blood protein that many
drugs bind to
algor mortis Correct Answers decrease in body temperature
allostasis Correct Answers the process for maintaining
homeostasis through variability and complexity
allostatic load Correct Answers demands of day to day life
allostatic overload Correct Answers excessive demands
resulting in excessive wear and tear on the body
antagonist Correct Answers a drug that prevents receptor
activation
apoptosis Correct Answers programmed cellular death,
characterized by "dropping off" of cellular fragments called
apoptotic bodies
asphyxial injuries Correct Answers failure of cells to receive or
utilize oxygen; suffocation, strangulation, chemical, drowning
atrophy Correct Answers decrease in size caused by aging,
disuse, lack of blood supply, lack of hormonal stimulation, or
, lack of neural stimulation (endoplasmic reticulum,
mitochondria, microfilaments)
bioavalibility Correct Answers ability of a drug to be absorbed;
drug preparations are considered equal in this if the drug they
contain is absorbed at the same rate to the same extent
biological agents that can cause cell injury Correct Answers
bacteria, viruses, destructive enzymes, exotoxins, endotoxins,
immune response, altered genetic material, cytophatic
blood pressure Correct Answers hydrostatic pressure of
capillary blood is greater than that of interstitial fluid, causing
water to filter to an area of lower pressure
caseous necrosis Correct Answers tuberculosis pulmonary
infection; combination of coagulative and liquefactive necrosis
Catecholamines Correct Answers epinephrine, norepinephrine
causes of irreversible cell injury Correct Answers hypoxic,
nutritional, biological agents, chemical, physical agents
chemical cell injury Correct Answers damage to or destruction
of the plasma membrane resulting in decreased permeability;
presence of the chemical also causes formation of free radicals;
follows same path as hypoxic injury after plasma damage
(carbon tetrachloride, lead, carbon monoxide, ethanol, mercury,
social or street drugs)
3 phases of general adaptation syndrome Correct Answers
alarm, resistance, exhaustion
6 biochemical themes important to cell injury Correct Answers
adenosine triphosphate depletion
mitochondrial damage
oxygen and oxygen-derived free radicals
membrane damage
protein folding defects
increased intracellular calcium and loss of calcium steady state
abrasion Correct Answers removal of superficial layers of skin
caused by friction between skin and injuring object
absorption Correct Answers movement of a drug from its site
of administration to the blood; determines how soon the effects
will begin; determines how intense effects will be
ACTH Correct Answers stimulates release of glucocorticoid
hormones, primarily cortisol
acute phase Correct Answers full expression of disease
adaptation Correct Answers the ability to challenges (stressors)
that affect homeostasis and then return to a normal state;
atrophy, hyperatrophy, hyperplasia, and metaplasia
affinity Correct Answers the strength of the attraction between
a drug and its receptor; if this is high=very potent
,agonist Correct Answers a drug that acitivates a receptor
alarm stage Correct Answers sympathetic nervous system;
HPA axis; release of cortisol and catecholamines
albumin Correct Answers important blood protein that many
drugs bind to
algor mortis Correct Answers decrease in body temperature
allostasis Correct Answers the process for maintaining
homeostasis through variability and complexity
allostatic load Correct Answers demands of day to day life
allostatic overload Correct Answers excessive demands
resulting in excessive wear and tear on the body
antagonist Correct Answers a drug that prevents receptor
activation
apoptosis Correct Answers programmed cellular death,
characterized by "dropping off" of cellular fragments called
apoptotic bodies
asphyxial injuries Correct Answers failure of cells to receive or
utilize oxygen; suffocation, strangulation, chemical, drowning
atrophy Correct Answers decrease in size caused by aging,
disuse, lack of blood supply, lack of hormonal stimulation, or
, lack of neural stimulation (endoplasmic reticulum,
mitochondria, microfilaments)
bioavalibility Correct Answers ability of a drug to be absorbed;
drug preparations are considered equal in this if the drug they
contain is absorbed at the same rate to the same extent
biological agents that can cause cell injury Correct Answers
bacteria, viruses, destructive enzymes, exotoxins, endotoxins,
immune response, altered genetic material, cytophatic
blood pressure Correct Answers hydrostatic pressure of
capillary blood is greater than that of interstitial fluid, causing
water to filter to an area of lower pressure
caseous necrosis Correct Answers tuberculosis pulmonary
infection; combination of coagulative and liquefactive necrosis
Catecholamines Correct Answers epinephrine, norepinephrine
causes of irreversible cell injury Correct Answers hypoxic,
nutritional, biological agents, chemical, physical agents
chemical cell injury Correct Answers damage to or destruction
of the plasma membrane resulting in decreased permeability;
presence of the chemical also causes formation of free radicals;
follows same path as hypoxic injury after plasma damage
(carbon tetrachloride, lead, carbon monoxide, ethanol, mercury,
social or street drugs)
