NSG 311 Exam One Questions All
Correct Answers New Update
Pathophysiology - Answers -✔✔ the study of the disorder or breakdown of the human
body's function
Disease occurs when? - Answers -✔✔ there is a disruption in homeostasis or deviation
from normal
Homeostasis - Answers -✔✔ give and take system to try and keep body regular, self
regulating
compensatory - Answers -✔✔ how your body tries to deal with the problem, not meant
to be permanent
compensatory mechanisms - Answers -✔✔ negative and positive feedback
negative feedback - Answers -✔✔ most common, trying to keep body in a normal range,
trying to prevent change ex: temp regulation
positive feedback - Answers -✔✔ usually an experience related to an event, dealing
with change ex: giving birth
factors that determine normality - Answers -✔✔ Age
Gender
Genetic and ethnic background
Geographic area
Time of day
Environment-altitude, temp, findings are only relevant to the individual's "normal"
idiopathic - Answers -✔✔ unknown cause, don't know why a certain disease happens.
Then blames virus or autoimmune disorder
iatrogenic - Answers -✔✔ unintended effect of a medical treatment ex: getting a UTI
from a catheter
intrinsic - Answers -✔✔ internal and genetic ex: being born with a heart defect
extrinsic - Answers -✔✔ foreign, coming from outside and from exposure
Pathogenesis - Answers -✔✔ development and evolution of a disease; affected by time,
quantity, location, and morphologic changes
, Clinical Manifestations - Answers -✔✔ signs and symptoms of a disease
Signs - Answers -✔✔ something you can see and measure ex: lab values and blood
pressure
Symptoms - Answers -✔✔ can't verify, cannot measure ex: pain, loss of appetite
Epidemiology - Answers -✔✔ patterns of disease in a group of people
Levels of Prevention - Answers -✔✔ primary, secondary, tertiary
primary prevention - Answers -✔✔ preventing disease, patient does not have the
disease at this point ex: vaccines
secondary prevention - Answers -✔✔ disease detection, patient does not necessarily
have the disease ex: pap smears, yearly physicals
tertiary prevention - Answers -✔✔ prevent problems from the disease/issue ex:
rehabilitation, medicine
functional components of the cell - Answers -✔✔ nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell
membrane
cellular transport - Answers -✔✔ passive transport and active transport
passive transport - Answers -✔✔ diffusion (high to low), osmosis (diffusion of water),
and facilitated diffusion
active transport - Answers -✔✔ requires some sort of energy ex: endocytosis and
exocytosis
cell proliferation - Answers -✔✔ cells divide and reproduce
cell differetiation - Answers -✔✔ proliferated cells become different and specialized
atrophy - Answers -✔✔ less use of cells leads to breakdown, trying to save energy ex:
muscle loss after an injury
hypertrophy - Answers -✔✔ more use leads to increasing size ex: gaining muscle
Hyperplasia - Answers -✔✔ body adapting by increasing number of cells, 2 types:
compensatory and hormonal ex: callus on foot
Correct Answers New Update
Pathophysiology - Answers -✔✔ the study of the disorder or breakdown of the human
body's function
Disease occurs when? - Answers -✔✔ there is a disruption in homeostasis or deviation
from normal
Homeostasis - Answers -✔✔ give and take system to try and keep body regular, self
regulating
compensatory - Answers -✔✔ how your body tries to deal with the problem, not meant
to be permanent
compensatory mechanisms - Answers -✔✔ negative and positive feedback
negative feedback - Answers -✔✔ most common, trying to keep body in a normal range,
trying to prevent change ex: temp regulation
positive feedback - Answers -✔✔ usually an experience related to an event, dealing
with change ex: giving birth
factors that determine normality - Answers -✔✔ Age
Gender
Genetic and ethnic background
Geographic area
Time of day
Environment-altitude, temp, findings are only relevant to the individual's "normal"
idiopathic - Answers -✔✔ unknown cause, don't know why a certain disease happens.
Then blames virus or autoimmune disorder
iatrogenic - Answers -✔✔ unintended effect of a medical treatment ex: getting a UTI
from a catheter
intrinsic - Answers -✔✔ internal and genetic ex: being born with a heart defect
extrinsic - Answers -✔✔ foreign, coming from outside and from exposure
Pathogenesis - Answers -✔✔ development and evolution of a disease; affected by time,
quantity, location, and morphologic changes
, Clinical Manifestations - Answers -✔✔ signs and symptoms of a disease
Signs - Answers -✔✔ something you can see and measure ex: lab values and blood
pressure
Symptoms - Answers -✔✔ can't verify, cannot measure ex: pain, loss of appetite
Epidemiology - Answers -✔✔ patterns of disease in a group of people
Levels of Prevention - Answers -✔✔ primary, secondary, tertiary
primary prevention - Answers -✔✔ preventing disease, patient does not have the
disease at this point ex: vaccines
secondary prevention - Answers -✔✔ disease detection, patient does not necessarily
have the disease ex: pap smears, yearly physicals
tertiary prevention - Answers -✔✔ prevent problems from the disease/issue ex:
rehabilitation, medicine
functional components of the cell - Answers -✔✔ nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell
membrane
cellular transport - Answers -✔✔ passive transport and active transport
passive transport - Answers -✔✔ diffusion (high to low), osmosis (diffusion of water),
and facilitated diffusion
active transport - Answers -✔✔ requires some sort of energy ex: endocytosis and
exocytosis
cell proliferation - Answers -✔✔ cells divide and reproduce
cell differetiation - Answers -✔✔ proliferated cells become different and specialized
atrophy - Answers -✔✔ less use of cells leads to breakdown, trying to save energy ex:
muscle loss after an injury
hypertrophy - Answers -✔✔ more use leads to increasing size ex: gaining muscle
Hyperplasia - Answers -✔✔ body adapting by increasing number of cells, 2 types:
compensatory and hormonal ex: callus on foot
