BIO210 Chapter 2 Biochemistry Exam:
Updated 2024-2025 Edition with Guaranteed
Accurate Answers – Your Ultimate Study
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What is matter?
• A) Anything that has mass and takes up space
• B) Only solid objects
• C) Only living organisms
• D) Energy in various forms
Correct Answer: A) Anything that has mass and takes up space
Rationale: Matter is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space, which
includes solids, liquids, gases, and plasma.
What is the smallest particle of matter that retains the properties of an element?
• A) Molecule
• B) Compound
• C) Atom
• D) Isotope
Correct Answer: C) Atom
Rationale: An atom is the smallest unit of matter that has the characteristics of a
specific element.
Where are protons and neutrons located in an atom?
• A) In the electron cloud
• B) In the nucleus
• C) In the orbitals
• D) Outside the atom
Correct Answer: B) In the nucleus
Rationale: Protons and neutrons, which are subatomic particles, are found in the
nucleus of an atom.
,What is the charge of an electron?
• A) Positive
• B) Negative
• C) Neutral
• D) Varies depending on the atom
Correct Answer: B) Negative
Rationale: Electrons carry a negative charge.
What does the atomic number of an element represent?
• A) The total number of neutrons
• B) The number of electrons in an atom
• C) The number of protons in an atom
• D) The atomic mass of the element
Correct Answer: C) The number of protons in an atom
Rationale: The atomic number is unique to each element and indicates the number of
protons, which also equals the number of electrons in a neutral atom.
What is an isotope?
• A) An atom with a different number of protons
• B) An atom with the same number of neutrons
• C) An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
• D) A charged atom
Correct Answer: C) An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of
neutrons
Rationale: Isotopes have the same number of protons but differ in the number of
neutrons.
What type of bond forms when electrons are shared between atoms?
• A) Ionic bond
• B) Hydrogen bond
• C) Covalent bond
• D) Van der Waals force
Correct Answer: C) Covalent bond
Rationale: A covalent bond is formed when two or more atoms share electrons.
,Which of the following substances would be considered hydrophobic?
• A) Salt
• B) Sugar
• C) Oil
• D) Water
Correct Answer: C) Oil
Rationale: Hydrophobic substances do not dissolve well in water and are typically non-
polar, like oil.
What is a buffer?
• A) A strong acid
• B) A weak acid or weak base that resists changes in pH
• C) A solid particle in a solution
• D) A type of protein
Correct Answer: B) A weak acid or weak base that resists changes in pH
Rationale: Buffers help maintain stable pH levels in a solution by accepting or donating
hydrogen ions.
What is the function of water in the body?
• A) It serves only as a solvent
• B) It does not affect temperature regulation
• C) It transports materials and stabilizes body temperature
• D) It is only a component of blood
Correct Answer: C) It transports materials and stabilizes body temperature
Rationale: Water plays a critical role in various bodily functions, including acting as a
solvent, transporting materials, and regulating temperature.
• Which type of bond forms between a positively charged ion (cation) and a negatively
charged ion (anion)?
o A) Hydrogen bond
o B) Covalent bond
o C) Ionic bond
o D) Van der Waals force
Correct Answer: C) Ionic bond
Rationale: An ionic bond forms due to the electrostatic attraction between cations
and anions resulting from the transfer of electrons.
• What is the primary role of a triglyceride?
, o A) Structural component of cell membranes
o B) Quick energy source
o C) Long-term energy storage
o D) Enzyme activity
Correct Answer: C) Long-term energy storage
Rationale: Triglycerides are a type of lipid that serves primarily as a long-term
energy storage molecule in the body.
• Which type of lipid is characterized by a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails?
o A) Triglyceride
o B) Steroid
o C) Phospholipid
o D) Eicosanoid
Correct Answer: C) Phospholipid
Rationale: Phospholipids have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and
hydrophobic (water-repelling) regions, making them essential for cell membrane
structure.
• What is a characteristic of a polar covalent bond?
o A) Electrons are shared equally
o B) Electrons are transferred from one atom to another
o C) Electrons are shared unequally
o D) It does not involve hydrogen
Correct Answer: C) Electrons are shared unequally
Rationale: In polar covalent bonds, electrons are shared unequally, resulting in
partial positive and negative charges.
• Which of the following describes an anion?
o A) Positively charged ion
o B) Negatively charged ion
o C) Atom with no charge
o D) Atom with more protons than electrons
Correct Answer: B) Negatively charged ion
Rationale: An anion is formed when an atom gains one or more electrons,
resulting in a negative charge.
• What happens during hydrolysis?
o A) Water is released to form a bond
o B) Water is used to break a bond
o C) Atoms are rearranged to form new molecules
o D) A solid precipitate is formed
Correct Answer: B) Water is used to break a bond
Rationale: Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction in which water is a reactant that
breaks down a larger molecule into smaller ones.
• Which of the following substances is known as a proton donor?
o A) Base
o B) Salt
o C) Acid
Updated 2024-2025 Edition with Guaranteed
Accurate Answers – Your Ultimate Study
Resource for Success
What is matter?
• A) Anything that has mass and takes up space
• B) Only solid objects
• C) Only living organisms
• D) Energy in various forms
Correct Answer: A) Anything that has mass and takes up space
Rationale: Matter is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space, which
includes solids, liquids, gases, and plasma.
What is the smallest particle of matter that retains the properties of an element?
• A) Molecule
• B) Compound
• C) Atom
• D) Isotope
Correct Answer: C) Atom
Rationale: An atom is the smallest unit of matter that has the characteristics of a
specific element.
Where are protons and neutrons located in an atom?
• A) In the electron cloud
• B) In the nucleus
• C) In the orbitals
• D) Outside the atom
Correct Answer: B) In the nucleus
Rationale: Protons and neutrons, which are subatomic particles, are found in the
nucleus of an atom.
,What is the charge of an electron?
• A) Positive
• B) Negative
• C) Neutral
• D) Varies depending on the atom
Correct Answer: B) Negative
Rationale: Electrons carry a negative charge.
What does the atomic number of an element represent?
• A) The total number of neutrons
• B) The number of electrons in an atom
• C) The number of protons in an atom
• D) The atomic mass of the element
Correct Answer: C) The number of protons in an atom
Rationale: The atomic number is unique to each element and indicates the number of
protons, which also equals the number of electrons in a neutral atom.
What is an isotope?
• A) An atom with a different number of protons
• B) An atom with the same number of neutrons
• C) An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
• D) A charged atom
Correct Answer: C) An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of
neutrons
Rationale: Isotopes have the same number of protons but differ in the number of
neutrons.
What type of bond forms when electrons are shared between atoms?
• A) Ionic bond
• B) Hydrogen bond
• C) Covalent bond
• D) Van der Waals force
Correct Answer: C) Covalent bond
Rationale: A covalent bond is formed when two or more atoms share electrons.
,Which of the following substances would be considered hydrophobic?
• A) Salt
• B) Sugar
• C) Oil
• D) Water
Correct Answer: C) Oil
Rationale: Hydrophobic substances do not dissolve well in water and are typically non-
polar, like oil.
What is a buffer?
• A) A strong acid
• B) A weak acid or weak base that resists changes in pH
• C) A solid particle in a solution
• D) A type of protein
Correct Answer: B) A weak acid or weak base that resists changes in pH
Rationale: Buffers help maintain stable pH levels in a solution by accepting or donating
hydrogen ions.
What is the function of water in the body?
• A) It serves only as a solvent
• B) It does not affect temperature regulation
• C) It transports materials and stabilizes body temperature
• D) It is only a component of blood
Correct Answer: C) It transports materials and stabilizes body temperature
Rationale: Water plays a critical role in various bodily functions, including acting as a
solvent, transporting materials, and regulating temperature.
• Which type of bond forms between a positively charged ion (cation) and a negatively
charged ion (anion)?
o A) Hydrogen bond
o B) Covalent bond
o C) Ionic bond
o D) Van der Waals force
Correct Answer: C) Ionic bond
Rationale: An ionic bond forms due to the electrostatic attraction between cations
and anions resulting from the transfer of electrons.
• What is the primary role of a triglyceride?
, o A) Structural component of cell membranes
o B) Quick energy source
o C) Long-term energy storage
o D) Enzyme activity
Correct Answer: C) Long-term energy storage
Rationale: Triglycerides are a type of lipid that serves primarily as a long-term
energy storage molecule in the body.
• Which type of lipid is characterized by a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails?
o A) Triglyceride
o B) Steroid
o C) Phospholipid
o D) Eicosanoid
Correct Answer: C) Phospholipid
Rationale: Phospholipids have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and
hydrophobic (water-repelling) regions, making them essential for cell membrane
structure.
• What is a characteristic of a polar covalent bond?
o A) Electrons are shared equally
o B) Electrons are transferred from one atom to another
o C) Electrons are shared unequally
o D) It does not involve hydrogen
Correct Answer: C) Electrons are shared unequally
Rationale: In polar covalent bonds, electrons are shared unequally, resulting in
partial positive and negative charges.
• Which of the following describes an anion?
o A) Positively charged ion
o B) Negatively charged ion
o C) Atom with no charge
o D) Atom with more protons than electrons
Correct Answer: B) Negatively charged ion
Rationale: An anion is formed when an atom gains one or more electrons,
resulting in a negative charge.
• What happens during hydrolysis?
o A) Water is released to form a bond
o B) Water is used to break a bond
o C) Atoms are rearranged to form new molecules
o D) A solid precipitate is formed
Correct Answer: B) Water is used to break a bond
Rationale: Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction in which water is a reactant that
breaks down a larger molecule into smaller ones.
• Which of the following substances is known as a proton donor?
o A) Base
o B) Salt
o C) Acid
