WAS IAAP EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
WCAG stands for - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
Who develops WCAG - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅W3C (World Wide Web Consortium)
WCAG four principles of web accessibility - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅POUR
Perceivable
Operable
Understandable
Robust
Percievable - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Information and the user interface must be presentable to
users in ways persons with disabilities can perceive (including blindness, low vision, deafness, and
hearing loss, limited movement, and cognitive limitations)
Operable - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅User interface components and navigation must be operable
(functional from a keyboard)
Understandable - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Information and operation of user interface must be
understandable
Robust - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Content must be robust enough to be interpreted reliably by a
wide variety of user agents including assistive technology
Difference between WCAG 2.1 compared to WCAG 2.0 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Additional success
criterion for mobile devices (orientation, no horizontal scrolling, target size, pointer gestures, hover and
focus)
Input Modalities and autofill
,Sufficient techniques - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅If it meets these techniques, it successfully meets
the success criterion
Failure techniques - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅If the web content matches any of these, it does not
meet the success criterion
Advisory techniques - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Optional or conditional techniques may represent
accessibility best practices or possible ways of meeting the success criterion
What year was WCAG 2.0 created - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅2008
What year was WCAG 2.1 created - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅2018
What does WAI-ARIA stand for - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI)
Accessible Rich Internet Applications
Why was WAI-ARIA created - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Created to increase the accessibility of
content - dynamic content in particular - for assistive technology users, such as screen reader users - it
defines attributes that can be added to standard HTML to define name role and values of elements
ATAG stands for - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines
What does ATAG require - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Requires authoring tools (HTML/ web editors,
content management systems, social media sites, blog commenting features, discussion forums, user
rating features - etc)
1. Have accessible user interface
2. Support production of accessible content
Normative documents - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Define accessibility practices required for
conformance (to a specification)
, Non-normative documents - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Provide guidance and techniques for
interpreting and conforming with the normative requirements, but non-normative techniques are not
required for conformance
WCAG 2.1 was initiated with a goal to improve accessibility guidance for three major groups - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅1. Users with cognitive or learning impairments
2. Users with low vision
3. Users with impairments on mobile devices
1. Perceivable 4 Categories - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅1.1 Text Alternatives
1.2 Time-Based Media
1.3 Adaptable
1.4 Distinguishable
2. Operable 5 Categories - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅2.1 Keyboard Accessible
2.2 Enough Time
2.3 Seizures and Physical Reactions
2.4 Navigable
2.5 Input Modalities
3. Understandable 3 Categories - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅3.1 Readable
3.2 Predictable
3.3 Input Assistance
4. Robust 1 Category - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅4.1 Compatible
1.1 Text Alternatives - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Level A
Provide text alternatives for any non-text content so that it can be changed into other forms people
need, such as large print, braille, speech, symbols, or simpler language.
WCAG stands for - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
Who develops WCAG - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅W3C (World Wide Web Consortium)
WCAG four principles of web accessibility - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅POUR
Perceivable
Operable
Understandable
Robust
Percievable - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Information and the user interface must be presentable to
users in ways persons with disabilities can perceive (including blindness, low vision, deafness, and
hearing loss, limited movement, and cognitive limitations)
Operable - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅User interface components and navigation must be operable
(functional from a keyboard)
Understandable - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Information and operation of user interface must be
understandable
Robust - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Content must be robust enough to be interpreted reliably by a
wide variety of user agents including assistive technology
Difference between WCAG 2.1 compared to WCAG 2.0 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Additional success
criterion for mobile devices (orientation, no horizontal scrolling, target size, pointer gestures, hover and
focus)
Input Modalities and autofill
,Sufficient techniques - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅If it meets these techniques, it successfully meets
the success criterion
Failure techniques - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅If the web content matches any of these, it does not
meet the success criterion
Advisory techniques - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Optional or conditional techniques may represent
accessibility best practices or possible ways of meeting the success criterion
What year was WCAG 2.0 created - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅2008
What year was WCAG 2.1 created - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅2018
What does WAI-ARIA stand for - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI)
Accessible Rich Internet Applications
Why was WAI-ARIA created - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Created to increase the accessibility of
content - dynamic content in particular - for assistive technology users, such as screen reader users - it
defines attributes that can be added to standard HTML to define name role and values of elements
ATAG stands for - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines
What does ATAG require - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Requires authoring tools (HTML/ web editors,
content management systems, social media sites, blog commenting features, discussion forums, user
rating features - etc)
1. Have accessible user interface
2. Support production of accessible content
Normative documents - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Define accessibility practices required for
conformance (to a specification)
, Non-normative documents - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Provide guidance and techniques for
interpreting and conforming with the normative requirements, but non-normative techniques are not
required for conformance
WCAG 2.1 was initiated with a goal to improve accessibility guidance for three major groups - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅1. Users with cognitive or learning impairments
2. Users with low vision
3. Users with impairments on mobile devices
1. Perceivable 4 Categories - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅1.1 Text Alternatives
1.2 Time-Based Media
1.3 Adaptable
1.4 Distinguishable
2. Operable 5 Categories - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅2.1 Keyboard Accessible
2.2 Enough Time
2.3 Seizures and Physical Reactions
2.4 Navigable
2.5 Input Modalities
3. Understandable 3 Categories - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅3.1 Readable
3.2 Predictable
3.3 Input Assistance
4. Robust 1 Category - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅4.1 Compatible
1.1 Text Alternatives - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Level A
Provide text alternatives for any non-text content so that it can be changed into other forms people
need, such as large print, braille, speech, symbols, or simpler language.
