1. A nurse is caring for a client receiving the antibiotic
gentamicin. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following adverse effects?
A. Ototoxicity
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypertension
D. Hyperkalemia
Answer: a) Ototoxicity
Rationale: Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, can
cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss or tinnitus. The
nurse should monitor the client's hearing.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving lisinopril for
hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
A. Weight loss
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Dehydration
Answer: b) Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause
hyperkalemia due to its effect on aldosterone secretion. The
nurse should monitor potassium levels.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of naloxone to a
client with opioid overdose. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
A. Monitor the client for respiratory depression after
administration.
B. Administer the drug subcutaneously for faster action.
,C. Administer naloxone only if the client is unresponsive to
pain stimuli.
D. Monitor for an increased heart rate as a sign of
effectiveness.
Answer: a) Monitor the client for respiratory depression
after administration.
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse
opioid toxicity. After administration, the nurse should
monitor the client for signs of respiratory depression and
the need for additional doses.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an IV
infusion of potassium chloride. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Monitor for signs of hyperkalemia.
B. Administer potassium chloride rapidly to avoid irritation.
C. Ensure the potassium infusion is diluted in a large volume
of fluid.
D. Discontinue the infusion if the client has a pulse rate
above 100 bpm.
Answer: c) Ensure the potassium infusion is diluted in a
large volume of fluid.
Rationale: Potassium chloride should be infused slowly and
properly diluted to avoid adverse effects like cardiac
arrhythmias or vein irritation.
5. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a
transdermal nitroglycerin patch for angina. Which of the
following should be included in the teaching?
A. "You should apply a new patch every 12 hours."
B. "The patch should be applied over the area of pain."
C. "The patch can be left in place during bathing or
, showering."
D. "You should remove the patch for 10-12 hours each day
to prevent tolerance."
Answer: d) "You should remove the patch for 10-12 hours
each day to prevent tolerance."
Rationale: To prevent the development of tolerance to
nitroglycerin, the patch should be removed for 10-12 hours
each day, usually at night.
6. A nurse is caring for a client receiving furosemide. Which
of the following findings should the nurse monitor for as a
potential adverse effect?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypotension
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: b) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia. The nurse should
monitor potassium levels and provide supplementation as
needed.
7. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of an inhaled
corticosteroid. Which of the following statements by the
client indicates the need for further teaching?
A. "I should rinse my mouth after using this medication."
B. "I can stop using this medication if my symptoms
improve."
C. "This medication will help prevent inflammation in my
lungs."
D. "I should use a spacer with my inhaler."
Answer: b) "I can stop using this medication if my symptoms
gentamicin. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following adverse effects?
A. Ototoxicity
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypertension
D. Hyperkalemia
Answer: a) Ototoxicity
Rationale: Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, can
cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss or tinnitus. The
nurse should monitor the client's hearing.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving lisinopril for
hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
A. Weight loss
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Dehydration
Answer: b) Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause
hyperkalemia due to its effect on aldosterone secretion. The
nurse should monitor potassium levels.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of naloxone to a
client with opioid overdose. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
A. Monitor the client for respiratory depression after
administration.
B. Administer the drug subcutaneously for faster action.
,C. Administer naloxone only if the client is unresponsive to
pain stimuli.
D. Monitor for an increased heart rate as a sign of
effectiveness.
Answer: a) Monitor the client for respiratory depression
after administration.
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse
opioid toxicity. After administration, the nurse should
monitor the client for signs of respiratory depression and
the need for additional doses.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an IV
infusion of potassium chloride. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Monitor for signs of hyperkalemia.
B. Administer potassium chloride rapidly to avoid irritation.
C. Ensure the potassium infusion is diluted in a large volume
of fluid.
D. Discontinue the infusion if the client has a pulse rate
above 100 bpm.
Answer: c) Ensure the potassium infusion is diluted in a
large volume of fluid.
Rationale: Potassium chloride should be infused slowly and
properly diluted to avoid adverse effects like cardiac
arrhythmias or vein irritation.
5. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a
transdermal nitroglycerin patch for angina. Which of the
following should be included in the teaching?
A. "You should apply a new patch every 12 hours."
B. "The patch should be applied over the area of pain."
C. "The patch can be left in place during bathing or
, showering."
D. "You should remove the patch for 10-12 hours each day
to prevent tolerance."
Answer: d) "You should remove the patch for 10-12 hours
each day to prevent tolerance."
Rationale: To prevent the development of tolerance to
nitroglycerin, the patch should be removed for 10-12 hours
each day, usually at night.
6. A nurse is caring for a client receiving furosemide. Which
of the following findings should the nurse monitor for as a
potential adverse effect?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypotension
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: b) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia. The nurse should
monitor potassium levels and provide supplementation as
needed.
7. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of an inhaled
corticosteroid. Which of the following statements by the
client indicates the need for further teaching?
A. "I should rinse my mouth after using this medication."
B. "I can stop using this medication if my symptoms
improve."
C. "This medication will help prevent inflammation in my
lungs."
D. "I should use a spacer with my inhaler."
Answer: b) "I can stop using this medication if my symptoms
