1. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of ibuprofen for
pain management. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse include?
A. "Take the medication with an empty stomach for faster
absorption."
B. "Take the medication with food or milk to reduce stomach
irritation."
C. "Avoid drinking fluids while taking this medication."
D. "Increase your fluid intake to 1-2 liters per day."
Answer: b) "Take the medication with food or milk to reduce
stomach irritation."
Rationale: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
like ibuprofen can cause gastric irritation, so it is
recommended to take them with food or milk.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed an opioid
analgesic for pain management. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care to
prevent constipation?
A. Increase fluid intake
B. Restrict dietary fiber
C. Administer a laxative with each dose of medication
D. Encourage a low-protein diet
Answer: a) Increase fluid intake
Rationale: Opioids can cause constipation, and increasing
fluid intake and dietary fiber can help prevent this adverse
effect.
3. A nurse is caring for a client receiving antibiotics for a
urinary tract infection. Which of the following should the
,nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Increase your fluid intake to help prevent crystal
formation."
B. "Avoid citrus fruits while taking this medication."
C. "Take the medication on an empty stomach."
D. "You can stop the medication once your symptoms
subside."
Answer: a) "Increase your fluid intake to help prevent
crystal formation."
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake can help dilute the urine
and prevent crystal formation, which can occur with some
antibiotics like sulfonamides.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed metformin
for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should monitor for
which of the following adverse effects?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Lactic acidosis
D. Constipation
Answer: c) Lactic acidosis
Rationale: Metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a serious
adverse effect. The nurse should monitor for symptoms
such as muscle pain, weakness, and respiratory distress.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed
atorvastatin. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
A. Muscle pain or weakness
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Weight gain
D. Blurred vision
, Answer: a) Muscle pain or weakness
Rationale: Atorvastatin and other statins can cause muscle
pain or weakness (myopathy), which can indicate a more
serious condition called rhabdomyolysis.
6. A nurse is caring for a client receiving the antibiotic
gentamicin. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following adverse effects?
A. Ototoxicity
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypertension
D. Hyperkalemia
Answer: a) Ototoxicity
Rationale: Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, can
cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss or tinnitus. The
nurse should monitor the client's hearing.
7. A nurse is administering a dose of insulin to a client with
diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take before administering the insulin?
A. Assess the client's blood glucose level
B. Administer the insulin after the meal
C. Shake the vial of insulin before use
D. Monitor the client for signs of hyperglycemia
Answer: a) Assess the client's blood glucose level
Rationale: It is important to assess the client's blood
glucose level before administering insulin to ensure that the
correct dose is given based on the client's current glucose
level.
8. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of an inhaled
corticosteroid. Which of the following statements by the
pain management. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse include?
A. "Take the medication with an empty stomach for faster
absorption."
B. "Take the medication with food or milk to reduce stomach
irritation."
C. "Avoid drinking fluids while taking this medication."
D. "Increase your fluid intake to 1-2 liters per day."
Answer: b) "Take the medication with food or milk to reduce
stomach irritation."
Rationale: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
like ibuprofen can cause gastric irritation, so it is
recommended to take them with food or milk.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed an opioid
analgesic for pain management. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care to
prevent constipation?
A. Increase fluid intake
B. Restrict dietary fiber
C. Administer a laxative with each dose of medication
D. Encourage a low-protein diet
Answer: a) Increase fluid intake
Rationale: Opioids can cause constipation, and increasing
fluid intake and dietary fiber can help prevent this adverse
effect.
3. A nurse is caring for a client receiving antibiotics for a
urinary tract infection. Which of the following should the
,nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Increase your fluid intake to help prevent crystal
formation."
B. "Avoid citrus fruits while taking this medication."
C. "Take the medication on an empty stomach."
D. "You can stop the medication once your symptoms
subside."
Answer: a) "Increase your fluid intake to help prevent
crystal formation."
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake can help dilute the urine
and prevent crystal formation, which can occur with some
antibiotics like sulfonamides.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed metformin
for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should monitor for
which of the following adverse effects?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Lactic acidosis
D. Constipation
Answer: c) Lactic acidosis
Rationale: Metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a serious
adverse effect. The nurse should monitor for symptoms
such as muscle pain, weakness, and respiratory distress.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed
atorvastatin. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
A. Muscle pain or weakness
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Weight gain
D. Blurred vision
, Answer: a) Muscle pain or weakness
Rationale: Atorvastatin and other statins can cause muscle
pain or weakness (myopathy), which can indicate a more
serious condition called rhabdomyolysis.
6. A nurse is caring for a client receiving the antibiotic
gentamicin. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following adverse effects?
A. Ototoxicity
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypertension
D. Hyperkalemia
Answer: a) Ototoxicity
Rationale: Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, can
cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss or tinnitus. The
nurse should monitor the client's hearing.
7. A nurse is administering a dose of insulin to a client with
diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take before administering the insulin?
A. Assess the client's blood glucose level
B. Administer the insulin after the meal
C. Shake the vial of insulin before use
D. Monitor the client for signs of hyperglycemia
Answer: a) Assess the client's blood glucose level
Rationale: It is important to assess the client's blood
glucose level before administering insulin to ensure that the
correct dose is given based on the client's current glucose
level.
8. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of an inhaled
corticosteroid. Which of the following statements by the
