AMERICAN CORRECTION EXAM 1
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
Main Components of Corrections
- Prison (Judicial)
- Jail (__________)
- Probation (part of judicial branch)
- Intermediate sanctions (judicial)
- Parole (___________) - Answer-judicial; executive
t/f
Correctional costs are declining
t/f
prison population is declining - Answer-true; true
__________ million americans are in the correctional system (i.e, jail, prison,
community corrections - Answer-6.9
The "Great Law" or the Quaker Code emphasized hard labor in corrections as
punishment. Which colony was this prevalent in? - Answer-England; Colony of PA
Seperate confinement was a penitentiary system developed in PA in which each
inmate was held in isolation from other inmates that existed in the
________________ Penitentiary - Answer-Philly (PA); 8; Eastern State Penitentiary
The New York (Auburn) System developed which kind of system in which inmates
were held in isolation at night but worked w/ eachother during the day under the rule
of silence? - Answer-Congregate system
Alexander Maconochie invented the ___________ system - Answer-mark system
Hint: Began to focus less on the criminal act and more on the offender - Answer-the
positivist school
public reaction of the Attica state prison riot aided the move from just the medical
model to the ___________ model - Answer-community
History of Corrections in America
1. Colonial (1600s- 1790s)
2.
3. Reformatory (1860s-1890s)
4. Progressive (1890s-1930s)
5.
6. Community model (1960s-1970s)
7.
, 8. Rational strategy? (e.g., evidence based programs) - Answer-penitentiary, medical
model, crime control model
Earliest known comprehensive statements of prohibited behavior were developed by
the king of Babylon in the code of ___________________ - Answer-Hammurabi
lex talionis means ______________ - Answer-law of retaliation
t/f
during the middle ages crime correction was a private affair in which vengence was
carried out by the person wronged - Answer-true
word box: transportation, corporal punishment, galley slavery, imprisonment
1. practice of forcing men to row ships
2. primarily for those awaiting trial
3. moving offenders from the community to another region
4. inflicting pain on the offender's body - Answer-1. galley slavery
2. imprisonment
3. transportation
4. corporal punishment
who argued that the only justification for punishment is utility; the safety it affords
society by preventing crime - Answer-Cesare Beccaria
word box:
What percentage of corrections is probation? - Answer-54.8
The system's framework for studying corrections includes police,
________________, courts, ________________
Goals of corrections:
-?
- community protection - Answer-prosecutors and corrections
Goals of corrections
- fair punishment
who are the central actors of corrections?
____________% or Two-thirds of persons under supervision are not in prison/jail
and actually live within the community - Answer-offenders; 70%
What are some sub units the corrections system consists of?
Probation officers, prisons, _______________, etc.
________ federal prisons & __________ state prisons - Answer-halfway houses
102 federal prisons & 1,719 state prisons
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
Main Components of Corrections
- Prison (Judicial)
- Jail (__________)
- Probation (part of judicial branch)
- Intermediate sanctions (judicial)
- Parole (___________) - Answer-judicial; executive
t/f
Correctional costs are declining
t/f
prison population is declining - Answer-true; true
__________ million americans are in the correctional system (i.e, jail, prison,
community corrections - Answer-6.9
The "Great Law" or the Quaker Code emphasized hard labor in corrections as
punishment. Which colony was this prevalent in? - Answer-England; Colony of PA
Seperate confinement was a penitentiary system developed in PA in which each
inmate was held in isolation from other inmates that existed in the
________________ Penitentiary - Answer-Philly (PA); 8; Eastern State Penitentiary
The New York (Auburn) System developed which kind of system in which inmates
were held in isolation at night but worked w/ eachother during the day under the rule
of silence? - Answer-Congregate system
Alexander Maconochie invented the ___________ system - Answer-mark system
Hint: Began to focus less on the criminal act and more on the offender - Answer-the
positivist school
public reaction of the Attica state prison riot aided the move from just the medical
model to the ___________ model - Answer-community
History of Corrections in America
1. Colonial (1600s- 1790s)
2.
3. Reformatory (1860s-1890s)
4. Progressive (1890s-1930s)
5.
6. Community model (1960s-1970s)
7.
, 8. Rational strategy? (e.g., evidence based programs) - Answer-penitentiary, medical
model, crime control model
Earliest known comprehensive statements of prohibited behavior were developed by
the king of Babylon in the code of ___________________ - Answer-Hammurabi
lex talionis means ______________ - Answer-law of retaliation
t/f
during the middle ages crime correction was a private affair in which vengence was
carried out by the person wronged - Answer-true
word box: transportation, corporal punishment, galley slavery, imprisonment
1. practice of forcing men to row ships
2. primarily for those awaiting trial
3. moving offenders from the community to another region
4. inflicting pain on the offender's body - Answer-1. galley slavery
2. imprisonment
3. transportation
4. corporal punishment
who argued that the only justification for punishment is utility; the safety it affords
society by preventing crime - Answer-Cesare Beccaria
word box:
What percentage of corrections is probation? - Answer-54.8
The system's framework for studying corrections includes police,
________________, courts, ________________
Goals of corrections:
-?
- community protection - Answer-prosecutors and corrections
Goals of corrections
- fair punishment
who are the central actors of corrections?
____________% or Two-thirds of persons under supervision are not in prison/jail
and actually live within the community - Answer-offenders; 70%
What are some sub units the corrections system consists of?
Probation officers, prisons, _______________, etc.
________ federal prisons & __________ state prisons - Answer-halfway houses
102 federal prisons & 1,719 state prisons
