Anatomy of an Industrial Revolution
History 1053
Context
• ■Definition- !one of the most important things in human experience.! a process of economic
development characterized by mechanization, specialization, and or rationalization, intended to increase productivity,
to increase wealth. I=^P=^$ started 1776?Mechanization-you can develop machines to do some
of the work, to replace or supplement human labor.
Machormic Reaper- simple little design, intersection saw blades connected by a wheel pulled by a horse.
Specializing- sticking to one item to create and put on.
Rationalize- find the most efficient way to put out products and climate extra steps using the most
logical way.
• ■Factors- The desire to want to be happier & being an independent natioTangible
factors: abundant natural resources (airable soil, natural water, forests, fossil fuels) rivers used for
transportation, a large GROWING population, a large internal market (the stuff we produce we sell),
favorable political structure for economic growth, necessary skills to develop, education. Intangible
Factors- entrepreneurial spirit (a willingness to take a risk with money/gamble-Alexander Hamilton),
Work/Success Ethic (Yankee- are swift and thrifty with their money & is offensive to south but not to
north), HARDWORK=SUCCESS (kind of),having the necessary attitudes ex: willingness to change &
willingness to try new things, “A new World Order” (try new things and form new attitudes about life.
• ■Trends- rural>>urban society, 1800 (80% lived on farms, 1900 50% lived
on farm, 2000 $% lived on farm). Agricultural society>> Industrial/Manufacturing society,
local>>national which can go to globalization, subsistence ecomony (food primarily to equip
yourself or feed yourself) >>commercial economy (we specialize in certain products to make
enough for a surplus, and then sell it, to get money to buy other things!)traditional
society>>modern society??burner>>cash??
Process of economic change
• ■Building an Industrial System- (most common and preferred method
to increase wealth and productivity). Interrelated components- transportation + labor +
agricultural. ALL COMPONENTS ARE INTERDEPENDENT! THEY RELY ON EACHOTHER. have to
work together and and mesh so they compliment each other, and occur near the same time for
it to work.
• ■All components interdependent- everything has to work together for it to
benefit. addition of one component makes the others more useful, if one component is
missing, the the others aren't as effective.
• ■Role of Technology- NOT ABOUT TECHNOLOGY. Our desire is the spur,
technology is simply a result of our wants and our desires.
• ■Technological solutions TO ECONOMIC PROBLEMS. people are driven to
innovate because theres an economic need. NOT ALL TECHNOLOGY HAS EQUAL VALUE
• ■Unplanned & uneven
• ■Who? When? Where? - N/A Since this was unplanned, started because we wanted to be
better off, and it progressed from there. Started because we wanted to fix our political and economic
problems. small changes progressed to bigger changes (sometimes the progression is rapid, or
, sometimes the progression drags out over the course of a life time)
ELI WHITNEY STARTED IN 1793 WITH COTTON GIN
SAMUEL SLATER STARTED THE PLAN TO BUILD TEXTILE FACTORY
FRANCIS KNOLL CREATED FACTORY OVERALL
• ■Unforeseen consequences- the need of gas increasing the price for
example
• ■Erratic economic cycles- 1790-2016 constant peaks and valleys of great prosperity
followed by periods of recessions and depressions. INDUSTRIALIZA
INDUSTRIALIZATION
TION CREA
CREATED
TED ECONOMIC
INST
INSTABILIT
ABILIT
ABILITY
Y . They assumed we would being growing and growing, and now we an unstable economy that
is unpredictable.
• ■Social divisions (class, race, gender)- The MAGNIFICA
MAGNIFICATION/MUL
TION/MUL
TION/MULTIPLICA
TIPLICA
TIPLICATION
TION
of class differences. Industrialization does not effect all people equally. The gap of income has
increased between each class.
Changes Due to Industrialization
• ■power = change over time
• ■Hand to power machines- a preindustrial artisan >> power
driven machines to do the job at a faster efficiency.
• ■Shop to factory- Where we make our society’s good. in preindustrial
society, an artisan used hand tools in a small shop which was usually their home. and then we
developed specialized locations where all tools needed are gathered to finish a specific product.
Now in order to work, you must leave home and go to another location to work.
The factories were very dangerous to work in. working on the job became one of the leading
causes of death in this time era.
• ■Local to mass market
• factories made it easier to create vast quantities of a certain item, it was easier to sell
throughout distant locations, even a national market.
• Methods of distribution and how we sell was progressing because of the factories and
railroads.
• ■Family roles
• Roles of family members, and economic function changed as well.
• in a preindustrial society, there was no rigidly defined division of labor, meaning a man,
woman and father could easily do the same task.
• Separate Spheres- the roles of the a man, woman and father were each getting more and more
intricate and specific throughout industrialization.
• Children go to school, and men go to work.
• Child Labor came in 1800s- after the children have learned to read and write, they could drop
out of school and go to work as well.
• If you're a woman in the middle class, your socially defined role was to create and maintain a
clean, loving environment for your family. Mother is primary caregiver for the children. You're
supposed to create a comfortable place for your husband.
• Men have fewer household responsibilities.
History 1053
Context
• ■Definition- !one of the most important things in human experience.! a process of economic
development characterized by mechanization, specialization, and or rationalization, intended to increase productivity,
to increase wealth. I=^P=^$ started 1776?Mechanization-you can develop machines to do some
of the work, to replace or supplement human labor.
Machormic Reaper- simple little design, intersection saw blades connected by a wheel pulled by a horse.
Specializing- sticking to one item to create and put on.
Rationalize- find the most efficient way to put out products and climate extra steps using the most
logical way.
• ■Factors- The desire to want to be happier & being an independent natioTangible
factors: abundant natural resources (airable soil, natural water, forests, fossil fuels) rivers used for
transportation, a large GROWING population, a large internal market (the stuff we produce we sell),
favorable political structure for economic growth, necessary skills to develop, education. Intangible
Factors- entrepreneurial spirit (a willingness to take a risk with money/gamble-Alexander Hamilton),
Work/Success Ethic (Yankee- are swift and thrifty with their money & is offensive to south but not to
north), HARDWORK=SUCCESS (kind of),having the necessary attitudes ex: willingness to change &
willingness to try new things, “A new World Order” (try new things and form new attitudes about life.
• ■Trends- rural>>urban society, 1800 (80% lived on farms, 1900 50% lived
on farm, 2000 $% lived on farm). Agricultural society>> Industrial/Manufacturing society,
local>>national which can go to globalization, subsistence ecomony (food primarily to equip
yourself or feed yourself) >>commercial economy (we specialize in certain products to make
enough for a surplus, and then sell it, to get money to buy other things!)traditional
society>>modern society??burner>>cash??
Process of economic change
• ■Building an Industrial System- (most common and preferred method
to increase wealth and productivity). Interrelated components- transportation + labor +
agricultural. ALL COMPONENTS ARE INTERDEPENDENT! THEY RELY ON EACHOTHER. have to
work together and and mesh so they compliment each other, and occur near the same time for
it to work.
• ■All components interdependent- everything has to work together for it to
benefit. addition of one component makes the others more useful, if one component is
missing, the the others aren't as effective.
• ■Role of Technology- NOT ABOUT TECHNOLOGY. Our desire is the spur,
technology is simply a result of our wants and our desires.
• ■Technological solutions TO ECONOMIC PROBLEMS. people are driven to
innovate because theres an economic need. NOT ALL TECHNOLOGY HAS EQUAL VALUE
• ■Unplanned & uneven
• ■Who? When? Where? - N/A Since this was unplanned, started because we wanted to be
better off, and it progressed from there. Started because we wanted to fix our political and economic
problems. small changes progressed to bigger changes (sometimes the progression is rapid, or
, sometimes the progression drags out over the course of a life time)
ELI WHITNEY STARTED IN 1793 WITH COTTON GIN
SAMUEL SLATER STARTED THE PLAN TO BUILD TEXTILE FACTORY
FRANCIS KNOLL CREATED FACTORY OVERALL
• ■Unforeseen consequences- the need of gas increasing the price for
example
• ■Erratic economic cycles- 1790-2016 constant peaks and valleys of great prosperity
followed by periods of recessions and depressions. INDUSTRIALIZA
INDUSTRIALIZATION
TION CREA
CREATED
TED ECONOMIC
INST
INSTABILIT
ABILIT
ABILITY
Y . They assumed we would being growing and growing, and now we an unstable economy that
is unpredictable.
• ■Social divisions (class, race, gender)- The MAGNIFICA
MAGNIFICATION/MUL
TION/MUL
TION/MULTIPLICA
TIPLICA
TIPLICATION
TION
of class differences. Industrialization does not effect all people equally. The gap of income has
increased between each class.
Changes Due to Industrialization
• ■power = change over time
• ■Hand to power machines- a preindustrial artisan >> power
driven machines to do the job at a faster efficiency.
• ■Shop to factory- Where we make our society’s good. in preindustrial
society, an artisan used hand tools in a small shop which was usually their home. and then we
developed specialized locations where all tools needed are gathered to finish a specific product.
Now in order to work, you must leave home and go to another location to work.
The factories were very dangerous to work in. working on the job became one of the leading
causes of death in this time era.
• ■Local to mass market
• factories made it easier to create vast quantities of a certain item, it was easier to sell
throughout distant locations, even a national market.
• Methods of distribution and how we sell was progressing because of the factories and
railroads.
• ■Family roles
• Roles of family members, and economic function changed as well.
• in a preindustrial society, there was no rigidly defined division of labor, meaning a man,
woman and father could easily do the same task.
• Separate Spheres- the roles of the a man, woman and father were each getting more and more
intricate and specific throughout industrialization.
• Children go to school, and men go to work.
• Child Labor came in 1800s- after the children have learned to read and write, they could drop
out of school and go to work as well.
• If you're a woman in the middle class, your socially defined role was to create and maintain a
clean, loving environment for your family. Mother is primary caregiver for the children. You're
supposed to create a comfortable place for your husband.
• Men have fewer household responsibilities.
