NIE: PACE 1984 CODE D: IDENTIFICATION
PROCEDURES 2025
CATEGORIES OF IDENTIFICATION?
PARA 3.1 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER THREE FORMS of IDENTIFICATION SITUATIONS:
• PART A: EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION
• PART B: RECOGNITION IDENTIFICATION by NON- EYEWITNESSES
• PART C: IMAGES BROADCAST to the PUBLIC
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- OBTAINING A FIRST DESCRIPTION FROM THE WITNESS?
PARA 3.1 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER 1. PRIOR TO TAKING a WITNESS to a PLACE to see
whether they can MAKE A POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION of an UNKNOWN SUSPECT- A RECORD
MUST BE MADE WHERE PRACTICABLE
2. PRIOR TO SHOWING a WITNESS PHOTOGRAPHS in relation to an UNKNOWN SUSPECT- A
RECORD MUST BE MADE
3. PRIOR to a WITNESS ENGAGING IN a KNOWN SUSPECT IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE- A
RECORD MUST BE MADE
√ Of the FIRST DESCRIPTION PROVIDED by a WITNESS of the SUSPECT
√ BEFORE the WITNESS TAKES PART in an IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE, which MUST be BOTH:
1. VISIBLE and LEGIBLE (PAPER BASED or ELECTRONIC form); and
2. Enable the DESCRIPTION provided by the WITNESS to be ACCURATELY REPRODUCED and
WHERE PRACTICABLE TO BE GIVEN to:
• The SUSPECT
,• Their SOLICITOR
√ PRIOR to the CONDUCT of a CONSENSUAL KNOWN SUSPECT IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- WHEN MUST THE FIRST DESCRIPTION BE TAKEN FROM THE
WITNESS?
PARA 3.1 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER x The TIME SINCE THE INCIDENT WHEN the RECORD
IS MADE is IRRELEVANT,
PROVIDED:
√ The FIRST DESCRIPTION is RECORDED
√ BEFORE the WITNESS ENGAGES
In an IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- SUPPLYING A COPY OF THE FIRST DESCRIPTION TO THE SUSPECT/
THEIR SOLICITOR?
PARA 3.1 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER √ A COPY of the RECORD shall WHERE PRACTICABLE
be given to:
1. The SUSPECT
2. Their SOLICITOR
√ BEFORE ENGAGING in a CONSENSUAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE for KNOW SUSPECTS
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- KNOWN AND UNKNOWN SUSPECTS?
PARA 3.1A PACE 1984 CODE D
,(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER The RULES FOR IDENTIFICATION DIFFER for
SUSPECTS who are:
KNOWN
Where there is SUFFICIENT INFORMATION known to the POLICE to JUSTIFY the ARREST of a
PARTICULAR PERSON for the SUSPECTED INVOLVEMENT in an OFFENCE
Or:
NOT KNOWN
Where there is INSUFFICIENT INFORMATION known to the POLICE to JUSTIFY the ARREST of a
PARTICULAR PERSON for the SUSPECTED INVOLVEMENT in an OFFENCE
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- PROCEDURES FOR UNKNOWN SUSPECTS?
PARA 3.2 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER ? If the SUSPECT IS UNKNOWN:
√ A RECORD should be made of the WITNESSES' FIRST DESCRIPTION
√ The WITNESS can engage in the following IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES:
1. SHOWN VISUAL IMAGES; or
2. TAKEN to a PARTICULAR PLACE
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- PROCEDURES FOR TAKING WITNESSES TO A PLACE TO LOOK FOR
UNKNOWN SUSPECTS?
PARA 3.2 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER √ WHERE PRACTICABLE (NOT MANDATORY) a
RECORD of the
√ WITNESS'S FIRST DESCRIPTION MUST BE TAKEN
√ BEFORE ASKING the WITNESS to make an IDENTIFICATION
√ EACH WITNESS should be taken SEPARATELY where there is MORE THAN ONE WITNESS
, x Care MUST be taken NOT TO DRAW the WITNESS'S ATTENTION to any PERSON
x UNLESS this CANNOT BE AVOIDED
√ If it is NECESSARY, an OFFICER will be PERMITTED to ASK THE WITNESS TO LOOK at either:
• A GROUP; or
• In a PARTICULAR DIRECTION
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- ACTION TO BE TAKEN ONCE THE WITNESS HAS MADE A POSITIVE
IDENTIFICATION?
PARA 3.2 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER √ Once a WITNESS HAS MADE a POSITIVE
IDENTIFICATION:
1. There is now SUFFICIENT INFORMATION to JUSTIFY the ARREST of the SUSPECT, who
BECOMES KNOWN at this juncture
2. The IDENTIFICATION RULES FOR KNOWN SUSPECTS MUST BE FOLLOWED for ANY OTHER
WITNESSES (other than the WITNESS who made the POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION)
3. It is NOT NECESSARY for the WITNESS who made the POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION of the
SUSPECT when they were UNKNOWN to ENGAGE in any KNOWN SUSPECT IDENTIFICATION
PROCEDURE
EXAM TRIP UP: (3.) Does Not apply to a WITNESS making a POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION from
being shown PHOTOGRAPHS)
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- POST IDENTIFICATION RECORDING OBLIGATIONS?
PARA 3.2 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER The OFFICER MUST RECORD in their PNB ASAP:
1. The DATE/ TIME/ LOCATION the WITNESS PREVIOUSLY SAW the SUSPECT
2. DETAILS of the SUBSEQUENT IDENTIFICATION, including:
PROCEDURES 2025
CATEGORIES OF IDENTIFICATION?
PARA 3.1 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER THREE FORMS of IDENTIFICATION SITUATIONS:
• PART A: EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION
• PART B: RECOGNITION IDENTIFICATION by NON- EYEWITNESSES
• PART C: IMAGES BROADCAST to the PUBLIC
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- OBTAINING A FIRST DESCRIPTION FROM THE WITNESS?
PARA 3.1 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER 1. PRIOR TO TAKING a WITNESS to a PLACE to see
whether they can MAKE A POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION of an UNKNOWN SUSPECT- A RECORD
MUST BE MADE WHERE PRACTICABLE
2. PRIOR TO SHOWING a WITNESS PHOTOGRAPHS in relation to an UNKNOWN SUSPECT- A
RECORD MUST BE MADE
3. PRIOR to a WITNESS ENGAGING IN a KNOWN SUSPECT IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE- A
RECORD MUST BE MADE
√ Of the FIRST DESCRIPTION PROVIDED by a WITNESS of the SUSPECT
√ BEFORE the WITNESS TAKES PART in an IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE, which MUST be BOTH:
1. VISIBLE and LEGIBLE (PAPER BASED or ELECTRONIC form); and
2. Enable the DESCRIPTION provided by the WITNESS to be ACCURATELY REPRODUCED and
WHERE PRACTICABLE TO BE GIVEN to:
• The SUSPECT
,• Their SOLICITOR
√ PRIOR to the CONDUCT of a CONSENSUAL KNOWN SUSPECT IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- WHEN MUST THE FIRST DESCRIPTION BE TAKEN FROM THE
WITNESS?
PARA 3.1 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER x The TIME SINCE THE INCIDENT WHEN the RECORD
IS MADE is IRRELEVANT,
PROVIDED:
√ The FIRST DESCRIPTION is RECORDED
√ BEFORE the WITNESS ENGAGES
In an IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- SUPPLYING A COPY OF THE FIRST DESCRIPTION TO THE SUSPECT/
THEIR SOLICITOR?
PARA 3.1 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER √ A COPY of the RECORD shall WHERE PRACTICABLE
be given to:
1. The SUSPECT
2. Their SOLICITOR
√ BEFORE ENGAGING in a CONSENSUAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE for KNOW SUSPECTS
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- KNOWN AND UNKNOWN SUSPECTS?
PARA 3.1A PACE 1984 CODE D
,(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER The RULES FOR IDENTIFICATION DIFFER for
SUSPECTS who are:
KNOWN
Where there is SUFFICIENT INFORMATION known to the POLICE to JUSTIFY the ARREST of a
PARTICULAR PERSON for the SUSPECTED INVOLVEMENT in an OFFENCE
Or:
NOT KNOWN
Where there is INSUFFICIENT INFORMATION known to the POLICE to JUSTIFY the ARREST of a
PARTICULAR PERSON for the SUSPECTED INVOLVEMENT in an OFFENCE
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- PROCEDURES FOR UNKNOWN SUSPECTS?
PARA 3.2 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER ? If the SUSPECT IS UNKNOWN:
√ A RECORD should be made of the WITNESSES' FIRST DESCRIPTION
√ The WITNESS can engage in the following IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES:
1. SHOWN VISUAL IMAGES; or
2. TAKEN to a PARTICULAR PLACE
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- PROCEDURES FOR TAKING WITNESSES TO A PLACE TO LOOK FOR
UNKNOWN SUSPECTS?
PARA 3.2 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER √ WHERE PRACTICABLE (NOT MANDATORY) a
RECORD of the
√ WITNESS'S FIRST DESCRIPTION MUST BE TAKEN
√ BEFORE ASKING the WITNESS to make an IDENTIFICATION
√ EACH WITNESS should be taken SEPARATELY where there is MORE THAN ONE WITNESS
, x Care MUST be taken NOT TO DRAW the WITNESS'S ATTENTION to any PERSON
x UNLESS this CANNOT BE AVOIDED
√ If it is NECESSARY, an OFFICER will be PERMITTED to ASK THE WITNESS TO LOOK at either:
• A GROUP; or
• In a PARTICULAR DIRECTION
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- ACTION TO BE TAKEN ONCE THE WITNESS HAS MADE A POSITIVE
IDENTIFICATION?
PARA 3.2 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER √ Once a WITNESS HAS MADE a POSITIVE
IDENTIFICATION:
1. There is now SUFFICIENT INFORMATION to JUSTIFY the ARREST of the SUSPECT, who
BECOMES KNOWN at this juncture
2. The IDENTIFICATION RULES FOR KNOWN SUSPECTS MUST BE FOLLOWED for ANY OTHER
WITNESSES (other than the WITNESS who made the POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION)
3. It is NOT NECESSARY for the WITNESS who made the POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION of the
SUSPECT when they were UNKNOWN to ENGAGE in any KNOWN SUSPECT IDENTIFICATION
PROCEDURE
EXAM TRIP UP: (3.) Does Not apply to a WITNESS making a POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION from
being shown PHOTOGRAPHS)
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION- POST IDENTIFICATION RECORDING OBLIGATIONS?
PARA 3.2 PACE 1984 CODE D
(IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES) - ANSWER The OFFICER MUST RECORD in their PNB ASAP:
1. The DATE/ TIME/ LOCATION the WITNESS PREVIOUSLY SAW the SUSPECT
2. DETAILS of the SUBSEQUENT IDENTIFICATION, including:
