BIOS 252 Anatomy & Physiology II
Complete Midterm Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which component of blood is primarily responsible for clot
formation?
- A. Red blood cells
- B. Platelets
- C. Plasma
- D. White blood cells
ANS : B. Platelets
Rationale : Platelets (thrombocytes) play a critical role in the
clotting cascade by forming a temporary "plug" to prevent
bleeding.
©2025
,2. What is the primary function of the nephron loop (Loop of
Henle) in the kidney?
- A. Filtration of blood plasma
- B. Reabsorption of water and electrolytes
- C. Secretion of hormones
- D. Collection of urine
ANS : B. Reabsorption of water and electrolytes
Rationale : The nephron loop concentrates urine by
reabsorbing water and sodium ions, playing a vital role in fluid
balance.
3. Which layer of the heart is responsible for contraction and
pumping of blood?
- A. Endocardium
- B. Epicardium
- C. Myocardium
- D. Pericardium
ANS : C. Myocardium
Rationale : The myocardium, composed of cardiac muscle
tissue, generates the force needed for heart contractions.
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©2025
, Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
4. The ____ system is responsible for transporting oxygen and
carbon dioxide in the body.
ANS : Respiratory
Rationale : The respiratory system facilitates gas exchange in
the lungs and delivers oxygen to tissues via the bloodstream.
5. The hepatic portal vein carries nutrient-rich blood from the
gastrointestinal tract to the ____.
ANS : Liver
Rationale : The liver processes nutrients, detoxifies
chemicals, and metabolizes drugs received through the portal
circulation.
6. The hormone ____ is secreted by the adrenal medulla and
triggers the "fight-or-flight" response.
ANS : Epinephrine
Rationale : Epinephrine (adrenaline) increases heart rate,
blood pressure, and energy availability during stress.
---
©2025
, True/False Questions
7. Blood in the pulmonary arteries is oxygenated.
ANS : False
Rationale : Pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood
from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
8. Bile produced by the liver is stored and concentrated in the
gallbladder.
ANS : True
Rationale : The gallbladder stores bile, which aids in the
digestion and absorption of fats.
9. The large intestine is primarily responsible for nutrient
absorption.
ANS : False
Rationale : The large intestine primarily absorbs water and
electrolytes, while most nutrient absorption occurs in the small
intestine.
---
©2025
Complete Midterm Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which component of blood is primarily responsible for clot
formation?
- A. Red blood cells
- B. Platelets
- C. Plasma
- D. White blood cells
ANS : B. Platelets
Rationale : Platelets (thrombocytes) play a critical role in the
clotting cascade by forming a temporary "plug" to prevent
bleeding.
©2025
,2. What is the primary function of the nephron loop (Loop of
Henle) in the kidney?
- A. Filtration of blood plasma
- B. Reabsorption of water and electrolytes
- C. Secretion of hormones
- D. Collection of urine
ANS : B. Reabsorption of water and electrolytes
Rationale : The nephron loop concentrates urine by
reabsorbing water and sodium ions, playing a vital role in fluid
balance.
3. Which layer of the heart is responsible for contraction and
pumping of blood?
- A. Endocardium
- B. Epicardium
- C. Myocardium
- D. Pericardium
ANS : C. Myocardium
Rationale : The myocardium, composed of cardiac muscle
tissue, generates the force needed for heart contractions.
---
©2025
, Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
4. The ____ system is responsible for transporting oxygen and
carbon dioxide in the body.
ANS : Respiratory
Rationale : The respiratory system facilitates gas exchange in
the lungs and delivers oxygen to tissues via the bloodstream.
5. The hepatic portal vein carries nutrient-rich blood from the
gastrointestinal tract to the ____.
ANS : Liver
Rationale : The liver processes nutrients, detoxifies
chemicals, and metabolizes drugs received through the portal
circulation.
6. The hormone ____ is secreted by the adrenal medulla and
triggers the "fight-or-flight" response.
ANS : Epinephrine
Rationale : Epinephrine (adrenaline) increases heart rate,
blood pressure, and energy availability during stress.
---
©2025
, True/False Questions
7. Blood in the pulmonary arteries is oxygenated.
ANS : False
Rationale : Pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood
from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
8. Bile produced by the liver is stored and concentrated in the
gallbladder.
ANS : True
Rationale : The gallbladder stores bile, which aids in the
digestion and absorption of fats.
9. The large intestine is primarily responsible for nutrient
absorption.
ANS : False
Rationale : The large intestine primarily absorbs water and
electrolytes, while most nutrient absorption occurs in the small
intestine.
---
©2025
