CLEP Introductory Psychology
Psychologists who are interested in behavioral similarities and differences between
g g g g g g g g g
g species are g
a. biological psychologists. g
b. experimental psychologists. g
c. comparative psychologists. g
d. animal psychologists.g
e. physiological psychologists. g
Correct Answer-c. comparative psychologists.
g g g
Employee morale and staff cooperation would be the concern of a(n)
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
a. clinical psychologist.
ggg
b. forensic psychologist. ggg
c. social psychologist.
ggg
d. industrial and organizational psychologist.
ggg ggg g gg
e. business psychologist. ggg
Correct Answer-The correct answer is D. Industrial and organizational
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg
psychologists g g g work with management and staff in the world of
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
business.
To determine if people are coming to a full stop at an intersection with a
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg g gg ggg g gg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg g
gg new stop
ggg g g g sign, the best research method would be a(n)
ggg g gg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
a. naturalistic observation. ggg
,b. experiment.
c. case study. ggg
d. correlation.
e. survey.
Correct Answer-The correct answer is A. In naturalistic observation, the
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
researcher g g g tries to be as inconspicuous as possible so as not to
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
influence the situation. ggg ggg
If a researcher wished to determine whether heat causes an increase in
ggg ggg g gg ggg ggg ggg g gg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
aggression, g g g the best approach would be to
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
a. observe people in a public park on hot and cold days.
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
b. compare and cross-reference weather reports with crime statistics.
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg
c. recruit participants to a university study, put half in a cold room and
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
half in a hot
ggg ggg ggg g g g room, and then observe their behavior.
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
d. compare crime rates in countries that are hot vs. cooler.
ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
e. ask people if they feel irritable and prone to aggression
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
Correct Answer-The correct answer is C. The only way to determine
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
whether one ggg g g g variable causes another is to do an experiment. In an
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
experiment, one factor ggg ggg g g g (variable) is manipulated while all otherggg ggg ggg ggg ggg gg g
variables are held constant. Non-g gg ggg ggg ggg g g g experimental methods yield g gg ggg ggg
correlational results only. Researchers cannot make ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg g g g causal statements ggg g gg
from correlational results.
g gg ggg
In an experiment, subjects given various amounts of alcohol drive a course
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg gg g ggg ggg g gg ggg ggg gg
g marked g g g by orange pylons. The independent variable in this experiment
ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
is the
ggg
,a. various amounts of alcohol.
ggg ggg ggg
, b. subjects' driving ability before alcohol consumption.
g gg ggg ggg ggg ggg
c. subjects' driving ability after alcohol consumption.
g gg ggg ggg gg g g gg
d. the number of orange pylons hit.
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
e. speed through the obstacle course.
ggg ggg ggg ggg
Correct Answer-The correct answer is A. An independent variable is the
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg g gg ggg
variable that ggg g g g experimenters change while holding all other variables ggg ggg ggg g gg gg g ggg ggg
constant. In this case, some ggg ggg ggg g gg g g g participants got more alcohol and some g gg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
got less. Hitting pylons is an outcome
ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg g g g (dependent variable) of the ggg ggg ggg ggg
amount of alcohol consumed. The researchers did not
gg g ggg g gg ggg ggg ggg ggg g g g manipulate ggg
individual driving ability. ggg ggg
Scientists use replication in order to
ggg ggg ggg ggg g gg
a. increase validity. ggg
b. increase research grants. ggg ggg
c. show cause and effect. ggg ggg ggg
d. become more confident about their conclusions across a variety of
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg gg g ggg
situations.
e. satisfy ethics requirements. ggg ggg
Correct Answer-The correct answer is D. Replication involves repeating a
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
study to ggg g g g determine whether the results are supported, or whether ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
they occurred due to
ggg ggg ggg g g g chance.
The psychological perspective which includes the assumption that people are
ggg g gg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg
ggg often g g g unaware of the real motives behind their behavior is
ggg ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg g gg ggg
a. psychoanalysis.
Psychologists who are interested in behavioral similarities and differences between
g g g g g g g g g
g species are g
a. biological psychologists. g
b. experimental psychologists. g
c. comparative psychologists. g
d. animal psychologists.g
e. physiological psychologists. g
Correct Answer-c. comparative psychologists.
g g g
Employee morale and staff cooperation would be the concern of a(n)
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
a. clinical psychologist.
ggg
b. forensic psychologist. ggg
c. social psychologist.
ggg
d. industrial and organizational psychologist.
ggg ggg g gg
e. business psychologist. ggg
Correct Answer-The correct answer is D. Industrial and organizational
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg
psychologists g g g work with management and staff in the world of
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
business.
To determine if people are coming to a full stop at an intersection with a
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg g gg ggg g gg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg g
gg new stop
ggg g g g sign, the best research method would be a(n)
ggg g gg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
a. naturalistic observation. ggg
,b. experiment.
c. case study. ggg
d. correlation.
e. survey.
Correct Answer-The correct answer is A. In naturalistic observation, the
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
researcher g g g tries to be as inconspicuous as possible so as not to
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
influence the situation. ggg ggg
If a researcher wished to determine whether heat causes an increase in
ggg ggg g gg ggg ggg ggg g gg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
aggression, g g g the best approach would be to
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
a. observe people in a public park on hot and cold days.
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
b. compare and cross-reference weather reports with crime statistics.
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg
c. recruit participants to a university study, put half in a cold room and
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
half in a hot
ggg ggg ggg g g g room, and then observe their behavior.
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
d. compare crime rates in countries that are hot vs. cooler.
ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
e. ask people if they feel irritable and prone to aggression
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
Correct Answer-The correct answer is C. The only way to determine
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
whether one ggg g g g variable causes another is to do an experiment. In an
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
experiment, one factor ggg ggg g g g (variable) is manipulated while all otherggg ggg ggg ggg ggg gg g
variables are held constant. Non-g gg ggg ggg ggg g g g experimental methods yield g gg ggg ggg
correlational results only. Researchers cannot make ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg g g g causal statements ggg g gg
from correlational results.
g gg ggg
In an experiment, subjects given various amounts of alcohol drive a course
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg gg g ggg ggg g gg ggg ggg gg
g marked g g g by orange pylons. The independent variable in this experiment
ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
is the
ggg
,a. various amounts of alcohol.
ggg ggg ggg
, b. subjects' driving ability before alcohol consumption.
g gg ggg ggg ggg ggg
c. subjects' driving ability after alcohol consumption.
g gg ggg ggg gg g g gg
d. the number of orange pylons hit.
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
e. speed through the obstacle course.
ggg ggg ggg ggg
Correct Answer-The correct answer is A. An independent variable is the
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg g gg ggg
variable that ggg g g g experimenters change while holding all other variables ggg ggg ggg g gg gg g ggg ggg
constant. In this case, some ggg ggg ggg g gg g g g participants got more alcohol and some g gg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
got less. Hitting pylons is an outcome
ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg g g g (dependent variable) of the ggg ggg ggg ggg
amount of alcohol consumed. The researchers did not
gg g ggg g gg ggg ggg ggg ggg g g g manipulate ggg
individual driving ability. ggg ggg
Scientists use replication in order to
ggg ggg ggg ggg g gg
a. increase validity. ggg
b. increase research grants. ggg ggg
c. show cause and effect. ggg ggg ggg
d. become more confident about their conclusions across a variety of
ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg gg g ggg
situations.
e. satisfy ethics requirements. ggg ggg
Correct Answer-The correct answer is D. Replication involves repeating a
ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
study to ggg g g g determine whether the results are supported, or whether ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg ggg
they occurred due to
ggg ggg ggg g g g chance.
The psychological perspective which includes the assumption that people are
ggg g gg ggg ggg gg g ggg ggg ggg ggg
ggg often g g g unaware of the real motives behind their behavior is
ggg ggg ggg ggg gg g ggg g gg ggg
a. psychoanalysis.
