HESI CAT LATEST EXAM 2024/2025 WITH QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A ++
A client with irritable bowel syndrome is recovering from surgery to create
an ileostomy what foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid to
reduce the risk of food blockage -ANSWER Dried fruits & nuts
Rationale: dried fruits and nuts can cause a blockage in the small intestine
the client should be instructed to avoid these food items with an ileostomy
A client with malnutrition is assessed for osteomalacia what data show the
nurse review to determine their clients risk for this health problem -
ANSWER Vitamin D levels
Rationale: Malnutrition has widespread affects on various organ systems
osteomalacia is defective mineralization of newly formed bones secondary
to chronic deficiency of vitamin D it results in soft, weak bones that fracture
easily vitamin D levels will provide the nurse with the most accurate
information regarding this health problem
The nurse has determine an adolescent client needs reinforcement
education about prevention of a sickle cell crisis which instruction should
the nurse include select all that apply -ANSWER Wear warm clothes
outside in cold weather
take your hydroxyurea (Droxia) daily as prescribed
Drink at least eight 12 ounces glasses of water a day
Get regular exercise but do not exercise so much that you become tired
Rationale: Vaso-occlusive crisis is the most common clinical manifestation
of a sickle cell disease. it occurs when the micro circulation is obstructed by
sickling of the red blood cells resulting in local tissue ischemia and severe
pain. the three most common identify triggers for the development of a
vaso-occlusive crisis are hypoxemia, dehydration, and body temperature
changes
The nurse is caring for a client with schizophrenia who has refused they are
risperidone for the last week the client has been suspicious of nursing staff
and periodically aggressive for the past three days today the client broke a
,chair in their room and is making verbal threats to the nurse and to other
clients in the day wrong what is the first action the nurse should take -
ANSWER Remove the other clients in nonessential staff from the day room
Rationale: schizophrenia is a mental health disorder which causes
hallucinations, delusions, disorder thought process and impaired behavior
function.
Safety for all staff clients and visitors is priority and potential violence
situations
A nurse who normally works on a post surgical care unit has been asked to
float to the preoperative care unit what is the best response by the nurse -
ANSWER I don't feel totally comfortable floating so I would like to be paired
with a resource nurse for my shift
Rationale: The nurse has acknowledged their discomfort with floating and
has also identified a means of making a float shift nurse more comfortable
and important part of a successful float shift and identifying using resources
on the float unit including a partnership with a specific resource nurse for
the shift to answer questions locate supplies etc.
The nurse is preparing to administer medication through a client's
nasalgastric tube what will the nurse do first when administering these
medications -ANSWER Assessed for placement of the nasalgastric tube
Rationale: Before inserting any medication through the nasal gastric tube
the nurse needs to assess for correct placement of the tube
A client with an stage renal failure has requested no further treatment be
provided when the oldest daughter arrives to visit she is visibly upset that
all dialysis treatments have ended in demands that treatment be continue
what should the nurse do it this time -ANSWER Explained that the client
has requested that all treatments be stop
Rationale: The nurse is responsible for the following clients wishes for
treatment the daughter does not need to leave because there's no
evidence that the client is upset resuming Dallas treatment is not what the
client wants and should not be done the nurse can explain the change in
treatments with a daughter and does not need to ask a physician to have
this conversation
,The education department of a healthcare organization has design client
education sheet that explains the process of being admitted to the hospital
in English Spanish and French since these are the three major language is
spoken by the hospitals client population what does the client education
sheet reflects -ANSWER Sensitivity to the diverse Client population
Rationale: By creating a client education sheet that can be read by the
hospitals major client population the education department is
demonstrating sensitivity to the diverse client population the education
sheet does not reflect racial profiling stereotyping or inappropriate
categorizing of the clients population
The nurse is emptying the urinary collection bag for a client with history of
HIV in which sequence sure the nurse perform the following actions after
the urinary collection bag has been drained -ANSWER Ensure urinary
collection bag is placed below the clients bladder
empty that your receptacle
remove PPE
Wash hands with soap & water
Document amount of urine collected
Rationale: urine is a bodily fluid that can contain viruses bacteria and blood
borne illnesses in cases of hematuria healthcare professionals including
nurses need to completely situational risk assessment prior to each client
interaction to determine risk and choose the appropriate infection control
strategy to minimize risk to themselves and their client population
according to the CDC
A GRANDSon is concern about the older clients happiness and so much
time is spent talking about the past what should the nurse respond to the
grandson -ANSWER Reminiscing is a common activity in older adults that
helps them to stay connected
Rationale: The nurse should explain that reminiscing is normal and
common activity in older adults talking about the past helps older adult
clients stay connected to other people by providing a topic of conversation
even if they don't experience much during the day
, Family of an elderly Japanese woman is upset because the client has not
received any pain medication the nurse explains that the client never
complain about pain and did not write the pain and severe when assess
what should the nurse manager do -ANSWER Explain that in the Japanese
culture people often show a stoic response to pain so that it is important to
look for PHYSICAL clues
Rationale: individuals of Japanese descent will not complain about pain as
they do not want to dishonor themselves or their families some will either
refuse pain medication when offered therefore it is important to look for
physical clothes like (rocking, sweat on brows, elevated blood pressure)
and input from the family when assessing for pain
The nurse assessed audible expiratory wheezes over a clients lower lobes
what should the nurse do first after completing this assessment -ANSWER
Raise the Head of the bed to a 60° angle
Rationale: The client is demonstrating bilateral lower lobe wheezes the first
thing the nurse should do is raise the head of the bed to a 60° angle in
order to improve ventilation
The nurse is flushing a clients peripheral intravenous catheter saline lock
with sterile normal saline during the flush the nurse notes that resistance is
met what action should the nurse take -ANSWER Remove the saline lock
and re-insert in another site
Rationale: The peripheral in a minute IV catheter device also known as a
saline lock is a device flushed with saline and applied to a PICC to maintain
IV access and patency. To maintain patency the lock should be flush with 3
mL of NS before and after each medication administered, after blood draw,
and every 12 hours with the saline lock has been not been in use. While
saline locks reduce the need to insert IV lines, they do have a risk and
should be removed 72 hours after insertion to reduce the likelihood of
infection
Infiltration -ANSWER The infusion of fluid or medication outside the vein
usually caused by poor IV placement skin will appear swollen and cool to
the touch
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A ++
A client with irritable bowel syndrome is recovering from surgery to create
an ileostomy what foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid to
reduce the risk of food blockage -ANSWER Dried fruits & nuts
Rationale: dried fruits and nuts can cause a blockage in the small intestine
the client should be instructed to avoid these food items with an ileostomy
A client with malnutrition is assessed for osteomalacia what data show the
nurse review to determine their clients risk for this health problem -
ANSWER Vitamin D levels
Rationale: Malnutrition has widespread affects on various organ systems
osteomalacia is defective mineralization of newly formed bones secondary
to chronic deficiency of vitamin D it results in soft, weak bones that fracture
easily vitamin D levels will provide the nurse with the most accurate
information regarding this health problem
The nurse has determine an adolescent client needs reinforcement
education about prevention of a sickle cell crisis which instruction should
the nurse include select all that apply -ANSWER Wear warm clothes
outside in cold weather
take your hydroxyurea (Droxia) daily as prescribed
Drink at least eight 12 ounces glasses of water a day
Get regular exercise but do not exercise so much that you become tired
Rationale: Vaso-occlusive crisis is the most common clinical manifestation
of a sickle cell disease. it occurs when the micro circulation is obstructed by
sickling of the red blood cells resulting in local tissue ischemia and severe
pain. the three most common identify triggers for the development of a
vaso-occlusive crisis are hypoxemia, dehydration, and body temperature
changes
The nurse is caring for a client with schizophrenia who has refused they are
risperidone for the last week the client has been suspicious of nursing staff
and periodically aggressive for the past three days today the client broke a
,chair in their room and is making verbal threats to the nurse and to other
clients in the day wrong what is the first action the nurse should take -
ANSWER Remove the other clients in nonessential staff from the day room
Rationale: schizophrenia is a mental health disorder which causes
hallucinations, delusions, disorder thought process and impaired behavior
function.
Safety for all staff clients and visitors is priority and potential violence
situations
A nurse who normally works on a post surgical care unit has been asked to
float to the preoperative care unit what is the best response by the nurse -
ANSWER I don't feel totally comfortable floating so I would like to be paired
with a resource nurse for my shift
Rationale: The nurse has acknowledged their discomfort with floating and
has also identified a means of making a float shift nurse more comfortable
and important part of a successful float shift and identifying using resources
on the float unit including a partnership with a specific resource nurse for
the shift to answer questions locate supplies etc.
The nurse is preparing to administer medication through a client's
nasalgastric tube what will the nurse do first when administering these
medications -ANSWER Assessed for placement of the nasalgastric tube
Rationale: Before inserting any medication through the nasal gastric tube
the nurse needs to assess for correct placement of the tube
A client with an stage renal failure has requested no further treatment be
provided when the oldest daughter arrives to visit she is visibly upset that
all dialysis treatments have ended in demands that treatment be continue
what should the nurse do it this time -ANSWER Explained that the client
has requested that all treatments be stop
Rationale: The nurse is responsible for the following clients wishes for
treatment the daughter does not need to leave because there's no
evidence that the client is upset resuming Dallas treatment is not what the
client wants and should not be done the nurse can explain the change in
treatments with a daughter and does not need to ask a physician to have
this conversation
,The education department of a healthcare organization has design client
education sheet that explains the process of being admitted to the hospital
in English Spanish and French since these are the three major language is
spoken by the hospitals client population what does the client education
sheet reflects -ANSWER Sensitivity to the diverse Client population
Rationale: By creating a client education sheet that can be read by the
hospitals major client population the education department is
demonstrating sensitivity to the diverse client population the education
sheet does not reflect racial profiling stereotyping or inappropriate
categorizing of the clients population
The nurse is emptying the urinary collection bag for a client with history of
HIV in which sequence sure the nurse perform the following actions after
the urinary collection bag has been drained -ANSWER Ensure urinary
collection bag is placed below the clients bladder
empty that your receptacle
remove PPE
Wash hands with soap & water
Document amount of urine collected
Rationale: urine is a bodily fluid that can contain viruses bacteria and blood
borne illnesses in cases of hematuria healthcare professionals including
nurses need to completely situational risk assessment prior to each client
interaction to determine risk and choose the appropriate infection control
strategy to minimize risk to themselves and their client population
according to the CDC
A GRANDSon is concern about the older clients happiness and so much
time is spent talking about the past what should the nurse respond to the
grandson -ANSWER Reminiscing is a common activity in older adults that
helps them to stay connected
Rationale: The nurse should explain that reminiscing is normal and
common activity in older adults talking about the past helps older adult
clients stay connected to other people by providing a topic of conversation
even if they don't experience much during the day
, Family of an elderly Japanese woman is upset because the client has not
received any pain medication the nurse explains that the client never
complain about pain and did not write the pain and severe when assess
what should the nurse manager do -ANSWER Explain that in the Japanese
culture people often show a stoic response to pain so that it is important to
look for PHYSICAL clues
Rationale: individuals of Japanese descent will not complain about pain as
they do not want to dishonor themselves or their families some will either
refuse pain medication when offered therefore it is important to look for
physical clothes like (rocking, sweat on brows, elevated blood pressure)
and input from the family when assessing for pain
The nurse assessed audible expiratory wheezes over a clients lower lobes
what should the nurse do first after completing this assessment -ANSWER
Raise the Head of the bed to a 60° angle
Rationale: The client is demonstrating bilateral lower lobe wheezes the first
thing the nurse should do is raise the head of the bed to a 60° angle in
order to improve ventilation
The nurse is flushing a clients peripheral intravenous catheter saline lock
with sterile normal saline during the flush the nurse notes that resistance is
met what action should the nurse take -ANSWER Remove the saline lock
and re-insert in another site
Rationale: The peripheral in a minute IV catheter device also known as a
saline lock is a device flushed with saline and applied to a PICC to maintain
IV access and patency. To maintain patency the lock should be flush with 3
mL of NS before and after each medication administered, after blood draw,
and every 12 hours with the saline lock has been not been in use. While
saline locks reduce the need to insert IV lines, they do have a risk and
should be removed 72 hours after insertion to reduce the likelihood of
infection
Infiltration -ANSWER The infusion of fluid or medication outside the vein
usually caused by poor IV placement skin will appear swollen and cool to
the touch
