BIO 1020 TEST #3 | 252 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT | NEW
UPDATE 2025
What is Okazaki fragment? - ANSWER A short segment of DNA synthesized on
a lagging strand during DNA replication by DNA polymerase III.
the life of a cell from its origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division
into two daughter cells; includes cell growth (DNA replication) and cell division -
ANSWER cell cycle
What type of cell division occurs in prokaryotes and bacteria? - ANSWER binary
fission
How many steps are there in binary fission? - ANSWER 4
Is binary fission asexual or sexual? - ANSWER asexual
What are the four phases of mitosis? - ANSWER prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, telophase
What phase precedes mitosis? 90% of a eukaryotic cell's life is spent in this phase.
- ANSWER interphase
What are the three phases of interphase? - ANSWER G1, S, and G2
,At what phase of interphase are the sister chromatids made? - ANSWER S
(synthesis)
What is the mitotic spindle composed of? - ANSWER centrosomes and
microtubules
What pushes the sister chromatids to be arranged at the metaphase plate during
metaphase? - ANSWER mitotic spindle fibers
What pulls the chromosomes toward the poles of the cell during anaphase? -
ANSWER mitotic spindle fibers
True or False: Plants have centrioles. - ANSWER false
2 cylindrical organelles near the nucleus of an animal cell that assist in mitosis by
helping in the formation of spindle fibers for the mitotic spindle - ANSWER
centrioles
What are the two types of cell cycle signaling molecules that must combine in
order to pass the G2 checkpoint and perform other tasks during mitosis? -
ANSWER kinases and cyclins
What are the steps of meiosis? - ANSWER Interphase, Prophase I, Metaphase I,
Anaphase I, Telophase I, Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II
,process in genetics by which the two chromosomes of a homologous pair
exchange equal segments with each other - ANSWER crossing over
In which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur? - ANSWER prophase 1
How many chromosomes does a human somatic cell have? - ANSWER 46 (23
pairs)
How many chromatids exist before synapsis in mitosis and meiosis? - ANSWER
46
How many chromatids exist after synapsis in mitosis and meiosis? - ANSWER
92
How many chromosomes exist in a human gamete? - ANSWER 23 (23
chromatids)
A gamete has 23 chromosomes of the somatic cell's 46 chromosomes. What is a
gamete? - ANSWER a haploid cell
A somatic cell has 46 chromosomes while a gamete has 23 chromosomes. What is
a somatic cell? - ANSWER a diploid cell
What are the three mechanisms of meiosis that contribute to genetic variation? -
ANSWER independent assortment of chromosomes, crossing over, and the
random nature of fertilization
, diversity in gene frequencies - ANSWER variation
Which of Mendel's laws states that the two alleles for a heritable character
segregate (separate) during gamete production and end up in different gametes? -
ANSWER law of segregation
Which of Mendel's laws states that each pair of homologous chromosomes orient
independently during gamete formation? - ANSWER law of independent
assortment
when two genes are located closely together on the same chromosome and tend
to be inherited together during meiosis unless crossing-over occurs between them
is a phenomenon called... - ANSWER genetic linkage
a type of non-Mendelain inheritance patter in which a heterozygous organism
with a heterozygous genotype for a certain gene show a distinct intermediate
phenotype not seen by homozygotes - ANSWER incomplete dominance
a type of non-Mendelain inheritance pattern in which a different degree of
dominance is shown in which two alleles affect the phenotype in separate,
distinguishable ways; both alleles are totally expressed (no intermediate) -
ANSWER codominance
a type of non-Mendelain inheritance pattern that states that one gene depends
upon another gene for it to be expressed - ANSWER epistasis
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT | NEW
UPDATE 2025
What is Okazaki fragment? - ANSWER A short segment of DNA synthesized on
a lagging strand during DNA replication by DNA polymerase III.
the life of a cell from its origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division
into two daughter cells; includes cell growth (DNA replication) and cell division -
ANSWER cell cycle
What type of cell division occurs in prokaryotes and bacteria? - ANSWER binary
fission
How many steps are there in binary fission? - ANSWER 4
Is binary fission asexual or sexual? - ANSWER asexual
What are the four phases of mitosis? - ANSWER prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, telophase
What phase precedes mitosis? 90% of a eukaryotic cell's life is spent in this phase.
- ANSWER interphase
What are the three phases of interphase? - ANSWER G1, S, and G2
,At what phase of interphase are the sister chromatids made? - ANSWER S
(synthesis)
What is the mitotic spindle composed of? - ANSWER centrosomes and
microtubules
What pushes the sister chromatids to be arranged at the metaphase plate during
metaphase? - ANSWER mitotic spindle fibers
What pulls the chromosomes toward the poles of the cell during anaphase? -
ANSWER mitotic spindle fibers
True or False: Plants have centrioles. - ANSWER false
2 cylindrical organelles near the nucleus of an animal cell that assist in mitosis by
helping in the formation of spindle fibers for the mitotic spindle - ANSWER
centrioles
What are the two types of cell cycle signaling molecules that must combine in
order to pass the G2 checkpoint and perform other tasks during mitosis? -
ANSWER kinases and cyclins
What are the steps of meiosis? - ANSWER Interphase, Prophase I, Metaphase I,
Anaphase I, Telophase I, Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II
,process in genetics by which the two chromosomes of a homologous pair
exchange equal segments with each other - ANSWER crossing over
In which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur? - ANSWER prophase 1
How many chromosomes does a human somatic cell have? - ANSWER 46 (23
pairs)
How many chromatids exist before synapsis in mitosis and meiosis? - ANSWER
46
How many chromatids exist after synapsis in mitosis and meiosis? - ANSWER
92
How many chromosomes exist in a human gamete? - ANSWER 23 (23
chromatids)
A gamete has 23 chromosomes of the somatic cell's 46 chromosomes. What is a
gamete? - ANSWER a haploid cell
A somatic cell has 46 chromosomes while a gamete has 23 chromosomes. What is
a somatic cell? - ANSWER a diploid cell
What are the three mechanisms of meiosis that contribute to genetic variation? -
ANSWER independent assortment of chromosomes, crossing over, and the
random nature of fertilization
, diversity in gene frequencies - ANSWER variation
Which of Mendel's laws states that the two alleles for a heritable character
segregate (separate) during gamete production and end up in different gametes? -
ANSWER law of segregation
Which of Mendel's laws states that each pair of homologous chromosomes orient
independently during gamete formation? - ANSWER law of independent
assortment
when two genes are located closely together on the same chromosome and tend
to be inherited together during meiosis unless crossing-over occurs between them
is a phenomenon called... - ANSWER genetic linkage
a type of non-Mendelain inheritance patter in which a heterozygous organism
with a heterozygous genotype for a certain gene show a distinct intermediate
phenotype not seen by homozygotes - ANSWER incomplete dominance
a type of non-Mendelain inheritance pattern in which a different degree of
dominance is shown in which two alleles affect the phenotype in separate,
distinguishable ways; both alleles are totally expressed (no intermediate) -
ANSWER codominance
a type of non-Mendelain inheritance pattern that states that one gene depends
upon another gene for it to be expressed - ANSWER epistasis
