1. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of furosemide
for heart failure. The nurse should include which of the
following instructions?
A. "Take this medication in the evening to prevent nocturia."
B. "Increase your potassium intake while taking this
medication."
C. "This medication can be stopped abruptly once your
symptoms improve."
D. "Limit your fluid intake while taking this medication."
Answer: b) "Increase your potassium intake while taking
this medication."
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, so it is important to increase potassium
intake or consider potassium supplementation.
2. A nurse is teaching a client with GERD about the use of a
proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Which of the following should
the nurse include?
A. "PPIs should be taken before meals to be most effective."
B. "You should take the medication with a large meal for
best results."
C. "PPIs should be taken only when symptoms occur."
D. "It is important to take the medication after meals."
Answer: a) "PPIs should be taken before meals to be most
effective."
Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are most effective
when taken 30-60 minutes before meals, as this allows for
maximum acid suppression.
3. A nurse is caring for a client receiving furosemide. Which
,of the following findings should the nurse monitor for as a
potential adverse effect?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypotension
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: b) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia. The nurse should
monitor potassium levels and provide supplementation as
needed.
4. A client who is receiving phenytoin for seizures asks
about potential side effects. Which of the following should
the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "You may experience a rash."
B. "Your urine may turn red or orange."
C. "You may develop weight gain."
D. "You will likely experience blurred vision."
Answer: a) "You may experience a rash."
Rationale: A rash is a common side effect of phenytoin and
can be an indication of a more serious reaction, such as
Steven-Johnson syndrome.
5. A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed a selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for depression. The
nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the
following substances?
A. Alcohol
B. Caffeine
C. Citrus fruits
D. Salt substitutes
, Answer: a) Alcohol
Rationale: Alcohol can interact with SSRIs, increasing the
risk of sedation, and can also worsen depression. Clients
should be advised to avoid alcohol while taking SSRIs.
6. A client is receiving levothyroxine for hypothyroidism.
Which of the following findings is the most indicative that the
medication dose is too high?
A. Weight gain
B. Increased appetite
C. Increased energy
D. Cold intolerance
Answer: c) Increased energy
Rationale: Too high a dose of levothyroxine can lead to
symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as increased energy,
nervousness, and tachycardia.
7. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed an opioid
analgesic for pain management. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care to
prevent constipation?
A. Increase fluid intake
B. Restrict dietary fiber
C. Administer a laxative with each dose of medication
D. Encourage a low-protein diet
Answer: a) Increase fluid intake
Rationale: Opioids can cause constipation, and increasing
fluid intake and dietary fiber can help prevent this adverse
effect.
8. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of ibuprofen for
pain management. Which of the following instructions
for heart failure. The nurse should include which of the
following instructions?
A. "Take this medication in the evening to prevent nocturia."
B. "Increase your potassium intake while taking this
medication."
C. "This medication can be stopped abruptly once your
symptoms improve."
D. "Limit your fluid intake while taking this medication."
Answer: b) "Increase your potassium intake while taking
this medication."
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, so it is important to increase potassium
intake or consider potassium supplementation.
2. A nurse is teaching a client with GERD about the use of a
proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Which of the following should
the nurse include?
A. "PPIs should be taken before meals to be most effective."
B. "You should take the medication with a large meal for
best results."
C. "PPIs should be taken only when symptoms occur."
D. "It is important to take the medication after meals."
Answer: a) "PPIs should be taken before meals to be most
effective."
Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are most effective
when taken 30-60 minutes before meals, as this allows for
maximum acid suppression.
3. A nurse is caring for a client receiving furosemide. Which
,of the following findings should the nurse monitor for as a
potential adverse effect?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypotension
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: b) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia. The nurse should
monitor potassium levels and provide supplementation as
needed.
4. A client who is receiving phenytoin for seizures asks
about potential side effects. Which of the following should
the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "You may experience a rash."
B. "Your urine may turn red or orange."
C. "You may develop weight gain."
D. "You will likely experience blurred vision."
Answer: a) "You may experience a rash."
Rationale: A rash is a common side effect of phenytoin and
can be an indication of a more serious reaction, such as
Steven-Johnson syndrome.
5. A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed a selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for depression. The
nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the
following substances?
A. Alcohol
B. Caffeine
C. Citrus fruits
D. Salt substitutes
, Answer: a) Alcohol
Rationale: Alcohol can interact with SSRIs, increasing the
risk of sedation, and can also worsen depression. Clients
should be advised to avoid alcohol while taking SSRIs.
6. A client is receiving levothyroxine for hypothyroidism.
Which of the following findings is the most indicative that the
medication dose is too high?
A. Weight gain
B. Increased appetite
C. Increased energy
D. Cold intolerance
Answer: c) Increased energy
Rationale: Too high a dose of levothyroxine can lead to
symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as increased energy,
nervousness, and tachycardia.
7. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed an opioid
analgesic for pain management. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care to
prevent constipation?
A. Increase fluid intake
B. Restrict dietary fiber
C. Administer a laxative with each dose of medication
D. Encourage a low-protein diet
Answer: a) Increase fluid intake
Rationale: Opioids can cause constipation, and increasing
fluid intake and dietary fiber can help prevent this adverse
effect.
8. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of ibuprofen for
pain management. Which of the following instructions
