NSG 316 EXAM #2 Questions 100%
Correct Answers New Update
Fill in the blank: _____ is a state of mind or way a person feels (subjective), _____ is
how people present themselves to others - Answer- ✔✔Mood, affect
What is euthymia? - Answer- ✔✔Normal healthy fluctuations of mood
What is the difference between blunted, bright, flat, inappropriate, labile, and
restricted/constricted affects? - Answer- ✔✔Blunted- low or reduced outward expression
Bright- smiling, positive attitude
Flat- absent outward expression
Inappropriate- emotion does not fit situation
Labile- varied, rapid, abrupt shifts in emotions
Restricted/constricted- mild reduction in range and intensity of emotions
True or false: affect always aligns with a persons mood - Answer- ✔✔False
Which neurotransmitter is associated with the reward and pleasure parts of the brain?
Drugs, such as opioids may affect its release. It is involved in learning, attention, sleep,
mood, heart rate, kidney functioning, and pain processes. - Answer- ✔✔Dopamine (DA)
Which neurotransmitter is associated with the fight or flight response - arousal,
attention, cognitive function, and stress reaction? - Answer- ✔✔Norepinephrine (NE)
Which neurotransmitter is considered to be the mood modulator - mood, perception,
reward, anger, aggression, appetite, sexuality, fear, stress? - Answer- ✔✔Serotonin
(5H-T)
What is a common complaint a child may have if they are experiencing bullying? -
Answer- ✔✔They feel "sick"
This mental health diagnosis is the noted by the experience of overwhelming sadness,
loss of interest in our pleasure, feelings of guilt, low self worth, disruptions and sleep,
appetite, and energy; poor concentration. People experiencing this may not even be
able to get out of bed. - Answer- ✔✔Depression
True or false: mania is a diagnosis associated with bipolar disorder - Answer- ✔✔False
(mania is a symptom)
True or false: men are at greater risk for suicide - Answer- ✔✔True
True or false: women are at greater risk of having depression - Answer- ✔✔True
,What are some primary prevention methods for depression? - Answer-
✔✔Unfortunately, they are not well established, but efforts are focused on reducing
poverty, racism, violence, and stress
What is ECT (electroconvulsive) therapy? - Answer- ✔✔A treatment for people with
depression in which they are sedated with the use of anesthesia, and then electrodes
are used to put them into a seizure like state. During this process, people are hooked up
to EKG monitors, vital sign monitors, and usually oxygen. Only lasts a few seconds,
then recovery (need neuro checks, vitals, close monitoring, fluids)
- 70% of depressed patients respond well to the treatment
** contraindicated for those with intracranial pressure**
What are the two tricyclic antidepressants and what are they used for? - Answer- ✔✔1.)
amitriptyline (Elavil)
2.) nortriptyline (Pamelor)
- Inhibit reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in people with depression, anxiety,
OCD, neuropathic pain, enuresis in kids >6 y/o
** avoid if diagnosed with urinal retention or closed angle glaucoma
What are the four SSRIs antidepressants and what are they used for? - Answer- ✔✔1.)
citalopram (Celexa)
2.) escitalopram (Lexapro)
3.) paroxetine HCl (Paxil)
4.) sertraline (Zoloft)
- inhibits reuptake of serotonin in people with major depression, OCD, bulimia, PTSD,
panic, and premenstrual dysphoric
What are the three atypical antidepressants? - Answer- ✔✔1.) bupropion HCl
(Zyban/Wellbutrin)
2.) duloxetine (Cymbalta)
3.) trazodone (Desyrel)
What are the 4 different benzodiazepine antianxiety meds? - Answer- ✔✔1.) lorazepam
(Ativan)
2.) clonazepam (Klonopin)
3.) alprazolam (Xanax)
4.) diazepam (Valium)
, What are the two non-benzo antianxiety meds? - Answer- ✔✔1.) buspirone
hydrochloride (BuSpar)
2.) hydroxyzine hydrochloride (Atarax)
What are some common side effects of psychiatric meds? - Answer- ✔✔- Dry mouth,
eyes - always thirsty (anticholinergic effects)
- Blurred vision
- Urinary retention
- Nasal congestion
- Sinus tachycardia (do a baseline EKG before prescribing meds)
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Drowsiness/sedation
- Weight changes
- Decreased libido
- Irregular menses
- Dermatits
What are the four extrapyramidical symptoms (EPS) movement disorders? - Answer-
✔✔1.) Dystonia- abnormal muscle spasm, impaired muscle tone, abnormal posturing of
head and neck - give anticholinergic meds to stop it
2.) Pseudoparkinsonism- have signs and symptoms of Parkinson's such as pill rolling
and flat affect without having actual diagnosis
3.) Akathisia- restless, very fidgety - treat this by changing the medications
4.) Tardive Dyskinesia (TD)- irregular, repetitive involuntary movements (lip, smacking,
mouth, movements) - once it gets to this point they have it forever. Must be diagnosed
early to reverse
** Dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, and akathisia are REVERSIBLE - TD is if you catch it
early enough
What are the different medication treatments for extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)? -
hint: 5 diff med classifications - Answer- ✔✔- Anticholinergics
• benztropine (Cogentin)
• trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
- Antihistamines
• diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - calms system
- Dopamine agonists
• amantadine (Symmetrel)
- Beta blockers
• propranolol (Inderal)
- Benzos
• lorazepam (Ativan)
• clonazepam (Klonopin)
• diazepam (Valium)
Correct Answers New Update
Fill in the blank: _____ is a state of mind or way a person feels (subjective), _____ is
how people present themselves to others - Answer- ✔✔Mood, affect
What is euthymia? - Answer- ✔✔Normal healthy fluctuations of mood
What is the difference between blunted, bright, flat, inappropriate, labile, and
restricted/constricted affects? - Answer- ✔✔Blunted- low or reduced outward expression
Bright- smiling, positive attitude
Flat- absent outward expression
Inappropriate- emotion does not fit situation
Labile- varied, rapid, abrupt shifts in emotions
Restricted/constricted- mild reduction in range and intensity of emotions
True or false: affect always aligns with a persons mood - Answer- ✔✔False
Which neurotransmitter is associated with the reward and pleasure parts of the brain?
Drugs, such as opioids may affect its release. It is involved in learning, attention, sleep,
mood, heart rate, kidney functioning, and pain processes. - Answer- ✔✔Dopamine (DA)
Which neurotransmitter is associated with the fight or flight response - arousal,
attention, cognitive function, and stress reaction? - Answer- ✔✔Norepinephrine (NE)
Which neurotransmitter is considered to be the mood modulator - mood, perception,
reward, anger, aggression, appetite, sexuality, fear, stress? - Answer- ✔✔Serotonin
(5H-T)
What is a common complaint a child may have if they are experiencing bullying? -
Answer- ✔✔They feel "sick"
This mental health diagnosis is the noted by the experience of overwhelming sadness,
loss of interest in our pleasure, feelings of guilt, low self worth, disruptions and sleep,
appetite, and energy; poor concentration. People experiencing this may not even be
able to get out of bed. - Answer- ✔✔Depression
True or false: mania is a diagnosis associated with bipolar disorder - Answer- ✔✔False
(mania is a symptom)
True or false: men are at greater risk for suicide - Answer- ✔✔True
True or false: women are at greater risk of having depression - Answer- ✔✔True
,What are some primary prevention methods for depression? - Answer-
✔✔Unfortunately, they are not well established, but efforts are focused on reducing
poverty, racism, violence, and stress
What is ECT (electroconvulsive) therapy? - Answer- ✔✔A treatment for people with
depression in which they are sedated with the use of anesthesia, and then electrodes
are used to put them into a seizure like state. During this process, people are hooked up
to EKG monitors, vital sign monitors, and usually oxygen. Only lasts a few seconds,
then recovery (need neuro checks, vitals, close monitoring, fluids)
- 70% of depressed patients respond well to the treatment
** contraindicated for those with intracranial pressure**
What are the two tricyclic antidepressants and what are they used for? - Answer- ✔✔1.)
amitriptyline (Elavil)
2.) nortriptyline (Pamelor)
- Inhibit reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in people with depression, anxiety,
OCD, neuropathic pain, enuresis in kids >6 y/o
** avoid if diagnosed with urinal retention or closed angle glaucoma
What are the four SSRIs antidepressants and what are they used for? - Answer- ✔✔1.)
citalopram (Celexa)
2.) escitalopram (Lexapro)
3.) paroxetine HCl (Paxil)
4.) sertraline (Zoloft)
- inhibits reuptake of serotonin in people with major depression, OCD, bulimia, PTSD,
panic, and premenstrual dysphoric
What are the three atypical antidepressants? - Answer- ✔✔1.) bupropion HCl
(Zyban/Wellbutrin)
2.) duloxetine (Cymbalta)
3.) trazodone (Desyrel)
What are the 4 different benzodiazepine antianxiety meds? - Answer- ✔✔1.) lorazepam
(Ativan)
2.) clonazepam (Klonopin)
3.) alprazolam (Xanax)
4.) diazepam (Valium)
, What are the two non-benzo antianxiety meds? - Answer- ✔✔1.) buspirone
hydrochloride (BuSpar)
2.) hydroxyzine hydrochloride (Atarax)
What are some common side effects of psychiatric meds? - Answer- ✔✔- Dry mouth,
eyes - always thirsty (anticholinergic effects)
- Blurred vision
- Urinary retention
- Nasal congestion
- Sinus tachycardia (do a baseline EKG before prescribing meds)
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Drowsiness/sedation
- Weight changes
- Decreased libido
- Irregular menses
- Dermatits
What are the four extrapyramidical symptoms (EPS) movement disorders? - Answer-
✔✔1.) Dystonia- abnormal muscle spasm, impaired muscle tone, abnormal posturing of
head and neck - give anticholinergic meds to stop it
2.) Pseudoparkinsonism- have signs and symptoms of Parkinson's such as pill rolling
and flat affect without having actual diagnosis
3.) Akathisia- restless, very fidgety - treat this by changing the medications
4.) Tardive Dyskinesia (TD)- irregular, repetitive involuntary movements (lip, smacking,
mouth, movements) - once it gets to this point they have it forever. Must be diagnosed
early to reverse
** Dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, and akathisia are REVERSIBLE - TD is if you catch it
early enough
What are the different medication treatments for extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)? -
hint: 5 diff med classifications - Answer- ✔✔- Anticholinergics
• benztropine (Cogentin)
• trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
- Antihistamines
• diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - calms system
- Dopamine agonists
• amantadine (Symmetrel)
- Beta blockers
• propranolol (Inderal)
- Benzos
• lorazepam (Ativan)
• clonazepam (Klonopin)
• diazepam (Valium)
